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32 p. -- tablas, fot. ; [EN] Background Indigenous populations are undergoing rapid ethnobiological, nutritional and socioeconomic transitions while being increasingly integrated into modernizing societies. To better understand the dynamics of these transitions, this article aims to characterize the cultural domain of food plants and analyze its relation with current day diets, and the local perceptions of changes given amongst the Ngäbe people of Southern Conte-Burica, Costa Rica, as production of food plants by its residents is hypothesized to be drastically in recession with an decreased local production in the area and new conservation and development paradigms being implemented. Methods Extensive freelisting, interviews and workshops were used to collect the data from 72 participants on their knowledge of food plants, their current dietary practices and their perceptions of change in local foodways, while cultural domain analysis, descriptive statistical analyses and development of fundamental explanatory themes were employed to analyze the data. Results Results show a food plants domain composed of 140 species, of which 85 % grow in the area, with a medium level of cultural consensus, and some age-based variation. Although many plants still grow in the area, in many key species a decrease on local production–even abandonment–was found, with much reduced cultivation areas. Yet, the domain appears to be largely theoretical, with little evidence of use; and the diet today is predominantly dependent on foods bought from the store (more than 50 % of basic ingredients), many of which were not salient or not even recognized as 'food plants' in freelists exercises. While changes in the importance of food plants were largely deemed a result of changes in cultural preferences for store bought processed food stuffs and changing values associated with farming and being food self-sufficient, Ngäbe were also aware of how changing household livelihood activities, and the subsequent loss of knowledge and use of food plants, were in fact being driven by changes in social and political policies, despite increases in forest cover and biodiversity. Conclusions Ngäbe foodways are changing in different and somewhat disconnected ways: knowledge of food plants is varied, reflecting most relevant changes in dietary practices such as lower cultivation areas and greater dependence on food from stores by all families. We attribute dietary shifts to socioeconomic and political changes in recent decades, in particular to a reduction of local production of food, new economic structures and agents related to the State and globalization. ; [ES]Antecedentes Las poblaciones indígenas están viviendo rápidas transiciones etnobiológicas, alimentarias y socioeconómicas mientras se integran en sociedades modernizantes. Para entender mejor la dinámica de dichas transiciones, este artículo caracteriza el dominio cultural de las plantas comestibles y analiza sus relaciones con la dieta actual, y las percepciones para los cambios señalados por parte de los Ngäbe del sur de Conte-Burica, Costa Rica, mientras la producción de plantas alimentarias por parte de sus residentes se hipotetiza estar en drástica recesión con un descenso del área productiva y la implementación de nuevos paradigmas de conservación y desarrollo. Métodos Se realizaron listas libres extensas, entrevistas y talleres grupales para recolectar los datos entre 72 participantes sobre conocimiento de plantas comestibles, prácticas actuales alimentarias y percepciones de los cambios, mientras que se llevó a cabo análisis de dominios culturales, análisis estadísticos descriptivos y desarrollo de temas fundamentales para la interpretación de la información. Resultados Los resultados muestran un dominio de plantas alimentarias compuesto de 140 especies, de las cuales 85 por ciento crecen localmente, con un nivel de consenso cultural medio, y cierta variación asociada a la edad. A pesar de que muchas plantas aún crecen en el lugar, en muchas de las especies clave se observó un retroceso en el abastecimiento local y hasta el abandono total. Es por ello que el dominio parece ser en gran medida teórico, con poca evidencia de su uso; y la dieta hoy en día es predominantemente dependiente de comidas compradas en la tienda (más del 50 % de ingredientes básicos), muchas de las cuales no fueron sobresalientes o hasta reconocidas como plantas comestibles. Mientras que la mayoría de los cambios en la importancia de las plantas comestibles fueron atribuidos a cambios en preferencias culturales hacia productos procesados comprados en la tienda así como cambios en valores asociados con la agricultura y la auto-suficiencia alimenticia; los Ngäbe son mayoritariamente conscientes de los cambios en las actividades de subsistencia familiares, y la subsiguiente pérdida de conocimiento y uso de las plantas comestibles, siendo promovidos por cambios políticos y sociales, a pesar del incremento en cobertura boscosa y biodiversidad. Conclusiones Los hábitos agroalimentarios entre los Ngäbe están cambiando de formas diversas y de algún modo desconectadas: el conocimiento de plantas comestibles es variado, reflejando algunos de los cambios en las prácticas alimentarias, tales como menores áreas productivas y mayor dependencia en productos comprados en el comercio por parte de todas las familias. Atribuimos las transformaciones alimentarias a cambios socioeconómicos y políticos en décadas recientes, en particular a una reducción de la producción local de comida, nuevas estructuras y agencias económicas relacionadas con el Estado y la globalización. ; Financial and technical support from the School of Anthropology and Conservation at the University of Kent through the Yearly Student Allowance ; Peer reviewed

Background Indigenous populations are undergoing rapid ethnobiological, nutritional and socioeconomic transitions while being increasingly integrated into modernizing societies. To better understand the dynamics of these transitions, this article aims to characterize the cultural domain of food plants and analyze its relation with current day diets, and the local perceptions of changes given amongst the Ngäbe people of Southern Conte-Burica, Costa Rica, as production of food plants by its residents is hypothesized to be drastically in recession with an decreased local production in the area and new conservation and development paradigms being implemented. Methods Extensive freelisting, interviews and workshops were used to collect the data from 72 participants on their knowledge of food plants, their current dietary practices and their perceptions of change in local foodways, while cultural domain analysis, descriptive statistical analyses and development of fundamental explanatory themes were employed to analyze the data. Results Results show a food plants domain composed of 140 species, of which 85 % grow in the area, with a medium level of cultural consensus, and some age-based variation. Although many plants still grow in the area, in many key species a decrease on local production–even abandonment–was found, with much reduced cultivation areas. Yet, the domain appears to be largely theoretical, with little evidence of use; and the diet today is predominantly dependent on foods bought from the store (more than 50 % of basic ingredients), many of which were not salient or not even recognized as 'food plants' in freelists exercises. While changes in the importance of food plants were largely deemed a result of changes in cultural preferences for store bought processed food stuffs and changing values associated with farming and being food self-sufficient, Ngäbe were also aware of how changing household livelihood activities, and the subsequent loss of knowledge and use of food plants, were in fact being driven by changes in social and political policies, despite increases in forest cover and biodiversity. Conclusions Ngäbe foodways are changing in different and somewhat disconnected ways: knowledge of food plants is varied, reflecting most relevant changes in dietary practices such as lower cultivation areas and greater dependence on food from stores by all families. We attribute dietary shifts to socioeconomic and political changes in recent decades, in particular to a reduction of local production of food, new economic structures and agents related to the State and globalization.

7 p., gráficos -- versión online previa sin paginación -- post-print del artículo publicado en Plant Systematics and Evolution. Versión revisada y corregida ; Here we present the third release of the plant rDNA database (March 2017), an open access online resource with information on numbers, locations and structure of 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S (35S) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (www.plantrdnadatabase.com). Data are now available for 2148 species (3783 entries), extracted from 785 papers published until the end of 2016. This means an expansion of 33.5% in terms of new species and 13% in new publications consulted. We appreciate an increased interest on rDNA loci research in recent years, since 10.78% of all data available were published only in 2016. The database has been expanded to include information on telomere composition and on species whose genome has been fully sequenced up to date. Telomere sequence is only known with certainty for 9.60% of species in the database and for 36.79% at the genus level, indicating, potentially, that the consensus plant telomere (Arabidopsis-type) might not be as extended as previously thought. We have also introduced the taxonomic category order as an additional option for data browsing. Similarly, we have included a new category to indicate the hybrid status of taxa. In addition, we upgraded and/or proofread tabs and links and slightly modified the website for a more dynamic appearance. This manuscript provides a synopsis of these changes and developments. ; The Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica from the Government of Spain (CGL2016-75694-P), the Czech Science Foundation (P506/16/02149 J) and the Government of Catalonia ("Ajuts a grups de recerca consolidats", 2014SGR514) are acknowledged for funding. Sònia Garcia benefits from a "Ramón y Cajal" contract from the Government of Spain (RYC-2014-16608). ; Peer reviewed

1 p. -- Corrección de erratas detectadas en el artículo original "Third release of the plant rDNA database with updated content and information on telomere composition and sequenced plant" (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-017-1440-9 / http://hdl.handle.net/10261/153691) -- ; The Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica from the Government of Spain (CGL2016-75694-P), the Czech Science Foundation (P506/16/02149 J) and the Government of Catalonia ("Ajuts a grups de recerca consolidats", 2014SGR514) are acknowledged for funding. Sònia Garcia benefits from a "Ramón y Cajal" contract from the Government of Spain (RYC-2014-16608). ; Peer reviewed

Studies suggesting that medicinal plants are not chosen at random are becoming more common. The goal of this work is to shed light on the role of botanical families in ethnobotany, depicting in a molecular phylogenetic frame the relationships between families and medicinal uses of vascular plants in several Catalan-speaking territories. The simple quantitative analyses for ailments categories and the construction of families and disorders matrix were carried out in this study. A Bayesian approach was used to estimate the over- and underused families in the medicinal flora. Phylogenetically informed analyses were carried out to identify lineages in which there is an overrepresentation of families in a given category of use, i.e., hot nodes. The ethnobotanicity index, at a specific level, was calculated and also adapted to the family level. Two diversity indices to measure the richness of reported taxa within each family were calculated. A total of 47,630 use reports were analysed. These uses are grouped in 120 botanical families. The ethnobotanicity index for this area is 14.44% and the ethnobotanicity index at the family level is 68.21%. The most-reported families are Lamiaceae and Asteraceae and the most reported troubles are disorders of the digestive and nutritional system. Based on the meta-analytic results, indicating hot nodes of useful plants at the phylogenetic level, specific ethnopharmacological research may be suggested, including a phytochemical approach of particularly interesting taxa. ; This research was supported by projects 2017SGR001116 from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan Government), PRO2017-S02VALLES and PRO2020-S02VALLES from the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC, Catalan Academy of Sciences and Humanities), and CSO2014-59704-P and CGL2017-84297-R from the Spanish Government. AG received a predoctoral grant of the Universitat de Barcelona (APIF 2015-2018). ; Peer reviewed

16 p., gráf., tablas ; Background Wild food plants (WFP) have always been consumed by humans, first as the main basis of their food and, since the origins of agriculture, as ingredients of normal diets or as an alternative during situations of scarcity. In contemporary industrialized societies their use is for the most part being abandoned, but they may still play an important role. With the purpose of advancing in the ethnobotanical knowledge of one region of the Catalan Pyrenees, the present study reports the findings of a research project conducted in the Ripollès district (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula), concerning ethnobotanical knowledge and use of wild and semi-wild vascular plants as foods, along with minor crops. Methods From August 2004 to July 2014, we performed 104 interviews (93 of which yielded data on food plants) with 163 informants, using the method of semi-structured ethnobotanical interview. We identified the plants quoted and kept herbarium vouchers. Results We detected 967 use reports for 80 wild or naturalized taxa, which are or have been consumed in the Ripollès district, the most cited being Taraxacum dissectum, Cynara cardunculus and Origanum vulgare. Certain frequently reported species such as Molopospermum peloponnesiacum and Taraxacum dissectum have only been rarely cited previously or indicated as food plant in very restricted geographical areas. Most cited families included Asteraceae and Lamiaceae, followed by Rosaceae and Apiaceae. Preferred consumed plant parts included leaves, followed by aerial parts, along with fruits and infructescences, while most wild food plants are eaten raw or used as condiments. Demographic factors such as age and locality of informants seem to be more relevant to wild food plant knowledge than gender. Middle-aged people and inhabitants from the Higher Freser River Valley seem to have a greater knowledge of WFP, both in relation to the number of species elicited, as well as the diversity of uses and preparations. To a lesser degree, women seem to have a slightly higher WFP knowledge than men. The consumption of these resources is still fairly alive amongst the populace, yet changes affecting younger generations–in most cases abandonment–have been reported by various participants. Conclusion The information provided by this kind of research permits the detection of those traditional species that could constitute the basis for the future development and management of wild edible plant resources along with minor crops. It also helps to determine the factors affecting their use, as well as the distinct target groups that such programmes could be addressed to. ; This research was supported by projects 2005ACOM00024, 2009ACOM00013, 2009SGR00439 and 2014SGR00514 from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan government), project AP07/07 from the Institut Ramon Muntaner, and project CSO2014-59704-P from the Spanish government. ; Peer reviewed

18 p., mapas, gráf., tablas. -- Post-print del artículo publicado en Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Versión revisada y corregida. ; Ethnopharmacological relevance The skin is the main structure that protects the human body from environmental factors and has, in addition, a relevant relationship to people׳s appearance and beauty. Official medicine and cosmetics have shown interest on elaborating products to protect the dermal system, yet the role of folk medicine is highly unknown in this field. Taking this into account, we performed an ethnobotanical study in a Catalan district of the eastern Pyrenees (northeast Iberian Peninsula), with the purpose of assessing popular plant knowledge and use. In this paper, we present exclusively the results on topically-used plants. Additionally, we have performed a thorough literature search in order to validate the uses of plants recorded in well-established pharmacological works. Methodology A number of 163 informants (57.7% women and 42.3% men, born between 1915 and 1988, with an average age of 71.6 years) were interviewed by means of 104 semi-structured interviews. Voucher specimens were collected, prepared and deposited in the BCN herbarium. Results We collected information on the popular uses implying topical application of 115 plant taxa (three determined at generic level and 112 at specific level), belonging to 92 genera and 51 families. Taxa with use reports higher than 5% included Arnica montana subsp. montana, Hypericum perforatum, Thymus vulgaris, Lilium candidum and Tussilago farfara. The degree of reliability of the results is very high, as indicated by a big number of report uses (1676) and a very high informant consensus factor (0.93 of a maximum of 1). Topical uses of 21 plant taxa with more than 1% of use reports have been validated consulting pharmacological literature. Conclusions Data indicate a high degree of plant knowledge in the studied region regarding dermal conditions, cosmetics and additional affections (such as snake bite). The present study constitutes a good basis for further phytochemical and pharmacological research, which could be of interest in the design of new drugs. Furthermore, the evidence of these folk uses could be the key information in simplified procedures established by the European Union for the registration of herbal medicinal products based on traditionally used plants, reinforcing the already recognized role of ethnobotany in the mentioned applied research and development field. ; This research was supported by projects 2005ACOM00024, 2009ACOM00013, 2009SGR00439 and 2014SGR00514 from the Generalitat de Catalunya and project AP07/07 from the Institut Ramon Muntaner. ; Peer reviewed

Editors: Diego Muñoz-Torrero, Montserrat Riu and Carles Feliu. ; Ethnobotanical studies have focused with particular intensity -especially in industrialized countries- on food and medicinal plant properties and management claimed by informants. Nevertheless, the uses on the interface between both areas have not been addressed to the same proportion, although they have a very important place both in ethnological and in health issues. We present in this paper the results of ethnobotanical prospections carried out in Catalonia regarding folk functional foods and nutraceuticals. A total amount of 1,888 use reports from 195 taxa, belonging to 64 botanical families, corresponding to this category have been collected and analyzed. The most quoted taxa are Thymus vulgaris, Allium sativum, Ruta chalepensis and Sambucus nigra, the most cited families are Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae and Apiaceae. Aerial parts of the plants are by an ample margin the most used, and alcoholic beverages are the most common way of preparation of the products, closely followed by the direct ingestion of raw materials. The results obtained in ethnobotanical prospections related to the folk functional food (FFF) concept are numerous and robust enough to appear as promising for new commercial nutraceutical products development. ; This work was supported by the Catalan government (projects 2005ACOM00024, 2009ACOM00012, 2009ACOM00013, 2009SGR439, 2014SGR514), and the Spanish government (project CSO2014-59704-P). ; Peer reviewed

Ethnobotanical studies have focused with particular intensity -especially in industrialized countries- on food and medicinal plant properties and management claimed by informants. Nevertheless, the uses on the interface between both areas have not been addressed to the same proportion, although they have a very important place both in ethnological and in health issues. We present in this paper the results of ethnobotanical prospections carried out in Catalonia regarding folk functional foods and nutraceuticals. A total amount of 1,888 use reports from 195 taxa, belonging to 64 botanical families, corresponding to this category have been collected and analyzed. The most quoted taxa are Thymus vulgaris, Allium sativum, Ruta chalepensis and Sambucus nigra, the most cited families are Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae and Apiaceae. Aerial parts of the plants are by an ample margin the most used, and alcoholic beverages are the most common way of preparation of the products, closely followed by the direct ingestion of raw materials. The results obtained in ethnobotanical prospections related to the folk functional food (FFF) concept are numerous and robust enough to appear as promising for new commercial nutraceutical products development. ; This work was supported by the Catalan government (projects 2005ACOM00024, 2009ACOM00012, 2009ACOM00013, 2009SGR439, 2014SGR514), and the Spanish government (project CSO2014-59704-P). ; Peer reviewed

8 p., gráficos, 1 tabla -- Contiene material suplementario -- Versión publicada online -- La base de datos B-chrom, a la que hace referencia el artículo, se puede consultar en: http://www.bchrom.csic.es/ -- Permiso de la editorial a los autores del artículo: "You may post an electronic version of the published Article on your own personal website, on your employer's website/repository and on free public servers in your subject area. Electronic versions of the published Article must include a link to Wiley InterScience together with the following text: 'The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1469-8137'" ; We present here B-chrom (www.bchrom.csic.es), an online database with comprehensive information on B chromosomes (Bs) for plants, animals and fungi. Data have been extracted from 3041 sources published between 1907 and July 2016. There are 5760 entries corresponding to 2828 species. Besides presence, number or range of B chromosomes, the database provides information on chromosome number, ploidy level and genome size when available. After an extensive publication search strategy and data mining, the content of the database has been analysed statistically and significant positive correlations, though faint, have been found between the average number of Bs, chromosome number and ploidy level. Some of the species with the highest number of Bs in plants reproduce asexually, which may be related to an accumulation of these selfish genomic elements. Despite the increased interest in B chromosome research in the recent years (20% of the data in B-chrom was published in the last decade) there is still poor knowledge with respect to global biodiversity. The database is the first step to systematize information on Bs and we expect that it will be used by scientists interested in cytogenetics for data-mining or comparative studies involving B chromosomes. ; The Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica from the Government of Spain (CGL2016-75694-P), the Czech Science Foundation (P506/16/02149J) and the Government of Catalonia ("Ajuts a grups de recerca consolidats", 2014SGR514) are acknowledged for funding. Sònia Garcia benefits from a "Ramón y Cajal" contract from the Government of Spain (RYC-2014-16608). ; Peer reviewed

14 p., tablas, mapas -- versión online previa sin paginación -- post-print del artículo publicado en Economic Botany. Versión revisada y corregida. ; [EN] Previous research has documented different trends in the consumption of wild food plants but has rarely analyzed the motivations behind their continued (or lack of) consumption. In this article, we use empirical data to explore the factors driving the consumption of a selected set of wild food plants. We start by analyzing the different trends (i.e., abandonment, maintenance, and valorization) across 21 selected species with different food uses. We then explore the reported motivations that drive such trends using data collected among 354 respondents in three Catalan-speaking rural areas. The consumption of wild food plants is decreasing in the three study areas and across the categories of food use analyzed. Respondents listed sociocultural factors, rather than environmental or economic factors, as more prominent determinants of consumption trends; taste preferences seem to be the most relevant motivation for those who continue to consume wild food plants, whereas a myriad of motivations related to changes in lifestyle were provided by those who explain the abandonment of their consumption. ; [ES] Se han documentado diferentes tendencias en el consumo de plantas silvestres comestibles, pero raramente se han analizado las razones que explican por qué algunas plantas se siguen consumiendo y otras no. En base a una selección de plantas silvestres comestibles, en este artículo exploramos los factores que explican las tendencias en el consumo de plantas silvestres. En la primera parte analizamos las tendencias de consumo (abandono, mantenimiento y valorización) de un grupo de 21 especies con diferentes usos alimentarios y en la segunda exploramos las motivaciones esgrimidas por 354 habitantes de tres áreas rurales catalanoparlantes en relación a estas tendencias. El consumo de plantas silvestres parece haber sufrido una reducción generalizada en las áreas prospectadas. Para todas las especies, los encuestados mencionaron factores socioculturales, más que ambientales o económicos, como importantes a la hora de explicar sus patrones de consumo. Específicamente, el sabor parece ser el principal argumento para aquellos que continúan consumiendo plantas silvestres mientras que una combinación de motivos relacionados con cambios en estilos de vida predomina entre las explicaciones de aquellos que han abandonado su consumo. ; The present work was conducted under the framework of the project "Sociocultural factors that explain the gathering and consumption of food wild plants and minor crops. Case studies in the Iberian peninsula and the Balearic Islands," funded by the Economy and Competitiveness Ministry (CSO2011-27565) of the Spanish government. The contribution of Generalitat de Catalunya is also acknowledged (project 2014SGR514). E.C. benefited from a predoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministry for Education. ; Peer reviewed

The ongoing academization of gastronomic studies indicates the necessity for a commonly accepted classification system for cooks that does not contradict scientific approaches. This work discusses the fundamentals used by chefs and scientists to classify unelaborated food products; proposes taxonomic gastronomy as a new interdisciplinary framework that studies the taxonomy surrounding gastronomy; and presents a categorization of unelaborated food products that follows commonly accepted culinary criteria yet avoids contradiction by scientific knowledge. As little literature focuses on these issues, and similar experiences are scarce, it is concluded that further cross-disciplinary endeavors such as this will continue to be greatly fruitful. ; This work was carried out in the framework of the agreement between the Universitat de Barcelona and elBulliFoundation signed on 23 October 2012 and was subsidized by the Catalan government (grant number 2009SGR0403, 2014SGR1241, 2014SGR7, 2014SGR514, 2014SGR1315, 2014SGR1208, 2014SGR1480 and 2014SGR623). ; Peer reviewed