Suchergebnisse

The foundations of health promotion / Ruth Cross, Simon Rowlands, and Sally Foster -- People, power and communities / Louise Warwick-Booth and Sally Foster -- Policies for health in the 21st century / Louise Warwick-Booth and Simon Rowlands -- Health communication / James Woodall and Simon Rowlands -- Towards the future of health promotion / Ruth Cross, Louise Warwick-Booth, and Sally Foster.

Introduction to health communication : theoretical and critical perspectives -- Communication theory -- Educational theory -- Psychological theory -- Methods and media -- Social marketing -- Health literacy -- Challenges in health communication and behaviour change -- The politics of health communication and behaviour change -- Looking to the future

"Health Promotion Ethics: A Framework for Social Justice critically considers the ethical dimensions of promoting health with individuals and communities, encouraging a nuanced understanding of health promotion in the context of fairness, empowerment and social justice. Case studies, international material, and opportunities to reflect on practice are used throughout to bring the important issues under discussion to life, engaging both students and practitioner alike. The book provides a fascinating route to reflect on what it really means to promote health for all in a more equitable way"--

What is health? -- Contemporary threats to health -- Investigating health -- Sociology -- Social anthropology -- Health psychology -- Health promotion -- Individual characteristics and their influence upon health -- Social and community characteristics and their influence upon health -- The physical environment and its influence upon health -- Policy influences upon health -- The global context of health -- Synthesizing perspectives : case studies for action.

Background:
Despite literature recognising the huge potential of co-production as a positive approach to evidence creation, there is a dearth of evidence about how co-production principles can problematise knowledge exchange, specifically in evaluation work.

Aims:
To critically examine three evaluation projects commissioned by voluntary sector stakeholders to illustrate challenges in knowledge exchange linked to the co-production of evidence exchange.

Methods:
We critically compare the challenges experienced in co-producing evidence across three evaluations, reflecting on power dynamics, co-productive ways of working and emotions, which all impact upon successful knowledge exchange.

Findings:
In Project 1, internal monitoring data required for reporting was not shared. In Project 2, the commissioners' need to evidence success resulted in limited knowledge sharing, with valuable learning about partnership issues and service delivery held internally. In Project 3, evidence demonstrating the failure of a local authority model of area management for community members was partially discredited by statutory stakeholders (state actors).

Discussion and conclusions:
Bias in evaluation reporting and academic publication can arise from current knowledge exchange processes, including co-production. Voluntary sector funding is problematic as stakeholders delivering programmes also commission evaluations. Knowledge exchange is influenced by vested interests arising from the political context in which data is gathered. Evaluators can face aggression, challenge and unfair treatment resulting in damaged relationships, and failures in knowledge exchange. The emotional elements of knowledge exchange remain under-reported. Varying and shifting power dynamics also limit knowledge exchange. Changing research practice, to support power sharing, needs further exploration to facilitate improved knowledge exchange.

Objective. The study sought to assess the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) interventions in reducing alcohol consumption among college students, as compared to no intervention or alternative interventions. It also sought to identify the potential moderators to MI intervention effects. Data Source. Database sources consulted included Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLE, PsycLIT, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Included studies were (1) underpinned by experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental designs; (2) studies in which participants were either college males only or females only or both; and (3) studies in which adaptations of MI were based on key MI principles. Excluded studies were (1) non-English language studies; (2) studies not published from 2000–2012; (3) studies in which participants were not college students; (4) studies in which intervention was not delivered by face-to-face approach; and (5) studies that failed to embark on postintervention follow-ups. Data Extraction. A total of 115 abstracts were screened. These were narrowed down to 13 studies from which data for the study were extracted. Data Synthesis. Selected studies were underpinned by experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental designs. Owing to the heterogeneity in selected studies, a narrative synthesis was used. Results. MI interventions were found to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption among college students, when compared to alternative interventions or no intervention. Potential moderators of MI intervention effects were identified to include practitioner's adherence to MI techniques and individual's drinking motives. Conclusion. MI presents itself as a promising tool that can augment the many existing social-environmental strategies of health promotion.

Abstract:
Health Champions are a growing component within the British public health workforce and their roles are now emphasised within the coalition's Government's public health strategy. However, there is the need for further exploration of the way in which Health Champions use interpersonal communication within their roles. This paper reports on the findings from a mixed method evaluation of one Health Champion programme in North East England. A key finding was the way in which Health Champions used circles of influence to communicate health knowledge and to try to achieve behaviour change, starting with themselves in the centre of their circle and then moving outwards to influence others such as family, friends and colleagues through their social networks. The paper argues that health champions act as healthy role models within their own circles of influence to successfully communicate health knowledge to those around them.