Suchergebnisse

This paper examines a series of medical related topics within the context of the Cape Colony in the 1820s. The focus on these specific healthcare issues highlights broader themes in terms of authority, control and power in the governance of the Cape during this period. In addition, the thesis explores the interconnected nature of the Colony within the British Empire and assesses how this position affected standards of treatment and the regulation of the medical profession. The thesis is not intended to be an all-encompassing examination of Cape based health care during the 1820s, however it seeks to highlight a series of interesting cases and their connections to wider trends and notions of authority. The thesis begins by situating the Cape Colony within the wider framework of the Empire during this period. This involves examining characteristics of governance and networks of information that epitomised the era. Having established this broad context, the paper narrows its focus to the specifics of the Cape medical system and how it was supposed to be functioning. Throughout this process a variety of different roles and structures are explored before an in-depth examination of the Cape's place in a medical network is undertaken. How such a structure was utilised is then discussed by looking at specific cases of medical malpractice and negligence. Thereafter, the thesis moves on to look at the Colony's treatment and response to the conditions of 'lunacy' and leprosy within the 1820s. This final chapter uses the focus on these illnesses to act as case studies which underline a number of the themes and factors highlighted in the preceding chapters. As the paper progresses, the inability of both local and metropole officials to exercise influence over the different structures and practitioners of the Cape becomes more and more apparent. This process relies heavily on records from the Cape Town Archive which serve as the cornerstone of the research used in this paper. These are accompanied by contemporary newspaper articles and reports from Commissions' of Enquiry add to this context. From these records a number of interesting micro-historical examples are utilised to speak to general trends, but also indicate spaces in our understanding. The thesis concludes by pointing out the unique nature of medical care and regulation in the Cape context, but also the space for future research.

The economic success of the fledgling democracies of Eastern Europe, so crucial to their political viability, will depend to a great extent upon their agricultural sectors. And the success of East European agriculture will hinge on how East Europeans manage both their economies at large and, more particularly, the organization of agricultural produ

The article provides an in-depth critical analysis of an article published by the UK mid-market press newspaper the Daily Mail criticizing the role of High Court judges for ruling that Parliamentary approval was necessary to trigger Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and formally leave the EU. It argues that the article and the newspaper itself can be considered populist through the discourse strategies that they adopt to represent the pro-Brexit voters and public positively and negatively the three judges involved in the High Court decision. The investigation is based on a fine-tuned multimodal analysis of the newspaper report and demonstrates that textual means are combined with visual means to denigrate the three judges responsible for the decision but further expanded to the entire judiciary and pro-Remain supporters and to legitimize the voice of the "people" of the Daily Mail or those 17.4 million Britons who voted to leave the UK in the referendum of June 2016.

This paper examines the performance of Bulgarian agriculture since 1960, using an aggregate production function analysis. Particular attention is paid to how organizational changes affected performance, and the implications of the Bulgarian experience for current reforms in centrally-planned economies. Results indicate that organizational reforms in the 1970s and 1980s did not increase output and productivity growth. Significant estimates of increasing returns to scale, declining rates of disembodied technological change growth and interperiod differences in input coefficients suggest that these failures lie both in the difficulties associated with the implementation of new organizational regimes and in the changes in technology between policy periods. This indicates that the outcome of current reforms in centrally-planned economies depends critically on the methods of and the commitment to their implementation.

This chapter describes the nature of interpreting in military/diplomatic contexts at the Italian Ministry of Defense (MoD) and it is particularly interested in the role played by genre in this context. In terms of diplomacy-level military discourse, we offer an overview of some important genres that are part of the job profile of MoD staff and freelance interpreters. Specifically, we focus on the "hyper-genre" (Giltrow & Stein 2009) of Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and some related texts, genres and situations, which are combined in various ways to form "genre chains" (Fairclough 2003). Our main hypothesis is that MoD professionals are involved in genre-building and propagation. This hypothesis is premised on the notion that genre and context awareness are crucial to interpreters' success. On the basis of empirical data taken from semi-structured interviews with current and former MoD Translators/Interpreters, we argue that interpreters in a militarydiplomatic situation assume varying degrees of responsibilities in genre dissemination and recontextualization (Boyd & Monacelli 2010).

This study proposes the application of a number of important tenets from Critical Discourse Analysis, specifically the Discourse-Historical Approach, to interpreter studies and training. It recognizes the crucial distinctions of text, discourse and genre in the sphere of politics and proposes a multi-layered interdisciplinary model of context to analyze source texts. The application of the model is illustrated on three political speeches that share the pro-active discourse of climate change.

The experiences of older adolescent cyberbullying victims from a rural community were explored in this qualitative study. Findings revealed that cyberbullying originates primarily as the result of jealousy over romantic relationships and cultural, religious, or sexual orientation intolerance. Participants also indicated that cyberbullies tend to be more brazen and cruel as the result of perceived anonymity. In addition, participants reported feelings of helplessness and rage in response to the attacks. Finally, participants suggested that the lack of knowledge and understanding of cyberspace resulted in a lack of emotional support and protection against cyberbullying.

Modern archaeology has amassed considerable evidence for the disposal of the dead through burials, cemeteries and other monuments. Drawing on this body of evidence, this book offers fresh insight into how early human societies conceived of death and the afterlife. The twenty-seven essays in this volume consider the rituals and responses to death in prehistoric societies across the world, from eastern Asia through Europe to the Americas, and from the very earliest times before developed religious beliefs offered scriptural answers to these questions. Compiled and written by leading prehistorians and archaeologists, this volume traces the emergence of death as a concept in early times, as well as a contributing factor to the formation of communities and social hierarchies, and sometimes the creation of divinities.