Suchergebnisse

The second level digital divide is generated by a combination of two factors. Firstly, the adoption of advantageous internet uses is strongly related to internet users' material and educational resources. The higher the level of these resources, the higher the probability that advantageous internet uses will be adopted. Secondly, internet users' offline resources have an influence on their digital skills. On the other hand, and according to the third level digital divide, advantageous internet use in not beneficial per se. In order to obtain tangible benefits from it, an adequate level of digital skills is required. In this paper, the Spanish case is used to study second and third level digital divides in relation to e-government. Results show the importance of educational and online resources, as well as higher levels of digital skills, in enhancing the probability of being able to use the internet to interact with the public administration and with government agencies. These results raise important questions in terms of digital citizenship and the democratic divide

En este trabajo analizamos dos aspectos fundamentales para el surgimiento de la organización ciudadanaque nace como consecuencia de la acción política del cómico italiano Beppe Grillo. En primer lugar, estudiamoscómo, el líder de esta organización, construye un discurso en base a criterios de justo e injusto, cómose definen a los responsables y cómo, finalmente, se proponen estrategias para dar solución a esa situación.En segundo lugar, estudiaremos las características políticas, fundamentalmente republicanas, de dicho discurso.Con ello pretendemos enmarcarlo dentro de un discurso político más general e interpretarlo de formaque podamos ofrecer una propuesta sobre la naturaleza política y el tipo de movimiento social al que pertenecela organización. El caso de estudio es la organización surgida a raíz del Blog del cómico italiano BeppeGrillo. Se ha realizado un estudio empírico de las opiniones y propuestas realizadas por Grillo a través desu Blog. El método utilizado para este estudio es lo indicado por la teoría del análisis del discurso ideológico(van Dijk, 1997 y 2004). Se ha utilizado el software T-LAB (ver. 5.1, Lancia, 2004) para el análisis delos textos. ; In this work we analyze two fundamental aspects in the rise of the civic organization born from the politicalaction of the Italian comic Beppe Grillo. First, we study how the leader of this organization builds a discoursebased on criteria of justice and injustice, how does he define the responsibilities and, finally, whichstrategies does he propose to resolve this situation. Secondly, we will study the political characteristics,mostly Republicans, of this discourse. Our aim is to frame it within a broader political discourse and to interpretit, so that we can offer a proposal about the political nature and typology of the social movement organizationit belongs to. The case of study is, as said, the organization arises from the Blog of the Italian comicBeppe Grillo. Discourse analysis and, therefore, the basis for political interpretation, results from an empiricalstudy of the opinions and proposals made by Grillo through its Blog. The method used for this study isindicated by the theory of ideological discourse analysis (van Dijk, 1997 and 2004). To do this, we used theT-LAB software (ver. 5.1, Lancia, 2004) for the analysis of texts.

This paper aims to explore the factors that lead an Internet user to type comments on a political blog in more detail. Specifically, we sought to find out what political variables influence this behaviour and what uses of the Internet seem to favour it. We also studied the effect of a number of socio-demographic control variables. To do this, we used the data from the 2007 survey on "The Internet and political participation" (ref. 2736), run by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. We began with an exploratory factor analysis, which was followed by a logistic regression. In order to exclude influences on the model due to the first-level of digital divide, the sample chosen for the analysis comprised Spanish Internet Users. ; Objetivo de este trabajo es avanzar en la comprensión de los determinantes que hacen que un internauta escriba comentarios en un blog político. Más en concreto, se ha decidido averiguar qué variables políticas influyen sobre este comportamiento y qué usos de Internet parecen favorecerlo. También se ha estudiado el efecto de algunas variables socio-demográficas de control. Para ello, se han utilizado los datos del estudio de 2007 "Internet y participación política" (ref. 2736) del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Se ha implementado un análisis factorial exploratorio y, en un segundo momento, una regresión logística. La muestra elegida para el análisis ha coincido con los internautas españoles, para así descartar influencias en el modelo debidas a la brecha digital de primer nivel.

Does digital stratification foster inequalities in access to work and employment? We address this question by examining inequalities related to online job search skills and the outcomes of the online search process. Results from a representative survey of 1103 Spanish jobseekers show that online job search skills positively affect the chances of getting an interview through employment platforms but that they are unevenly distributed. Online job search skills are more important than other digital resources, including basic digital skills, in determining positive outcomes of online job searches though there are still inequalities in getting an interview independent of either. This calls for considering domain-specific digital skills both in research and in practice alongside tackling traditional inequalities.

In this paper, we study the effects of political attitudes on digital activism. We operationalise political attitudes through three constructs used in classical political science studies: citizenship norms, institutional trust and psychological political engagement. In addition, following the social-psychological models of explanation of political conduct, we suggest the existence of a qualitative difference between the affective component of attitudes, which would coincide with psychological political engagement, and the cognitive component of attitudes, which are made up of political beliefs and values. The latter influences the former, which, in turn, has an influence on political conduct. To achieve our goals, we have analysed digital political participation in Spain. Our results support the qualitative differentiation between cognitive and affective components of attitudes; as a result, there is a clear need to study those political beliefs that specifically characterise digital activism.

AbstractWhile all forms of Internet activity have an impact on the lives of Internet users, some are particularly beneficial and allow people to improve their daily lives. One of such Internet use is Digital Political Participation (DDP). In this paper we seek to understand how the influence of digital skills on the adoption of Digital Political Participation practices may form the basis of a second level of digital divide and of a set of political inequalities. We operationalize the digital skills construct in terms of users' Internet competence and level of appropriation. We hypothesize that digital skills have a significant influence on the adoption of beneficial uses of the Internet, such as DPP. At the same time, we examine whether digital skill levels are stratified by socio-demographic background, thereby generating political and social inequality. By looking at the Spanish case, we first tested the adequateness of the items chosen to measure these two dimensions. Second, we looked into sequences of multiple influences between socio-demographic variables and digital skills and between digital skills and DPP. The results show that socio demographic variables have an influence on digital skills. At the same time, digital skills have a strong influence on DPP.

Variables relating to attitudes and beliefs towards politics and sociodemographic variables are commonplace in studies on political participation. We take these two traditions in order to study digital political participation. However, rather than doing so in order to explain activism, which is usually the case, we seek to explain a specific type of inequality in the information and knowledge society: the political digital divide. Given that digital political participation takes place through a medium that is not universally used, namely the Internet, it is important to know which citizens are in a position to opt for the advantages the political use of this medium represents. Studies exist analysing the way in which the political digital divide appears in terms of sociodemographic and attitudinal variables. Here, however, we try to present a model that helps us understand how these two groups of variables relate in terms of the relationship to digital political participation. The aim is to offer a fuller perspective of the sources of digital political inequalities. ; En el estudio de la participación política las variables relacionadas con las actitudes y las creencias hacia la política y las variables sociodemográficas son un lugar común. Nosotros tomamos estas dos tradiciones para estudiar la participación política digital. Sin embargo, no lo hacemos, como suele ser costumbre en los estudios políticos, para explicar el activismo, sino para explicar un tipo concreto de desigualdad en la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento; la brecha digital política. Dado que la participación política digital se realiza a través de un medio que no es universalmente utilizado, Internet, es importante saber qué ciudadanos están en disposición de optar a las ventajas que supone la utilización política de este medio. Existen estudios que analizan la forma en que se presenta la brecha digital política respecto a variables sociodemográficas y actitudinales. Sin embargo, aquí tratamos de presentar un modelo que nos ayude a comprender cómo se relacionan estos dos grupos de variables en relación a la participación política digital. Se trata de ofrecer una perspectiva más completa sobre las fuentes de las desigualdades digitales políticas.

Según algunos estudios, los españoles desean procesos másparticipativos. Habría grupos proparticipativos (jóvenes,abstencionistas, votantes de izquierda, etc.) y otros menos entusiastas(votantes de la derecha). En este trabajo nos ocupamos de lasrepresentaciones sociales de la democracia participativa. El estudio sebasa en 16 grupos de discusión realizados entre 2011 y 2013.Identifi camos cuatro grandes visiones entre los participantes: los quedesean un sistema de deliberación complejo para la participaciónciudadana, los que quieren referendos y canales expresivos, los quepiensan que es una reforma inalcanzable, y los que rechazan este tipode procesos.

"The events of the past year have drawn the attention of public opinion to the importance that the Internet can have for political and social change. Both the so-called Arab Spring and the Icelandic and Spanish new social movements were born and developed on the Internet. These movements are raising questions and arousing interest in the new type of political participation that is emerging through this tool: Digital Political Participation (DPP). The authors' starting point is that they do not consider DPP as part of the broader concept of traditional political participation, but they consider it as a form of participation in itself. So, it is necessary to create a tool that would allow its measurement in order to understand what the limits and potential of this new phenomenon are. Thus, the objective of this study is to build a statistical tool to measure DPP together with the constructs that influence its implementation." (author's abstract)

Digital social networks have attracted the attention of a growing number of specialists. The use of digital tools such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to express socio-political demands or to perform protest actions has become a central issue for social science today. However, few studies analyse the factors behind this phenomenon using explanatory models based on analytical sociology and rational action. In this article, we take steps in this direction and study the socio-political use of social networks based on a methodological individualism model. Through an analysis of structural equations, we analyse how the individual and social factors involved in the use of the social networks to 'do' politics relate to one another. We conclude that attitudes towards the political possibilities of the Internet constitute an essential factor for this kind of political action.