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This article analyzes the harmonization of governmental bureaucracy to achieve good governance. The results of this research show that some things that are related to good governance are public policies, participative public policies, reform of a governmental bureaucracy, and social empowerment. Public policies must be derived in a set of implementing guidelines and technical guidelines that apply internally in a bureaucracy. Apart from formally fulfilling society's public rights, inspiring public policies are involved in the development plans of a particular area. A clear and consistent instrument is also created to develop a mechanism of social participation. The reformation of governmental bureaucracy to achieve good governance is directed to the change process and the target achievement that includes: a) the actualization of a value system that becomes the basis and the reference for a behavioral system of good governance, b) structure: the state or social institutional order at every area unit, c) process (management in all of its functions, in the activity dynamics and the public and private entities), d) apparatus resources. Social empowerment through the good governance mechanism will lead to co-guiding, co-steering, and co-managing processes.Keywords: Bureaucratic Harmonization; Government; Good Governance. ABSTRAKArtikel ini menganalisis harmonisasi birokrasi pemerintah untuk mencapai tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa hal yang berkaitan dengan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik adalah kebijakan publik, kebijakan publik partisipatif, reformasi birokrasi pemerintahan, dan pemberdayaan sosial. Kebijakan publik harus diturunkan dalam seperangkat pedoman pelaksana dan pedoman teknis yang berlaku secara internal dalam birokrasi. Terlepas dari secara resmi memenuhi hak-hak publik masyarakat, kebijakan publik yang menginspirasi terlibat dalam rencana pembangunan daerah tertentu. Instrumen yang jelas dan konsisten juga diciptakan untuk mengembangkan mekanisme ...

The existence of this pandemic certainly has an impact on several things, one of which is in the legal realm, namely trials that are conducted virtually or online. Therefore, in this paper, we will discuss the implementation of virtual trials in Indonesian criminal law with several problem formulations, namely how the mechanism is carried out in the application of virtual court law in overcoming all criminal problems that exist in Indonesia, then in this study will discuss about What legal basis underlies the implementation of this virtual trial in Indonesia when examined in the Indonesian criminal law system. This research uses a qualitative normative legal research type. Normative legal research is a legal research conducted in a way such as conducting research on library materials or secondary data. In this research, law is often conceptualized as something that is written in legislation or as a norm which is a benchmark for human activities that are considered appropriate. The results of this study are first, trial activities are also influenced by various problems due to the Covid-19 pandemic, namely in the criminal process on the grounds that the limited period of detention is the basis for the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia to establish a virtual trial in accordance with the Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 Year 2019 on trial procedures but not in criminal justice.

In this study, the author must focus on legal and social issues that interact with law at the regional (local), national, regional, and international levels. This is to determine the extent to which legislation meets philosophical, sociological, and juridical values. we know that Indonesia is a country that adheres to the European Continental legal system or Civil Law, actually this system came from the Netherlands which at that time colonized Indonesia for more than 350 years, at that time the Dutch laid the legal foundation "Civil Law" is the oldest legal system and most influential in the world. This legal system stems from the Roman-German tradition. Around the 450th century BC, the Roman Empire made their first set of written rules called the "Twelve Tables of Rome". This Roman legal system spread to various parts of the world along with the expansion of the Roman Empire. This legal system was later codified by Emperor Justinus in the 6th century. The Corpus Juris Civilis was completed in 534 AD. When Europe began to have its own government, Roman law was used as the basis of the national laws of each country. Napoleon Bonaparte in France with its Napoleonic Code in 1804 and Germany with its Civil Code in 1896.

In this study, the author must focus on legal and social issues that interact with law at the regional (local), national, regional, and international levels. This is to determine the extent to which legislation meets philosophical, sociological, and juridical values. we know that Indonesia is a country that adheres to the European Continental legal system or Civil Law, actually this system came from the Netherlands which at that time colonized Indonesia for more than 350 years, at that time the Dutch laid the legal foundation "Civil Law" is the oldest legal system and most influential in the world. This legal system stems from the Roman-German tradition. Around the 450th century BC, the Roman Empire made their first set of written rules called the "Twelve Tables of Rome". This Roman legal system spread to various parts of the world along with the expansion of the Roman Empire. This legal system was later codified by Emperor Justinus in the 6th century. The Corpus Juris Civilis was completed in 534 AD. When Europe began to have its own government, Roman law was used as the basis of the national laws of each country. Napoleon Bonaparte in France with its Napoleonic Code in 1804 and Germany with its Civil Code in 1896.

Purpose of the study: This research aimed at highlighting the cultural implications in the context of the Dayak Tomun community in maintaining the management of land rights based on the customary in Lamandau, Indonesia. Methodology: This study used a quantitative doctrinal research method to look at the macro problems in legislation products and a qualitative non-doctrinal research method to look at the problems conceptualized at the level of microanalysis as a symbolic reality. Main Findings: This research revealed that the cultural approach perspective of the local indigenous people had an important role in the management of land rights. This study discovered the procedures for managing the people's customary land rights, which were simple and based on the local wisdom of the local community, which implied a philosophical meaning of belom behadat (living in traditions, obeying customs), human nature in protecting the realm from destruction. Applications of this study: The findings of this study may be useful for the government in Indonesia since the findings reveal information as regards the management of land rights viewed from not only the rules and laws, but also a form of behavior, actions, and actual and potential human interactions that will be patterned in the management of land rights of Dayak Tomun indigenous people. The cultural implications of the Dayak Tomun indigenous people in managing local land rights based on local wisdom are sacred. Novelty: Indigenous people's background has management procedures, which can be seen from the characteristics of traditional lands, such as the presence of planting and family tree. Meanwhile, the term in the management of land rights is a hereditary habit and contains legal values derived from beliefs (religion), customs, and social culture.

In 2019, presidential and legislative candidates were elected simultaneously on April 17, 2019. Likewise, students are given the right to choose the mind and critical spirit of problem formulations 1) What are the obstacles in implementing the 2019 simultaneous election according to Fakultas Syariah student Iain Ponorogo? 2) What are the factors of Fakultas Syariah student Iain Ponorogo so that they are interested in choosing the Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidate pair No. 1 and the candidate pair for President and Vice President No. 2? 3) What are the factors that make Falkutas Syariah student Iain Ponorogo in choosing a legislative candidate? This research is a qualitative research with the type of field research. Research results 1) The implementation of the 2019 general election students do not understand because the KPU does not provide socialization, unknown candidates, election violations, many KPPS officers have died which has been shown, the factor of the figure of the presidential and vice-presidential candidates is also their consideration in giving their voting rights, choosing candidates because they follow their parents. 3) The student factor chooses a candidate from if they know the candidate choosing from the vision and mission of the candidate, but if the candidate is not known to choose from a political party, he chooses because he gets basic food and money

This research discusses presidential elections and legislatures, especially selecting regional heads in Papua using the Noken system. Furthermore, related to the form of political education through Noken for Papuans. Important to study, given that Papua is a region that has unique characteristics compared to other regions. This type of research uses doctrinal research, with a normative juridical approach. The choice of methods using deductive thinking patterns, the positivity paradigm, is then analyzed Prespriktif descriptively. This study is the first to apply the use of Noken in Papua in the Regional Head Election using two systems, namely Noken Bigmen and hanging Noken. Noken Bigmen means that all votes are submitted or represented to the customary chairman. Meanwhile, residents can see the agreement and the vote. Second, the form of political education through the Noken system's use is the deliberation in consensus to determine a leader. The people fully believe in the chief of the tribe, who is a candidate who is considered acceptable and worthy of election. The consensus is the fourth incarnation of Pancasila. Keywords: Noken; Papua; Political Education.Penelitian ini membahas tentang pemilihan Presiden, Legislatif, khususnya pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Papua menggunakan sistem noken. Selanjutnya terkait bentuk pendidikan politik melalui noken bagi masyarakat Papua. Hal ini penting untuk dikaji, mengingat bahwa Papua merupakan wilayah yang memiliki karakteristik khusus dibanding dengan daerah lain. Jenis penelitian menggunakan penelitian doktrinal, dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Pilihan metode menggunakan pola berfikir deduktif, paradigma positifisme kemudian dianalisis dengan deskriptif presprektif. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah pertama, penerapan penggunaan noken di Papua dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah menggunakan dua sistem yaitu noken bigmen dan noken gantung. Noken bigmen artinya seluruh suara diserahkan atau diwakilkan kepada ketua adat. Sedangkan noken gantung warga dapat melihat kesepakatan dan ketetapan suara. Kedua, bentuk pendidikan politik melalui penggunaan sistem noken yaitu adanya musyawarah dalam mufakat untuk menentukan seorang pemimpin. Rakyat sepenuhnya percaya kepada ketua suku, siapa calon yang dianggap baik dan layak dipilih. Musyawarah untuk mufakat merupakan penjelmaan Pancasila sila ke empat.

This study aimed to explore local wisdom treasures related to the study of legal culture which was not widely known by the public. This study used a mix of anthropological and juridical philosophical methods. It used the socio-legal study approach conducted through direct exploration and structured interviews. Results showed that Dayak Bakumpai indigenous people highly uphold the inclusive cultural principles contained in the Huma Betang philosophies. One of the philosophies was the resolution of mining land conflicts, influenced by the culture's positive values. This value was adopted from an inclusive culture in the Belom Bahadat values that are upheld by the Bakumpai Dayak community. Meanwhile, conflict resolution was carried out through "Bahandep Bahapakat Rakat", which is a practice of helping each other in deliberations. This is so that the headman or local traditional leader can help people return to harmony.

This study aims to describe the pattern of legal relationships that occur in financing activities through qardhul hasan in the Sharia Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSPPS) located in Karanganyar Regency, based on the doctrinal (normative) approach method which prioritizes secondary data and analysis based on deductive logic. Based on the results of the research and discussion conducted, it was found that the norms used to regulate legal subjects, legal objects, rights and obligations of recipients of financing, KSPPS rights, Submission of Collateral, breach of contract, legal remedies and dispute resolution in general were in accordance with the norms -applicable norms and MUI DSN fatwas, although in some parts there are some things that are not in accordance with positive law and MUI DSN fatwas.

This article discusses consumer protection against skincare users. Skincare is a series of products that support skin health, improve appearance and maintain skin condition. Skin care products have different ingredients that skin needs. Skincare is a number of daily routine items carried out by a number of women, to achieve the desired results. It is this factor that attracts women to look for safe but effective skin care products in making white, eliminating dark spots, eliminating acne to blackheads in the female skin area. However, there are a number of individuals from skin care manufacturers making skin care with ingredients that are unsafe for skin health. Using empirical legal research method that is research that serves to look at the law in a clear sense and examine the role of law in society. Sociological law research, because it interacts with the community. This method is taken based on field facts. As for the results of this study, that a number of individuals from skin care manufacturers make products using ingredients that are not safe for the health of consumers' skin. Consumer protection is taken as any action and under the law, taken by the government with the aim of protecting consumers and obtaining legal certainty. To protect consumer rights, governments and consumers must play an active role, because businesses or manufacturers have many ways to trick consumers.Keywords: consumer protection; skin care products. Artikel ini membahas perlindungan konsumen terhadap pengguna skincare. Skincare adalah serangkaian produk yang mendukung kesehatan kulit, meningkatkan penampilan dan menjaga kondisi kulit. Produk perawatan kulit memiliki bahan berbeda yang dibutuhkan kulit. Skincare adalah sejumlah item rutin harian yang dilakukan oleh sejumlah wanita, untuk mencapai hasil yang diinginkan. Faktor inilah yang menarik wanita untuk mencari produk perawatan kulit yang aman namun efektif dalam membuat putih, menghilangkan bintik-bintik gelap, menghilangkan jerawat hingga komedo di area kulit wanita. Namun, ada sejumlah individu dari produsen perawatan kulit membuat perawatan kulit dengan bahan-bahan yang tidak aman untuk kesehatan kulit. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris yaitu penelitian yang berfungsi untuk memandang hukum dalam arti yang jelas dan meneliti peran hukum dalam masyarakat. Penelitian hukum sosiologis, karena pihaknya berinteraksi dengan masyarakat. Metode ini diambil berdasarkan fakta lapangan. Adapun hasil penelitian ini, bahwa sejumlah individu dari produsen perawatan kulit membuat produk menggunakan bahan-bahan yang tidak aman untuk kesehatan kulit konsumen. Perlindungan konsumen diambil sebagai tindakan apa pun dan berdasarkan undang-undang, yang diambil oleh pemerintah dengan tujuan melindungi konsumen dan mendapatkan kepastian hukum. Untuk melindungi hak konsumen, pemerintah dan konsumen harus berperan aktif, karena bisnis atau produsen memiliki banyak cara untuk mengelabui konsumen.

The democracy in Indonesia develops with the shift of people's behavior. People's social lifestyles have shifted with the use of social media and the digitalization process. In the last few years, there have been many cases of hashtag actions in social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. This is a new legal phenomenon in the practice of democracy, called digital democracy. In its practice, some problems occur. Thus, there need to be solutions so that digital democracy can run effectively and efficiently. There needs to be characteristics and forms of legal protection. This qualitative research uses the normative approach and the literature study analysis. Results show that after being compared to legal stipulations, doctrines of experts, and democratic principles, the characteristics of the digital democracy above are already according to the democratic norms, doctrines, and principles. Even though it has not yet been explicitly regulated, the legal stipulations in Indonesia may still be used to regulate and protect these practices. But, as a form of democratic dynamics, there need to be further regulations to handle the problems of the hashtag actions in social media, so that it may run well.

Legal positivism is influenced by natural law from Ancient Greece, natural law comes from God to regulate human life. Humans were created by reason by God to make rules, John Austin stated that to make a rule sourced from orders or policies in the field of law by the king or parliament as the highest authority. This influenced the thinking of Hans Klesen with a pure legal theory that complies with hierarchical rules and sanctions, Hart's legal positivism explains that law comes from morals that regulate one's behavior. This paper is in the form of legal research in literature studies in the form of books and journals that discuss positivism legal policy, which is legal research, then analyzed using the John Austin doctrine. The advantage of the influence of natural law on legal positivism according to Austin is that it divides the law into two forms, namely the law from God for humans (the divine law), the law created by God for His creatures. Laws are compiled and made by humans, which consist of: Laws that are actually positive laws (properly so called), and laws that are not actually laws (improperly so called). 2. The doctrine of legal positivism, state power must be limited and controlled by law, the state must be constructed as a state of law and not a state of power. Every citizen is considered to have the same position, law enforcers to think and act legally formalistically, by placing legal justice as the goal of law.

Legal positivism is influenced by natural law from Ancient Greece, natural law comes from God to regulate human life. Humans were created by reason by God to make rules, John Austin stated that to make a rule sourced from orders or policies in the field of law by the king or parliament as the highest authority. This influenced the thinking of Hans Klesen with a pure legal theory that complies with hierarchical rules and sanctions, Hart's legal positivism explains that law comes from morals that regulate one's behavior. This paper is in the form of legal research in literature studies in the form of books and journals that discuss positivism legal policy, which is legal research, then analyzed using the John Austin doctrine. The advantage of the influence of natural law on legal positivism according to Austin is that it divides the law into two forms, namely the law from God for humans (the divine law), the law created by God for His creatures. Laws are compiled and made by humans, which consist of: Laws that are actually positive laws (properly so called), and laws that are not actually laws (improperly so called). 2. The doctrine of legal positivism, state power must be limited and controlled by law, the state must be constructed as a state of law and not a state of power. Every citizen is considered to have the same position, law enforcers to think and act legally formalistically, by placing legal justice as the goal of law.

Pop-up advertisements have become prevalent on websites. When users click on the banner, they navigate a separate window; banner and pop-up advertisements contain attractive audio-visual and animated graphics. This intrusive advertising has not explicitly regulated Indonesia's current legislation, including Electronic Transaction and Information Law 11/2008 (ITE Law). Also, it is exempted in the Indonesian Pariwara Ethics, guidelines for advertising ethics and procedure in Indonesia. This study aimed to revisit consumers' protection toward pop-up advertisements in Indonesia, with two main discussions. First, it discussed online consumers' perceptions of pop-up advertisements and the classification of their responses. Second, it enquired to what extent the legal and ethics protection for online consumers in Indonesia. By using empirical legal research, this study concluded that the ITE Law prohibits anyone from spreading online information with content that violates immorality and gambling, as it often contains in pop-up advertisements. Through the lens of business ethics, pop-up advertisements are new media and they should not be installed in such a way as to interfere with the freedom of internet users, given that pop-up advertisements do not reflect the ethics of honesty, trust, and advice in business. KEYWORDS: Consumers' Protection, Online Advertisements, Business Ethics.