Suchergebnisse

The state programs for low income housing in Brazil started in the 1930s, and most recently the well-advertised program 'My House, My Life' by the Federal government had on its goals to improve the quality of life of poor people, to reduce the housing deficit and to foster the economy. The question raised by this paper is how important was the contribution of the program for the economic growth observed in the Brazilian economy in previous years? In a way to shed light on this question, the case of the low income housing programs in the state of São Paulo is taken as an example. The State program being a joint venture among the federal, state and municipal governments. To do so, a specific interregional input-output model is estimated for two regions, São Paulo and Rest of Brazil, with the insertion in the model of 5 different typologies of low income housing, ranging from a single house to building complexes. The impacts are measured in terms of GDP, tax collection and employment in the State of São Paulo and in the Rest of Brazil, showing that depending on the housing typology, the impacts in the economy are different, and that part of the investments made returns to the government in terms of tax collection.

Abstract We estimated the intra-urban wage premium and its attenuation with a balanced panel of workers in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo, Brazil. There are few studies dealing with the agglomeration effects on wages in developing countries, especially focusing on a fine geographical scale, as we consider in this paper. We geocoded the employment data on a grid of 9,071 cells of 1 km² and compared wages in the adjoining cells. We use Geographically Weighted Regressions to determine the size of the rings based on the AIC minimization method. We use worker and firm observable characteristics and fixed effects of firm, worker, and cell to deal with the selection of firms and workers. The estimated intra-urban wage premium ranges from 0.8% and 1.1%, depending on the size of the cells (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 km2). The attenuation effect is observed but restricted to 3 km from the inner cell and is stronger for less educated workers.

AbstractIn September of 1997 the Brazilian Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional the earmarking of tax revenues to public housing programme that was practised by the Government of the State of São Paulo. We explore this decision as an exogenous experiment to identify the impact of the earmarking prohibition on public housing deficit. We take advantage of the fact that the decision only affected the provision of public housing to households below a specific income threshold and estimate a difference‐in‐difference empirical model with probit estimators. Our results suggest that low‐income individuals faced an average decrease of 4.5% in the probability of living in a housing deficit condition after earmarking was revoked.

Resumo Muitos trabalhos estudaram fatores que determinam o preço de imóveis. Todavia, pouco esforço foi atribuído para estudar o spillover espacial entre distritos, atentando para as hierarquias dos objetos de análise. Nesse contexto, utilizando o Método Hierárquico Linear Espacial, o presente artigo busca analisar os efeitos implícito, vizinhança e adjacência no município de São Paulo, isto é, quais os fatores afetam o preço intra e entre imóveis e quais fatores atuam sobre os preços intra e entre distritos. Os resultados apontam que 96,89% do preço do imóvel é explicado pelas características intrínsecas e de localização, enquanto 3,11% (efeito vizinhança e adjacência) é explicado pelas características dos distritos e o spillover espacial entre estes. Em relação à primeira decomposição, 90,13% pode ser entendido como efeito implícito (intra imóvel) e 6,76% como efeito adjacência (efeito entre imóveis).