Suchergebnisse

The use of different organic carbon sources in the denitrification of wastewater containing 2500 mg nitrates/L in a SBR was studied. Three alternative sources of carbon were tested: wastewater from a sweet factory, a residue from a soft drinks factory and a residue from a dairy plant. The first two are sugar-rich, whereas the third presents a high content in lactic acid. Maximum specific denitrification rates of between 42 and 48 mg NO3-N/g VSS h were obtained. The effluents were nitrate-free and very low COD concentrations were obtained in 4–6 h reaction time, especially with the sugar-rich carbon sources. The values of the denitrifier net yield coefficient were higher than when using methanol (0.93–1.75 g VSSformed/g NOx-Nreduced). The lowest value was obtained using the lactic acid-rich residue. The optimum COD/N ratios varied between 4.6 for the lactic acid-rich carbon source and 5.5–6.5 for the sugar-rich carbon sources ; European Union via Contract ECSC-7210-PR-358, Membrane-bioreactor system for treatment of nitrates in pickling process waste water

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. http://www.end-o-sludg.eu/

16th European Biosolids and Organic Resources Conference, 14th-16th November 2011, Leeds (United Kingdom) ; One of the aims of the "END-O-SLUDG" EU FP7 project focuses on the pre-treatment of sludge to enhance biogas production in anaerobic digestion. Different pre-treatments were studied within this context. This paper presents the results of applying ultrasound cell disruption (24 kHz, 3500 – 20000 kJ/kg TS) and Enzymatic Hydrolysis (42°C, 48 hours) as single treatments and in combination. Tests were performed on primary, secondary and combined sludge from two wastewater treatment plants. Each pre-treatment was followed by 24 hours of fermentation at 37°C to monitor the short-term improvement in performance. The results are discussed in terms of the variations in soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and ammonia. An increase in sCOD is interpreted as enhanced conversion of the organic load and hence greater energy recovery since the sCOD provides the carbon source for the microorganisms that produce biogas. As this parameter increases the level of recalcitrant compounds is also reduced accordingly as a consequence of the pre-treatments prior to sludge digestion. Ammonia is another parameter considered an indicator of biomass degradation, particularly of proteins. ; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. Project: END-O-SLUDG

17th European Biosolids and Organic Resources Conference, 19th-21st November 2012, Leeds (United Kingdom) ; Biodegradability tests were performed on sewage sludge to assess the effect of conditioning additives (FeCl3 and cationic polyelectrolytes) on the methane yield. In addition, enzymic hydrolysis pretreatment (42 ºC, 48 hours), called "Inverted Phase Fermentation" (IPF), was also applied to the sludge as a pretreatment and biodegradability tests were performed on the concentrated solid phase obtained. The specific methane potential (SMP) of untreated (raw) sludge was 246 LCH4/kgVSo. The addition of high amounts of FeCl3 (5.6 g/L sludge) caused a minor change in the SMP, yielding 242 LCH4/kgVSo. When a cationic polyelectrolyte was also added, increases of 11% and 25% in SMP were obtained depending on the flocculant. When applying IPF as pretreatment, the concentrated solid phase produced a 20% increase in SMP if the sludge did not contain FeCl3, whereas a decrease of 6.8% was obtained if the sludge contained this coagulant. As IPF concentrates solids in an upper thickened layer, the addition of a cationic polyelectrolyte to the sludge inhibited this pretreatment. ; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. Project: END-O-SLUDG

This research has been sponsored by funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. http://www.end-o-sludg.eu/

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under grant agreement no. 265269. http://www.end-o-sludg.eu/

A laboratory-scale biological plant composed of two aerobic reactors operating at 35 ◦C was used to study the biodegradation of coke wastewater The main pollutants to be removed are organic matter, especially phenols, thiocyanate and ammonium nitrogen. The concentrations of the main pollutants in the wastewater during the study ranged between 922 and 1980 mg COD/L, 133 and 293 mg phenol/L, 176 and 362 mg SCN/L and 123 and 296 mg NH4 +–N/L. The biodegradation of these pollutants was studied employing different hydraulic residence times (HRT) and final effluent recycling ratios in order to minimize inhibition phenomena attributable to the high concentrations of pollutants. During the optimisation of the operating conditions, the removal of COD, phenols and thiocyanate was carried out in the first reactor and the nitrification of ammonium took place in the second. The best results were obtained when operating at an HRT of 98 h in the first reactor and 86 h in the second reactor, employing a recycling ratio of 2. The maximum removal efficiencies obtained were 90.7, 98.9, 98.6 and 99.9% for COD, phenols, thiocyanate and NH4 +–N, respectively. In order to remove nitrate, an additional reactor was also implemented to carry out the denitrification process, adding methanol as an external carbon source. Very high removal efficiencies (up to 99.2%) were achieved. ; European Union (ECSC) Proyect BIOCONTROL (Ref. No. 72010-PR-235)

This research has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 226569. http://www.end-o-sludg.eu/

After biological treatment, coke wastewater contains small amounts of phenolic compounds resistant to such treatment. The removal of phenols and COD from coke wastewater subjected to biological treatment was studied. The adsorbents used were granular activated carbon and the resins XAD-2, AP-246 and OC-1074. Equilibrium, kinetics and column assays were carried out, fitting the equilibrium data to Langmuir and Freundlich models and the kinetic data to the Lagergren equation. The best results were obtained with GAC, which presented higher adsorption capacities. In the equilibrium assays, the adsorption capacities (Q) found were 1.48 mg g−1 for GAC versus 0.07 and 0.04 mg g−1 for resins AP-246 and OC-1074, respectively. In the kinetic assays, the values of the Lagergren adsorption parameter, qe, were 1.69, 0.15 and 0.14 mg g−1 for GAC, AP-246 and OC-1074, respectively. In the column assays, the dynamic capacity of GAC for up to 480 bed volumes was 1.82 mg mL−1. No saturation was obtained for this volume due to the asymptotic shape of the breakthrough curve, whereas for the same percolated volume, the resins AP-246 and OC-1074 were saturated. These two resins presented similar saturation capacities of around 1.1 mg mL−1 ; European Union - ECSCS. Project BIOCONTROL (Ref. No. 7210-PR-235)

17th European Biosolids and Organic Resources Conference, 23rd-25th May 2013, Portalegre (Portugal) ; Inverted Phase Fermentation is a method for thickening sewage sludge that results in a clarified phase beneath a thickened fraction. An increased hydrolysis rate is obtained in both phases. The liquid phase or liquor was digested in UASB reactors. The optimum methane yield was obtained for hydraulic retention time of 1 day (0.32 m3 CH4/kg VS, 2.31 m3 CH4/m3reactor day). When this liquor was co-digested with 1% (v/v) crude glycerin, the optimum methane yield was obtained when operating at hydraulic retention time of 2 days (0.67 m3 CH4/kg VS, 2.76 m3CH4/m3reactor day). Co-digestion of the liquor with crude glycerin not only improved specific methane yield, but also organic matter biodegradation (up to 89% total COD and up to 76% VS removal). ; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. Project: END-O-SLUDG

4th European Conference on Sludge Management 26th-27th May 2014, Izmir (Turkey) ; Inverted Phase Fermentation is a method for thickening sewage sludge that results in a clarified phase beneath a thickened fraction. An increased hydrolysis rate is obtained in both phases. The liquid phase or liquor was digested in UASB reactors. The optimum methane yield was obtained for hydraulic retention time of 1 day (0.32 m3 CH4/kg VS, 2.31 m3 CH4/m3reactor day). When this liquor was co-digested with 1% (v/v) crude glycerin, the optimum methane yield was obtained when operating at hydraulic retention time of 2 days (0.67 m3 CH4/kg VS, 2.76 m3CH4/m3reactor day). Co-digestion of the liquor with crude glycerin not only improved specific methane yield, but also organic matter biodegradation (up to 89% total COD and up to 76% VS removal). ; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-ENV.2010.3.1.1-2 ENV) under Grant Agreement no. 265269. Project: END-O-SLUDG