Suchergebnisse

1. Introduction : thinking through resistance / Nicola Bulled and Matthew Puffer -- 2 . Subaltern resistance narratives and the culture-centered approach : inverting public health discourse / Mohan J. Dutta and Ambar Basu -- 3. "Protecting life" : the case of Texas legislation and resistances to Gardasil, the HPV vaccine / Samantha D. Gottlieb -- 4. Resistance or parasitism? Waste scavengers and Dengue mosquito control in Nicaragua / Alex M. Nading -- 5. When new science meets old traditions : engaging the indigenous sector to improve uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in high-prevalence countries / Nicola Bulled and Edward C. Green -- 6. Saying no to PrEP research in Malawi : what constitutes 'failure' in offshored HIV prevention research? / Kristin Peterson ... [et al.] -- 7. Oral health as a citizen-making project : immigrant parents' contestations of dental public health campaigns / Sarah Horton and Judith Barker -- 8. Drug patents and shit politics in South Africa : refiguring the politics of the 'scientific' and the 'global' in global health interventions / Christopher J. Colvin and Steven Robins.

1. The prescription for HIV prevention -- 2. Surveillance -- 3. Knowledge production -- 4. Knowledge dissemination -- 5. Knowledge acquisition -- 6. Rational action -- 7. Biomedical shift : medical male circumcision -- 8. Bringing culture to global health communication.

AbstractRefugees use social networks to navigate the institutions of immigration. Social networks also serve as support structures as refugees claim their identity and establish a sense of belonging. This paper examines the influence of personal social networks on the integration experiences of 16 asylum‐seekers in Thessaloniki, Greece. Case studies of three recent asylum‐seekers convey how the dynamics of personal social networks differentially influence the experiences of integration. The visualizations of their personal social network, the 45 individuals they engage with routinely, reveal the structure and composition of their social lives. Across the study sample, refugees with more Greek contacts were better able to navigate the economic and legal landscape. However, more engagement with host nationals did not necessarily improve feelings of belonging. Migration policies and programming should consider how to use social networks, both existing and new, to improve migrant integration outcomes.

Traditional male circumcision practices have been strongly discouraged by HIV prevention campaigns in Lesotho. Traditional circumcision rituals are perceived as a possible transmission route for HIV because of the reuse of unsterilized cutting instruments. While individuals living in urban areas and the lowlands have increasingly considered traditional circumcision a practice of the past, foregoing the procedure all together, those dwelling in rural areas continue to consider the practice vital in the construction of male national identity. Initially, the national government voiced strong concern over the publicizing of medical male circumcision (MMC) – conducted by surgeons in sterile clinics. There have been claims that male circumcision (either traditional or MMC) does not have the same level of protective benefit against HIV in Lesotho that research suggests it has in other countries in the region. This article critically examines the development of government responses to international expectations on MMC scale-up. It also explores the impact of government responses on the attitudes of youth who serve to benefit most from such biomedical HIV prevention measures. Given the existing distinction between traditional practices and MMC, recent international calls for male circumcision in the region are positioned at the divides of modern/traditional, urban/rural, educated/ignorant, uninfected/infected.

Tropical disease syndemics, the adverse morbidity‐enhancing interaction of two or more neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), like the diseases that comprise them, have been largely unrecognized and generally neglected. However, their role in contributing to the health burden of the poor is significant. This paper presents syndemics as a new theoretical perspective with which to develop a comprehensive approach to understand and respond to the health consequences of adverse interactions among NTDS and between NTDs and other diseases. Specifically the paper examines local social factors and macro‐level political economic factors that are both the ultimate source and ultimate arbiter of public and medical responses to syndemics of NTDs.

Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) has been rapidly accepted by global HIV policy and donor institutions as a highly valuable HIV prevention strategy given its cost-effectiveness, limited interactions with a health facility, and projected long-lasting benefits. Many southern African countries have incorporated VMMC into their national HIV prevention strategies. However, intensive VMMC promotion programs have met with limited success to date and many HIV researchers have voiced concerns. This commentary discusses reasons behind the less-than-desired public demand and suggests how inclusion of the traditional sector – traditional leaders, healers, and circumcisers – with their local knowledge, cultural expertise and social capital, particularly in the realm of social meanings ascribed to male circumcision, may improve the uptake of this HIV prevention strategy. We offer Lesotho and Swaziland as case studies of the integration of universal VMMC policies; these are countries with a shared HIV burden, yet contrasting contemporary socio-cultural practices of male circumcision. The similar hesitant responses expressed by these two countries towards VMMC remind us that the incorporation of any new or revised and revitalized public health strategy must be considered within unique historical, political, economic, and socio-cultural contexts.

Use of the syndemics concept has diffused from medical anthropology to an array of health‐related disciplines. This development reflects a growing awareness that diseases and disease sufferers do not exist in a vacuum and that many of the most damaging human epidemics are the possible or probable consequence, not of a single disease acting alone but of several diseases acting in tandem. Syndemics offer a useful conceptual framework for the study of global health inequality. As work guided by a syndemics perspective is conducted on a range of diseases and in diverse regions of the world, the practical health implications of this approach are beginning to unfold.

In this review, we trace the origins and dissemination of syndemics, a concept developed within critical medical anthropology that rapidly diffused to other fields. The goal is to provide a review of the literature, with a focus on key debates. After a brief discussion of the nature and significance of syndemic theory and its applications, we trace the history and development of the syndemic framework within anthropology and the contributions of anthropologists who use it. We also look beyond anthropology to the adoption and use of syndemics in other health-related disciplines, including biomedicine, nursing, public health, and psychology, and discuss controversies in syndemics, particularly the perception that existing syndemics research focuses on methodologies at the individual level rather than at the population level and fails to provide evidence of synergistic interactions. Finally, we discuss emerging syndemics research on COVID-19 and provide an overview of the application of syndemics research.