Employ of multivariate analysis and chemometrics in cultural heritage and environment fields
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 16, S. 13863-13865
ISSN: 1614-7499
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 16, S. 13863-13865
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 16, S. 13908-13920
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 16, S. 13866-13873
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 21, Heft 6, S. 4527-4538
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 92, S. 206-214
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Waste management: international journal of integrated waste management, science and technology, Band 31, Heft 11, S. 2253-2262
ISSN: 1879-2456
Different plastic toys are on sale in the Italian market: they are sold as souvenirs and/or as toys. Such statuettes, called Gongoli, represent a famous character (a soccer player, a politician, the Pope, etc.). In particular, these products are widely sold, but the material composition is not sufficiently defined. Further, the effect of the release of dangerous compounds on human health is not sufficiently documented. Following this hypothesis, a study on eight different statuettes was carried out both for evaluating the possible presence of heavy metals and for evidencing their release from these objects. Preliminary analysis by means of EDS spectroscopy highlighted the percentage chemical composition of different products, especially the presence of total Cr and Ni. Release tests evidenced the release of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb: Pb reached 74 mg kg(−1), which is an interesting value even if it is lower than reported in the legislation. This study should be considered preliminary due to its limitations, such as the number of items investigated and the large variability found for some elements, but it highlights a serious problem related to the classification of these products which are marketed as souvenirs but manipulated by children.
BASE
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 14, S. 13068-13079
ISSN: 1614-7499
An aerosol study was carried out in a test room measuring particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10, 4, 2.5 and 1 µm (PM(10), PM(4), PM(2.5), PM(1)) before and during the use of electronic alternatives to tobacco cigarettes (EATC) IQOS(®), GLO(®), JUUL(®), with different kinds of sticks/pods, as well as during the smoking of a conventional tobacco cigarette. The aerosol was mainly in the PM(1) size range (>95%). All studied EATCs caused lower indoor PM(1) concentrations than conventional tobacco cigarettes. Nevertheless, they determined a worsening of indoor-PM(1) concentration that ranged from very mild for JUUL(®)—depending on the pod used—to considerably severe for IQOS(®) and GLO(®). Median values ranged from 11.00 (Iqos3 and Juul2) to 337.5 µg m(−3) (Iqos4). The high variability of particle loadings was attributed both to the type of stick/pod used and to the different way of smoking of volunteers who smoked/vaped during the experiments. Moreover, during vaping IQOS(®) and GLO(®) indoor PM(1) concentrations reach levels by far higher than outdoor concentrations that range from 14 to 21 µg m(−3), especially during the exhalation of the smoke. From these results emerge an urgent need of a legislative regulation limiting the use of such devices in public places.
BASE
An aerosol study was carried out in a test room measuring particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10, 4, 2.5 and 1 m (PM10, PM4, PM2.5, PM1) before and during the use of electronic alternatives to tobacco cigarettes (EATC) IQOS®, GLO®, JUUL®, with dierent kinds of sticks/pods, as well as during the smoking of a conventional tobacco cigarette. The aerosol was mainly in the PM1 size range (>95%). All studied EATCs caused lower indoor PM1 concentrations than conventional tobacco cigarettes. Nevertheless, they determined a worsening of indoor-PM1 concentration that ranged from very mild for JUUL®—depending on the pod used—to considerably severe for IQOS® and GLO®. Median values ranged from 11.00 (Iqos3 and Juul2) to 337.5 g m3 (Iqos4). The high variability of particle loadings was attributed both to the type of stick/pod used and to the dierent way of smoking of volunteers who smoked/vaped during the experiments. Moreover, during vaping IQOS® and GLO® indoor PM1 concentrations reach levels by far higher than outdoor concentrations that range from 14 to 21 g m3, especially during the exhalation of the smoke. From these results emerge an urgent need of a legislative regulation limiting the use of such devices in public places.
BASE
The possibility to discriminate between different emission sources and between natural and anthropogenic contributions is a key issue for planning efficient air pollution reduction and mitigation strategies. Moreover, the knowledge of the particulate matter (PM) chemical composition for the different size fractions is recognized as increasingly important, in particular with respect to health effects of exposed population. This study is focused on the characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 main sources located in the Civitavecchia harbor-industrial area (Central Italy), namely a large coal-fired power plant, a natural gas power plant, the harbor area, the vehicular traffic (due to both the local traffic and the highway crossing the area) and small industrial activities. The approach was based on PM10/PM2.5 samples monthly collected for one year and a further relative chemical characterization of organic and inorganic fractions. Wind-select sensors, allowing a selective PM10 and PM2.5 sampling downwind to specific emission sources, were used for the overall sampling. This methodology manages to explain specific emission patterns and to assess the concentration levels of the micro pollutants emitted by local sources and particularly toxic for health. A descriptive statistical analysis of data was performed, also verifying the occurrence of legislative threshold exceedances. Moreover, in order to highlight the contribution of specific sources, the differences in the measured micro pollutants concentrations between wind directions, PM size fractions and sampling sites have been investigated, as well as the seasonal trends of pollutants concentrations. These results allow to highlight that the applied methodology represents a valid support in source apportionment studies.
BASE
The aim of the study was to analyze all powdered infant formulas authorized and commercialized in Italy at the time of the study to measure the concentrations of 40 elements, and to estimate the infants' intake of some toxic heavy metals for assessing possible related health risks. For this purpose, an optimized multi-element method was used through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Be, B, Al, Zr, Nb, Sb, Te, W, V, Cr and As concentrations were
BASE
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 239, S. 113619
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 15, S. 44234-44250
ISSN: 1614-7499