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THIS AUTHOR CONTENDS THAT IN PARLIAMENT THERE HAS BEEN A STEADY INCREASE IN SUCCESSIVE GOVERNMENTS' USE OF DELEGATED LEGISLATION. PROCEDURES FOR SCRUTINIZING SUCH LEGISLATION HAD NOT BEEN EXAMINED IN DEPTH FOR FORTY YEARS. THE AUTHOR DESCRIBES THE PROBLEMS WHICH AROSE DURING THIS PERIOD OF NEGLECT AND COMMENTS UPON PARLIAMENT'S RECENT ATTEMPT TO TACKLE THOSE PROBLEMS.

Cover -- Half-Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 The Philosophical Problem -- 2 Defining Mental Handicap -- 3 The Moral Status of the Cognitively Disabled -- 4 Euthanasia, Abortion and Genocide -- 5 Cognitive Disability and Oppression -- 6 Theological and Religious Issues -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

This article addresses the relationship between political change and political culture at the end of Norman Sicily. It argues that one distinctive feature of that culture can be brought to light through an examination of the events of the 1190s, as processes of political restructuring gathered pace under the Staufen. The article begins from Peter of Eboli's Liber ad honorem Augusti. This text depicts a Norman political culture with considerable space for public assembly and interaction between populus and king. This was a model that allowed different religious and linguistic groups to be constituted in direct relationship to the king, without the formal mediation of institutional structures. Indications of a distinctively Norman Sicilian "public sphere" can be found in other texts of the period. Peter offered this to Henry VI, as a model the Staufen emperor could follow to demonstrate the legitimacy of his rule.

This article considers the developing role of the ius commune in twelfth-century Sicily through an examination of the text known as the Historia de Regno Sicilie. The text, a narrative history, has long been mined by historians as a document of mid-century political crisis in the kingdom. This article, however, argues that the Historia should be interpreted through a legal frame: its purpose can only be understood when it is read against twelfthcentury ordines iudiciarii. The Historia seeks to identify a set of normative rules for judicial conduct, invoking a specific and technical vocabulary. As such, it can be read as a document of the reception of Roman law in Sicily. The article then discusses how the Historia stands in relation to other evidence for the development of ius commune jurisprudence in the Norman regno, and the ways in which the text may provide a distorted picture of legal practice. Finally, it considers why an argument about procedural law should have been made in the form of a narrative history, and what this might suggest about broader trends in twelfthcentury thought.

Diffuse metal pollution from mining impacted sediment is widely recognised as a potential source of contamination to river systems and may significantly hinder the achievement of European Union Water Framework Directive objectives. Redox-transitional zones that form along metal contaminated river banks as a result of flood and drought cycles could cause biogeochemical changes that alter the behaviour of polyvalent metals iron and manganese and anions such as sulphur. Trace metals are often partitioned with iron, manganese and sulphur minerals in mining-contaminated sediment, therefore the dissolution and precipitation of these minerals may influence the mobility of potentially toxic trace metals. Research indicates that freshly precipitated metal oxides and sulphides may be more "reactive" (more adsorbent and prone to dissolution when conditions change) than older crystalline forms. Fluctuations at the oxic-anoxic interface brought about through changes in the frequency and duration of flood and drought episodes may therefore influence the reactivity of secondary minerals that form in the sediment and the flux of dissolved trace metal release. UK climate change models predict longer dry periods for some regions, interspersed with higher magnitude flood events. If we are to fully comprehend the future environmental risk these climate change events pose to mining impacted river systems it is recommended that research efforts focus on identifying the primary controls on trace metal release at the oxic-anoxic interface for flood and drought cycles of different duration and frequency. This paper critically reviews the literature regarding biogeochemical processes that occur at different temporal scales during oxic,reducing and dry periods and focuses on how iron and sulphur based minerals may alter in form and reactivity and influence the mobility of trace metal contaminants. It is clear that changes in redox potential can alter the composition of secondary iron and sulphur minerals and influence the sorption of toxic trace metals and susceptibility to dissolution when further redox potential changes occur. However further work is needed to determine:(i) The extent to which different duration and frequency of wet and dry cycles influences the dissolution and precipitation of iron and sulphur minerals in mining contaminated river bank sediment; (ii) The temporal effects on mineral reactivity (sorption capacity and susceptibility to dissolution); (iii) The key biogeochemical processes that control the mobility of contaminant trace metals under these dynamic redox potential conditions.

In the UK autism is classed as a disability under the Disability Discrimination Act 2005. Under the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001, higher education institutions in the UK are legally required to make reasonable adjustments for students with disabilities who are placed at a substantial disadvantage in comparison to students without disabilities. Despite the social difficulties associated with autism, and autistic students being at a heightened risk of dropping out of university, high-functioning autistic students are often high achievers academically. The National Audit Office recognises university as a desirable option for academically gifted students with autism. As there have been few studies directly examining the needs of autistic students in post-secondary education by established researchers, we undertook an online questionnaire survey of all UK universities, other than those under foreign ownership, to ascertain current levels of support for students with autism in higher education. This was followed up with Freedom of Information Act requests to establishments that did not respond to the survey. We report our findings based on responses from 99 universities out of approximately 160 establishments in total. As autistic university graduates are at a disadvantage when compared to their non-autistic peers in obtaining employment after graduation, we propose that all higher education establishments follow the government recommendation for providers of services not covered by the Autism Act 2009, but who support people into employment, to adopt the Statutory Guidance issued in connection with the Adult Autism Strategy. Universities should consider seeking accreditation under the National Autistic Society's accreditation scheme.