Suchergebnisse

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- I Foundations -- 1 Authority and Autonomy -- 2 Historical Origins of Scientific Authority -- 3 American Science -- 4 Scientific Authority in Contemporary Society -- II Science in society -- 5 Science and the Courts -- 6 Science and Religion -- 7 Science and Government -- 8 Science and the Public -- 9 The Prospects for Scientific Authority -- References -- Index

This Note will attempt to provide the framework for a more extended institutional examination of the post-revolutionary courts that functioned in the counties of western-most North Carolina and,beginning in 1790, the Territory South of the River Ohio before their organization into the new state of Tennessee in June 1796. The Note initially will set forth the jurisdiction and the regulatory authority of the county courts of pleas and quarter sessions under the North Carolina and territorial governments, will describe the jurisdiction and authority of the courts' individual justices, and will examine the role of the petit jury in exercising a check upon the courts' power. With that background, data extracted from the records that survive for one of the county courts for the period will be presented and analyzed. In particular, the Note will focus upon that court's judicial business. Attention will be directed to the characteristics of the court's litigation, to the sources of law relied upon by the court, and to the characteristics of its own justices and of the attorneys who practiced at its bar. This Note uses as a case study the court that functioned in Davidson County between its organization in October 1783 and April 1796, when the court convened for its final term before state-hood. The author's justification for using the Davidson county court as the subject of the case study is that, with the possible exception of those that survive for Knox and Sumner counties, more extensive and, for the most part, more complete records are available for that court than for any other of the western county courts that functioned before 1796. The author in no way claims that the Davidson county court is representative of those courts. The Davidson county court merely is the first to be examined.

Letter writer: Theodore M. Brown; Letter recipient: Maria Brown ; Date created: July 2, 1864 ; Primary source material

Este artículo estudia el proceso médico y político de surgimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la principal agencia multilateral de salud, formalmente fundada en 1948 y ligada a la recientemente creada Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Este proceso se inició hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en 1945, cuando Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética colaboraron para vencer a los nazis, y culminó poco después del inicio de la Guerra Fría en 1947, es decir, de la rivalidad entre las superpotencias soviética y norteamericana. La OMS pudo legitimarse en este cambiante contexto y dejar un legado que hasta ahora es importante en la salud pública. ; This article studies the political and medical processes in which the World Health Organization emerged and was formally created in 1948 as the main multilateral agency in health linked to the recently created United Nations. These processes begun in 1945 when the United States and the Soviet Union began to work together to defeat the Nazis and ended shortly after the beginning of the Cold War in 1947, namely after the rivalry and competition between Soviet and North-American superpowers that would take place during the second half of the 20th century. The World Health Organization could validate itself in a changing context and left a legacy that today is relevant for contemporary public health.

This article studies the political and medical processes in which the World Health Organization emerged and was formally created in 1948 as the main multilateral agency in health linked to the recently created United Nations. These processes begun in 1945 when the United States and the Soviet Union began to work together to defeat the Nazis and ended shortly after the beginning of the Cold War in 1947, namely after the rivalry and competition between Soviet and North-American superpowers that would take place during the second half of the 20th century. The World Health Organization could validate itself in a changing context and left a legacy that today is relevant for contemporary public health. ; Este artículo estudia el proceso médico y político de surgimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la principal agencia multilateral de salud, formalmente fundada en 1948 y ligada a la recientemente creada Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Este proceso se inició hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en 1945, cuando Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética colaboraron para vencer a los nazis, y culminó poco después del inicio de la Guerra Fría en 1947, es decir, de la rivalidad entre las superpotencias soviética y norteamericana. La OMS pudo legitimarse en este cambiante contexto y dejar un legado que hasta ahora es importante en la salud pública.

This article studies the political and medical processes in which the World Health Organization emerged and was formally created in 1948 as the main multilateral agency in health linked to the recently created United Nations. These processes begun in 1945 when the United States and the Soviet Union began to work together to defeat the Nazis and ended shortly after the beginning of the Cold War in 1947, namely after the rivalry and competition between Soviet and North-American superpowers that would take place during the second half of the 20th century. The World Health Organization could validate itself in a changing context and left a legacy that today is relevant for contemporary public health. ; Este artículo estudia el proceso médico y político de surgimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la principal agencia multilateral de salud, formalmente fundada en 1948 y ligada a la recientemente creada Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Este proceso se inició hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en 1945, cuando Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviéticacolaboraron para vencer a los nazis, y culminó poco después del inicio de la Guerra Fría en 1947, es decir, de la rivalidad entre las superpotencias soviética y norteamericana. La OMS pudo legitimarse en este cambiante contexto y dejar un legado que hasta ahora es importante en la salud pública.

The making of an international health establishment -- The birth of the World Health Organization, 1945--1948 -- The start-up years 1948--1955 -- The Cold War and eradication -- Overcoming the warming of the Cold War : smallpox eradication -- The transition from "family planning" to "sexual and reproductive rights" -- The vicissitudes of primary health care -- The response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic -- An embattled Director-General and the persistence of the WHO -- The competitive world of global health -- The World Health Organization in the second decade of the 21st century

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) leadership challenges can be traced to its first decades of existence. Central to its governance and practice is regionalization: the division of its member countries into regions, each representing 1 geographical or cultural area.

The term "global health" is rapidly replacing the older terminology of "international health." We describe the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in both international and global health and in the transition from one to the other. We suggest that the term "global health" emerged as part of larger political and historical processes, in which WHO found its dominant role challenged and began to reposition itself within a shifting set of power alliances.

"This book collects landmark papers from the American Journal of Public Health (also published by American Public Health Association) written over the past 50 years. Each chapter delves into an essential aspect of public health, one which illuminates public health's history then and now"--