Suchergebnisse

The radical right has gained considerable ground in the twenty-first century. From Brexit to Bolsonaro and Tea Partiers to Trump, many of these diverse manifestations of right-wing populism share a desire to co‑opt or supplant the mainstream parties that have traditionally held sway over the centre right. It is now more important than ever to understand similar moments in Australian and New Zealand history. This book concerns one such moment—the Great Depression—and the explosion of large, populist conservative groups that accompanied the crisis. These 'citizens' movements', as they described themselves, sprang into being virtually overnight and amassed a combined membership in the hundreds of thousands. They staunchly opposed party politicians and political parties for their supposed inaction and infighting. Whether left or right, it did not matter. They wanted to use their vast numbers to pressure their governments into enacting proposals they believed were in the national interest: a smaller, more streamlined government where Members of Parliament were free to act according to their conscience rather than their party allegiance. At the same time, the movements prescribed antidotes for their nations' economic ill‑health that were often radical and occasionally anti-democratic. At the height of their power, they threatened to disrupt or outright replace the centre right political parties of the time—particularly in Australia. At a time when fascism and right-wing authoritarianism were on the march internationally, the future shape of conservative politics was at stake.

Intro -- Contents -- Figures, Tables and Charts -- Introduction -- Part One: Wholes and Particularities -- I. A critique of the operation of the social sciences -- 1. The "good" sociological object -- 2. Cultural ethnography and interactional ethnography -- II. Leftovers of details: a photographic experiment -- III. What is the minor mode of reality? -- Part Two: Existence and Days -- I. Displacement and continuity -- II. Plurality, laterality, singularity -- III. Existential anthropology: from sociology to non-sociology -- Part Three: Presences and Intensities -- I. "Entering into" presence -- II. Reposity chart and intensitometry -- III. Mitigated humans: what can be concluded? -- IV. Phenomenographic paths for analyzing presence -- Conclusion -- I. An ontology of the individual -- II. Minima -- III. Where is "society"? -- IV. A narrative of origin -- References.

Dasaĩ is a Yakthumba popular festival. The cult of Durgā legitimates the authority of the political headmen, the subbā, who appeared after the Gurkha conquest (having been delegated by the "kings", called hang). The hang was in fact an ordinary head of house (tumyang) like any other. The subbās seem to have taken over from the former kings. But because he enjoyed the favor of Nahangma, the yakthumba goddess of the mountain, he was recognized as primus inter pares (tum tumyang) and was brought to power. Nahangma is not present at Dasaĩ but is replaced by another goddess called Yuma (the grandmother) with whom she has always been fighting. But this does not mean she is not still worshipped in each house on her own dates. And just as Durgā and Yuma legitimate the subbā's monopoly of power over arms, Nahangma legitimates this same power for each household head under the subbā; thus a contradiction arises. And so we find the Yakthumba living under the twofold antagonistic power of the gods (Durgā and Nahangma), which is the foundation of the twofold antagonistic power of men (subbā and tumyang). If this hypothesis is correct, then the hang of the past, also a head of house, has not disappeared, which is what the author has shown.

Deconstructing the "young people" category in Africa, in order to place its study on new foundations: such is the aim of this anthropological essay. Understood through its emergence and its historical establishment, particularly during the sequences of events that followed decolonisation, the "young person" category is separated out from the tangle of connected concepts (cadet social, junior, young generation), enriched with components of its construction that have gone unnoticed (calendar age, demographic and political category), explored taking account of the uncertainty surrounding the delimitations and characterisations of that phase of human development. Thus comparatively re-characterised, the means of another interpretation of the "young people" category appeared, making it possible at once to conceive of the heterogeneity of this category, to apprehend its underlying dynamics, and to sketch angles of approach for new studies.

In the much-changed context of the present-day lives of the Tigania-Igembe Meru (agro-herders living north-east of Mount Kenya who once had a political generation-set system), the article examines the differentiation of categories of youth and the modalities of age limits. Contrary to common perceptions, the transition to the next grade was neither automatic nor devoid of strong tensions, and youth was something other than that intermediate phase between childhood and adulthood, as the society and culture under consideration testifies to, through narratives, rules and a special vocabulary for the purpose. Nowadays, under the effect of widespread schooling, new youth classifications have appeared, overlapping or replacing old ones. The still-significant key question of initiations has shifted, causing a major de-synchronisation between the paths of girls and boys. The article offers a contribution to an anthropology of youth, viewed here from the perspective of its limits, and aims to put the rite of passage back in its rightful place within processes that concern both complex trajectories and the crucial junctions of existence.

Histories of Hate: The Radical Right in Aotearoa New Zealand explores intolerance and extremism in Aotearoa New Zealand, from the emergence of the precursors to the radical right during British settlement in the late nineteenth century to today's QAnon conspiracists and keyboard warriors. This volume reveals the complexities of Aotearoa's radical right traditions and discusses how, through time, various groups have been animated by a diverse mix of ideas, idealogues, organisations, social clubs and political parties. The text puts a wide range of topics under a direct and critical lens. Colonisation, antisemitism, discrimination against Chinese immigrants, anti-communism, skinhead gangs, support for white minority governments in southern Africa, opposition to Maori Treaty rights, the religious right, and recent events such as the 15 March 2019 terrorist attacks in Christchurch and the rise of COVID-19 conspiracy theories are all covered. In Histories of Hate, editors Matthew Cunningham, Marinus La Rooij and Paul Spoonley have brought together experts from multiple disciplines, including historians, sociologists, political scientists, kaupapa Maori scholars, and experts in religious and media studies, to create a benchmark text that will be the definitive reference for years to come. A compelling read and an important, timely book, Histories of Hate traverses Aotearoa's socio-political and extremist landscape in both historical and contemporary contexts, shedding light on the social and cultural intolerances that continue to shape New Zealand society to this day