Suchergebnisse

Este trabajo sistematiza y analiza sucintamente los mecanismos previstos en el Derecho del Trabajo portugués de protección de la víctima de violencia doméstica, en la relación conyugal o similar, haciendo una comparación con el régimen español de protección de las trabajadoras víctimas de violencia de género, que ha inspirado al legislador portugués, prestando atención a los vacíos legales que dificultan su utilización por parte de los destinatarios o las destinatarias. Se examina con particular interés el concepto de víctima de violencia doméstica, que no coincide con la víctima de violencia de género, y también se evalúan las diferentes opciones legislativas (portuguesa y española). Finalmente, se hace una breve referencia al papel de la autonomía colectiva en este tema y a otras medidas complementarias de protección social.

This article discusses the main changes introduced to the Portuguese labour market following the adoption of the Memorandum of Understanding of 2011. The intent behind the Memorandum's demands was to reduce the costs related to employment contracts, to expand both internal and external flexibility, and to relaunch collective bargaining under a new and more decentralised framework. However, several measures ended up being at odds not only with the Portuguese Constitution, but also with ILO Conventions and the (Revised) European Social Charter. We address the changes to wage policies, working time, employment protection legislation, and collective bargaining, which gave way to a new 'flexibility-oriented' labour relations model, characterised by a global reduction of labour protection levels. We argue that not only were these measures unable to fix the problems of the Portuguese labour market, but they also had crippling effects on social rights in general and, most particularly, on workers' rights. Moreover, despite the overcoming of the economic crisis, as well as the changes to the political scene, the most significant alterations were maintained. This demonstrates that bailout reforms leave their mark, particularly when they correspond to measures previously under discussion and when their implementation is supported by external pressures. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Pro-independence movements in the Basque Country and in Catalonia have old historical roots. Whereas in Catalonia the pro-independence social mobilization has recently gained energy, in the Basque Country it seems less prominent nowadays. We explore the psychosocial predictors associated with individuals' involvement in collective efforts towards independence in both these contexts. We distributed an online questionnaire among Basque (n=132) and Catalonian (n=152) independence supporters. Among the Basque independence supporters, pro-independence collective action tendencies were negatively predicted by perceived social status and identification with Spain, and positively predicted by patriotism and collective efficacy. Among the pro-independence Catalonians, only identification with Catalonia and collective efficacy beliefs predicted pro-independence collective action tendencies. These results are discussed considering historical, political, and socioeconomic factors. ; Los movimientos independentistas en País Vasco y Cataluña tienen viejas raíces históricas. En Cataluña la movilización pro-independencia ha ganado energía, pero en el País Vasco parece menos prominente. Exploramos los predictores psicosociales asociados con la participación en esfuerzos colectivos pro-independencia en ambos contextos. Distribuimos uncuestionario en línea entre partidarios de la independencia de País Vasco (N=132) y Cataluña (N=152). Entre los vascos, las tendencias de acción colectiva pro-independencia fueron predichas negativamente por la percepción del estatus y la identificación con España, y positivamente por el patriotismo y la eficacia colectiva; entre los catalanes, la acción colectiva se predijo solo por la identificación con Cataluña y creencias de eficacia colectiva. Estos resultados se discuten considerando factores históricos, políticos y socioeconómicos. ; Les mouvements pro-indépendance basque et catalan ont des racines anciennes. En Catalogne, la mobilisation pro-indépendance s'est récemment intensifiée, alors qu'elle a diminué au Pays Basque. Nous explorons des prédicteurs psychosociaux de l'implication des individus dans des actions collectives visant l'indépendance, dans ces deux contextes. Nous avons distribué un questionnaire en-ligne à des partisans de l'indépendance basques (N=132) et catalans (N=152). Pour les répondants basques, le statut social et l'identification à l'Espagne prédisent négativement, tandis que le patriotisme et l'efficacité collective prédisent positivement, l'adhésion à l'action collective. Pour les catalans, l'identification à la Catalogne et les croyances à l'efficacité collective sont les seuls prédicteurs de l'adhésion à l'action pro-indépendance. Nous discutons les facteurs historiques, politiques et socio-culturels associés à ces résultats. ; Os movimentos independentistas no País Basco e Catalunha e têm raízes históricas antigas. Na Catalunha a mobilização social pró-independência ganhou energia recentemente, no País Basco ela parece ser menos proeminente. Neste estudo exploramos preditores psicossociais associados ao envolvimento em esforços coletivos pró-independência nestes dois contextos. Distribuímos um questionário "on-line" a apoiantes da independência da do País Basco (N=132) e da Catalunha (N=152). Entre os catalães pró-independência, apenas a identificação com a Catalunha e crenças na eficácia coletiva predizem as tendências de ação coletiva; entre os bascos, as tendências de ação coletiva são preditas negativamente pelo estatuto social e pela identificação com Espanha, e positivamente pelo patriotismo e pela eficácia coletiva. Estes resultados são discutidos considerando fatores históricos, políticos e socioeconómicos.

Background: Due to global technological advances, psychology professionals have experienced constant changes in their daily routines. The field of career development and vocational psychology is no different. Amplified by the adjustments brought about by the circumstances of the pandemic, there has been an increased demand for and development of various distance intervention methodologies. Methods: This study presents a systematic review of distance career interventions, focusing on (1) rationale, (2) groups of the population, (3) structure, (4) evaluation, and (5) outcomes and recommendations. Eleven keywords, three databases, and five eligibility criteria were defined. Results: Sixteen articles were collected for analysis. The results showed a predominance of (1) career construction theory and social cognitive theory rationales, (2) a sample of university students, (3) group career intervention, (4) pre- and post-test evaluation systems, and (5) effects in different dimensions and recommendations about intervention research design. Conclusions: Although there has been an increase in the number of publications in recent years, few studies evaluate distance career interventions. There are also few studies with different target populations. In this sense, indications for future interventions and studies are given, as well as the implications of these studies for practice.

AbstractThe study of career development among unemployed people is vital for effective institutional responses. This integrative review based on Torraco's protocol fills a literature gap by synthesizing research on interventions for this population. Seven keywords, five databases, and six eligibility criteria were defined. Among 324 articles, 36 were reviewed. Findings highlight diverse counseling modalities, emphasizing group interventions and remote delivery. Tailored approaches, including length, frequency, and social‐emotional and career dimensions, are crucial. Practical recommendations emphasize comprehensive, psychological support, goal‐oriented counseling, and postintervention assistance. These insights underscore vocational psychology's importance in addressing unemployment, impacting government policies, career services, and psychologists.

AbstractThis study describes validity and reliability evidence of the Multidimensional Measure of Employability (MME) based on the internal structure and relations to other measures in a sample of unemployed persons in Portugal. Altogether, 216 individuals participated in an online survey. The MME's internal structure was tested by confirmatory factor analyses, suggesting good fit. The factors' reliability was good, as assessed by four types of coefficients. Multiple linear regressions considering motivational and emotional features allowed for the identification of validity evidence based on the relationships with other constructs. Thus, MME is a valid and reliable measure to assess employability among unemployed persons.

We conducted a floristic study in the National Forest of Caxiuanã (FLONA Caxiuanã) located in the state of Pará, Brazil, in the municipalities of Portel and Melgaço. This forest is characterized by Amazonian physiognomies such as lowlands, seasonally flooded areas (várzea and igapó), Amazonian white-sand scrub (campinarana) and secondary forests. This article provides a taxonomic synopsis of the members of the Leguminosae subfamilies Cercidoideae, Detarioideae, and Dialioideae that occur in the FLONA Caxiuanã, based on herbarium studies and field expeditions. Nineteen species were catalogued, including two members of Cercidoideae, 16 of Detarioideae, and one of Dialioideae. The species of Cercidoideae from FLONA Caxiuanã are restricted to the Amazon forest, and one of them is exclusive to the Brazilian Amazon. Of the species of Detarioideae, 81.25% are restricted to the Amazon forest and 25% are exclusive to the Brazilian Amazon. The single species of Dialioideae is restricted to the Amazon forest. The most species-rich genera belong to Detarioideae: Macrolobium (six species). The two members of Cercidoideae and the only Dialioideae species occur in terra firme forest; the 56.25% species of Detarioideae occur in igapó forests. We include an identification key for the species presented in the synopsis, with illustrations, diagnoses, and taxonomic comments for all catalogued species.

AbstractThis study describes the validity and reliability evidence of the multidimensional measure of employability (MME) based on the internal structure and relations to career self‐efficacy and career success. Two hundred forty seven Portuguese persons (75.7% women) aged from 21–73 years old (M = 39.9, SD = 10.9) participated. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested adequate fit in the correlational and hierarchical models. Measurement reliability was good for total score and each factor. Correlations with the additional measures provided evidence of validity. MME provides a tool for research and career counseling, enabling comprehensive employability assessment and personalized interventions, while recognising the interplay between employability dimensions.

AbstractAlthough different social crises may eventually favor undemocratic and authoritarian forms of governance, at some point, such antidemocratic practices require the support of a significant part of the population to be implemented. The present research investigates how and whether the COVID‐19 pandemic might have favoured greater support for antidemocratic governmental practices, on the premise of regaining control and security. Using data from 17 countries (N = 4364) and national‐level indicators (i.e., real number of contagions and deaths, and sociopolitical indicators), we test how the risk of contagion and death from COVID‐19, along with personal orientations (i.e., social dominance orientation [SDO], right‐wing authoritarianism [RWA], and perceived anomie) motivate authoritarian and antidemocratic practices. Results from multilevel models indicate that risk perception and perceptions of political instability predict a wish for stronger leadership, agreement with martial law, and support for a controlling government especially when SDO and RWA are high, while more egalitarian and less conservative people agree less with these authoritarian measures in spite of the levels of risk perception. We discuss the implications for these findings for future research on similar but also dissimilar external events (natural disasters, war, or terror incidents) and the consequences for societies with higher authoritarian tendencies.