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The paper studies the contributions of cognitive styles to the process of stereotyping and perceptual bias (ingroup favoritism). It was suggested that the role of cognitive styles weakens in conditions of the object's perceptual clarity and amplifies in conditions of his/her perceptual nebulosity. In the experiment, the level of perceptual clarity appeared as an independent variable and was set using different stimulus objects. Low perceptual clarity was presented by a description of fictional groups of people sensitive to low or high frequency sounds. Medium perceptual clarity was characterized by a description of recognizable (typical) groups of people who preferred «low-status» or «high-status» things. The level of high clarity was set by visual presentation of a specific person allegedly being a representative of the group sensitive to low or high frequency sounds. At the level of low and medium perceptual clarity, the Other was not presented visually. The study involved 305 students aged 17 to 22 (M = 19,21, SD = 0,97), 71 male and 234 female. It was found that cognitive styles were the most reliable predictors for stereotyping of the Other when his/her image was as depersonalized as possible, i.e. devoid of typological and visual certainty. The highest values of stereotyping were observed upon pronounced rigidity, field-dependence, impulsivity and cognitive simplicity. When a specified, visually defined Other was perceived, cognitive styles did not affect the stereotyping. Perceptual bias (ingroup favoritism) did not change under the influence of cognitive styles, regardless of the perceptual clarity level.

The paper deals with the problem of determining the zones of predictive accuracy of everyday perception. We studied implicit representations of women about the satisfaction with marriage among males with contrasting personality traits. The research involved 100 females aged from 17 to 48 (M = 22.11, SD = 4.23). At the first stage, the respondents filled out the Big Five-2 questionnaire. After that, they studied the responses to the same questionnaire supposedly given by a man with one of the four traits viv-idly expressed: extraversion, introversion, benevolence, or hostility. The participants were then asked to fill out the Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire in the way they thought this man would do it. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. It was found that women attribute the same level of satisfaction with mar-riage to extroverted and introverted men. These judgments appear to be based on a projection mechanism, which is manifested in the fact that subjects with high extraversion predict a more successful marriage for an extrovert, and introverted subjects attribute an equally successful marriage to both an introvert and an extrovert. Thus, taking the projective intervention into account, it can be concluded that the implicit theo-ry of the extraverted personality is consistent with research data on links between extraversion and sub-jective well-being. Women also ascribed significantly higher marital satisfaction to the benevolent men than to the hostile ones. This indicates that the implicit theory of benevolent personality does not repro-duce the objective variability of interpersonal interaction scenarios of such a personality. The results ob-tained expand the understanding of the implicit theories limitations and can be helpful in preventing cog-nitive distortions in the field of social perception.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related events have affected various areas ofsocial life. The natural processes of growing up and socialization of adolescents have also undergone a transformation. The consequences of this transformation will be observed for a long time to come. The article presents an empirical study conducted in 2 stages —before the official start of the pandemic in February 2019 and two years after its start in February 2022. The study involved 89 male respondents, students of a secondary voca-tional education institution. At the time of the first measurement, the average age of the participants was 17.21±0.51, and at the time of the second measurement —19.20±0.48. Diagnostics was carried out us-ing the following methods: Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Suicide Risk Questionnaire modified by T.N.Razuvaeva, Unified Methodology for Socio-Psychological Testingdeveloped by D.V.Zhuravlev and A.V.Kiseleva. Statistical analysis included intragroup comparison (Student's t-test, Wilcoxon's T-test) before and after the onset of the pandemic. Data analysis showed conflicting results. There was found nogeneral trend toward a decrease or increase in addictive manifestations. Possible reasons for the patterns obtained were considered in terms of the mutual influence of the pandemic processes and the natural processes ofgrowing up, as well as in the context of social interaction features in this age period.