Suchergebnisse

In 2003, the 'E3'-Germany, France, and the United Kingdom-engaged Iran in talks over Tehran's nuclear program and were joined in negotiations the next year by the European Union (EU). Given the dim prospects of success for these talks, why did the E3/EU pursue nuclear negotiations with Iran? This article's three-track analysis attempts to answer that question by examining the emergence of the EU nonproliferation policy prior to the E3/EU-Iran talks, analyzing the European-Iranian relationship as it pertains to cooperation and negotiations over nonproliferation and other issues, and considering contemporary influences on the E3/EU. The European Union was ultimately unsuccessful in its negotiations with Tehran, but its efforts were worthwhile. In the future, the organization can play a vital nonproliferation role; today, the circumstances that hampered previous European efforts to resolve the Iranian nuclear standoff have improved and could be capitalized on by the European Union and the international community. Adapted from the source document.

This article explores the challenges of implementing UN Security Council Resolution 1540 through the prism of the 'tragedy of the commons.' Because implementing 1540 requires a significant investment of time and resources, the decision by states not to implement the resolution is a rational inaction for each individual state driven by self-interest to maximize private gains. However, this ultimately leads to collective irrationality and the destruction of the public good, i.e., common security, leaving every state worse off. Adapted from the source document.

For decades, politicians have left the responsibility to protect the world's natural resources to environmental organizations and aid agencies. Yet, with environmental crime on the rise and revenue filling the coffers of the world's worst terrorist organizations and transnational criminals, governments are now responding with more resources and energy than at any other time. Novel and innovative approaches, nonetheless, are necessary in the public and private sectors, and new partnerships need to be forged to overcome this threat to conservation, sustainable development, and global security.