Suchergebnisse

Mit Blick auf die Überalterung und Entvölkerung erlaubt die demographische Prognose des Staatlichen Statistischen Komitees Russlands für das Jahr 2016 die Aussicht auf eine um 137 Millionen reduzierte Bevölkerungszahl. Bestimmend dabei ist wohl die weiter sinkende Geburtenrate. Die hier genauer diskutierten Ursachen dafür werden in medizinischen, wirtschaftlichen und sozial-psychologischen Aspekten gesucht, von denen nach Ansicht des Verfassers der letztere ausschlaggebend sein dürfte. Im Vergleich mit Europa insgesamt werden außerdem die gravierenden Folgen der Migrationsbewegungen erörtert. (BIOst-Rgl)

The article examines the discursive practices of modern Russian public discourse, which includes political communication as a necessary part. The author considers first of all those discursive practices and the corresponding speech acts that are magical in nature. Such types of speech acts are proposed to be called "the acts of magical embodiment". The pronunciation of the act of magical embodiment leads to a change in the world, resulting from the release of mystic forces associated with both the speaker's supernatural abilities and the participation of mysterious forces. Among the acts of magical embodiment, there are vows, curses, tabooing and overcoming the taboos (use of euphemisms and concealment), prohibitions, benevolence, spells, and others. The use of magical practices in public discourse has a long tradition in political communication, especially in the creation of slogans. In modern public communication, many speech practices of magical nature have a legal basis. Current practice suggests that every mention of a prohibited political actor is accompanied by an indication of the prohibition. The curse as an act of magical embodiment sometimes adjoins the practice of imposing restrictions on "foreign agents". Concealment (tabooing and overcoming the taboos) is enforced by the law on the "right to be forgotten".

Book Review: Khenkin S. 2023. Spain. Modern unstable society. Moscow. Aspect Press.Book Review: Khenkin S. 2023. Spain. Modern unstable society. Moscow. Aspect Press.

Мета роботи: полягає у формуванні формування вимог до розвідки об'єктів противника в операціях (бойових діях) угруповань військ (сил) Збройних Сил України.
Метод дослідження: методи аналізу та синтезу, методи оцінювання та співставлення, індукції та дедукції, а також порівняння, формалізація, абстрагування та математичного моделювання.
Результати дослідження: запропонований порядок (логіка) формування показника повної вартості складного зразка (системи) ОВТ; запропонований підхід до урахування впливу фактору динамічності на показники загальної вартості складних зразків озброєння і військової техніки.
Теоретична цінність: полягає у визначенні підходу до оцінювання повної вартості життєвого циклу складних систем озброєння та військової техніки з урахуванням фактору її динамічності у часі.
Тип статті: описовий.

The paper deals with analysis of verbal and nonverbal information in dialogues about bribes. The dialogue about bribes is one of the types of so called "closed" discourse in which explicit expression of communicative intention is forbidden or at any case legally restricted. Closed discourses are opposed to open ones, in which there are no significant prohibitions on the expression of certain meanings. The restriction on explicit verbalization of bribes leads to contradiction between the need for speakers to express their thoughts clearly, on one hand, and prohibitions of a legal nature – on another. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use non-verbal channels to transfer information – in particular gestures. In dialogues about bribes gesture often replaces and complements speech acts of participants. Examples of interaction between speech of participants of dialogues and their non-verbal behavior are considered. Linguistic semantics and linguistic pragmatics are shown as a metalanguage that allows to transfer sense at the non-verbal level of communication in dialogues about bribes. For this purpose, it is proposed to use metalanguages of non-verbal semiotics and the formal representation of the plot, based on the narrative grammars. The study and description of the interaction between the level of speech and the level of non-verbal communication (primary gestures) is necessary for forensic linguistics in bribery cases. The study of the rules of interaction between verbal and non-verbal is necessary not only for applied linguistics – in particular forensic linguistics, but also for linguistic theory.

Modern technologies expand opportunities for human development: life dynamicsincrease, digital platforms are created for educational, scientific, as well as politicalpurposes, new opportunities arise for controlling authorities, and communicative practicesare improving. At the same time, there are new dangers to which people are exposed. Thereport, prepared for the start of the Davos Economic Forum in 2019, focuses on technologicalinstability and introduces the concept of "Digital panopticon", which refers to new forms ofsocial control - face recognition, gait analysis, microchipping, digital lip reading. Thanksto the spread of these technologies, we are moving into a world in which all data about usis collected, stored and tested through artificial intelligence algorithms. Digital technologyprovides an unprecedented level of control over societies. In socio-political practice, theterm "digital totalitarianism" has appeared, which is understood as total digital control withthe help of cameras, gadgets, digital applications, artificial intelligence programs for humanbehavior and actions to further build its rating in society. The most famous practice of digitaltotalitarianism is the social credit system in China, which was introduced in 2014. Analoguesof the social credit system are also used in other countries, for example, in the USA, Germany,Great Britain, and France. The danger of an invasion of the state and society into the privatelife of a person in the context of digitalization does not decrease, but rather increases. Theomnipotence of security agencies and the related restrictions on human rights and freedomsis a problem not only of authoritarian societies, but also of democratic states. Combiningthe maximum use of the opportunities provided by digital technologies with the benefits forhumans and the secure information space, which is created, to a decisive extent, by the effortsof the state, we see the effective development of the information society in the 21st century.