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Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Preamble -- I Foundations and Prerequisites -- 1 Building a Science of Cities -- 2 Ebb and Flow -- 3 Connections and Correlations -- II The Science of Cities -- 4 The Growth of Cities -- 5 Hierarchies and Networks -- 6 Urban Structure as Space Syntax -- 7 Distance in Complex Networks -- 8 Fractal Growth and Form -- 9 Urban Simulation -- III The Science of Design -- 10 Hierarchical Design -- 11 Markovian Design Machines -- 12 A Theory for Collective Action -- 13 Urban Development as Exchange

List of figures -- List of tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Preamble -- Prerequisites and foundations -- Building a science of cities -- EBB and flow : interaction, gravity, and potential -- Connections and correlations : the science of networks -- The science of cities -- The growth of cities : rank, size, and clocks -- Hierarchies and networks -- Urban structure as space syntax -- Distance in complex networks -- Fractal growth and form -- Urban simulation -- The science of design -- Hierarchical design -- Markovian design machines -- A theory for collective action -- Urban development as exchange -- Plan design as committee decision-making -- Conclusions: a future science -- References -- Author index -- Subject index

A proposal for a new way to understand cities and their design not as artifacts but as systems composed of flows and networks.In The New Science of Cities, Michael Batty suggests that to understand cities we must view them not simply as places in space but as systems of networks and flows. To understand space, he argues, we must understand flows, and to understand flows, we must understand networks--the relations between objects that compose the system of the city. Drawing on the complexity sciences, social physics, urban economics, transportation theory, regional science, and urban geography, and building on his own previous work, Batty introduces theories and methods that reveal the deep structure of how cities function.Batty presents the foundations of a new science of cities, defining flows and their networks and introducing tools that can be applied to understanding different aspects of city structure. He examines the size of cities, their internal order, the transport routes that define them, and the locations that fix these networks. He introduces methods of simulation that range from simple stochastic models to bottom-up evolutionary models to aggregate land-use transportation models. Then, using largely the same tools, he presents design and decision-making models that predict interactions and flows in future cities. These networks emphasize a notion with relevance for future research and planning: that design of cities is collective action.

Digital twins are computer models that provide different but connected simulations of some particular system such as a city. They are used to explore how the system can be controlled, managed, and designed in ways that enable us to develop a better understanding of different city systems.