THE LANGUAGE SPHERE IN THE KABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC IN THE MASS PUBLIC OPINION: CONDITION AND POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN INTERACTIONS
In: Gumanitarij juga Rossii: Humanities of the south of Russia, Band 11, Heft 3, S. 144-154
ISSN: 2500-2155
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In: Gumanitarij juga Rossii: Humanities of the south of Russia, Band 11, Heft 3, S. 144-154
ISSN: 2500-2155
In: Sociologičeskij žurnal: Sociological journal, Band 25, Heft 1, S. 98-120
ISSN: 1684-1581
This article presents an analysis of the linguistic conflict in republics of the Russian Federation in 2017–2018. These contradictions can be reasonably interpreted as being a conflict. Three dimensions of the conflict are considered based on the example of the republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan. The institutional dimension lies within the contradictions between the Federal center and regions on based on legal discrepancies between regional and Federal legislation in the field of language and education. Legal practice has not been able to resolve these contradictions, because it did not have a single direction. The nature of interaction between the Federal center and republics when contradictions arise is connected to the obvious trends of centralization and the reduction of regions' authority. Analysis of contradictions at the level of "regional power – group of the population" leads to the conclusion that another significant reason for intensifying conflict lies within the continued lack of attention from regional authorities to issues concerning how part of the population perceives the language policy in education within the context of insufficient teaching of republican state languages. The "group – group" dimension consists of contradictions in the discourse between supporters of the compulsory study of official republican languages and supporters of the voluntary study of official languages. Language contradictions have led to activists and nationalists in the republics becoming more active (to varying degrees), while stimulating them to make new statements and partake in actions, which may have some impact on attitudes when it comes to interethnic relations and on the strengthening of ethnic borders.
In: Sociologičeskij žurnal: Sociological journal, Band 27, Heft 2, S. 173-182
ISSN: 1684-1581
The article presents the scientific biography of L.M. Drobizheva (1933–2021), who headed the Moscow School of Ethnic Sociology for many years. The article reveals the stages of the formation of ethnosociology in USSR and later in Russia — from its origin in the late 1960s as a method of field ethnographic research aimed at studying the ethno-social processes of Soviet society, to the formation by the end of the second decade of the XXI century as a branch sociological discipline that studies the processes and phenomena that arise in an ethnically marked social space. The article describes the transformation of the methodological approaches of the Moscow ethno-sociological school, the outstanding contribution of L.M. Drobizheva to the formation of the scientific method of the School, and its connection with social practice.
In: International journal of human rights, Band 25, Heft 5, S. 832-852
ISSN: 1744-053X
In: Vestnik Instituta sociologii: setevoj žurnal = Bulletin of the Institute of Sociology : online electronic journal, Band 12, Heft 2, S. 83-100
ISSN: 2221-1616
The article provides the analysis and comparison of the integration potential of the host society and migrants in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The analysis was carried out on the basis of two surveys: a representative survey of residents of the republic and a survey of labour migrants - immigrants from Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan). It is these categories of migrants that are most negatively perceived by the local population. The surveys were conducted in 2020. For a quantitative assessment of the integration potential, a set of questions-judgments was constructed, reflecting different parameters of this potential. Among them: the willingness of the host population to include migrants in their community and the corresponding judgment of migrants about their readiness to be included in the environment; judgment about the integration possibilities of migrants and the assessment by migrants of the acceptability of local standards of lifestyle, and others. Using the procedure of factor analysis, an indicator of the integration potential was formed.
It was revealed that among migrants the share of people with a high integration potential is significantly higher than in the host community. This means that migrants assess the receiving environment and their own integration prospects higher than local residents.
The high level of ethno-negative attitudes of the host community is accompanied by a low level of integration potential in relation to migrants. Such negativism is most often associated with a sense of cultural distance in the perception of migrants' behaviorur. At the same time, a pronounced focus on ethnicity in different contexts of social interaction is also associated with a low integration potential in relation to migrants and can be a source of the formation of stable xenophobic attitudes.
The high level of integration potential of migrants is primarily associated with long-term plans for life in Russia and this region, as well as with the presence of a family (in the region of residence or in the country of origin). Thus, for local communities, the main criterion for assessing migrants is the degree to which their behaviorur corresponds to local socio-cultural norms, and for migrants, the key criterion for assessing the host society is a measure of the possibility of a safe and materially prosperous life in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and in Russia as a whole. Such a difference in assessment criteria can create additional obstacles for both parties to active daily interaction in different areas inhibiting the processes of mutual integration.
In: Istoričeskaja ėtnologija: naučnyj žurnal, Band 9, Heft 3, S. 458-473
ISSN: 2619-1636
The article attempts to identify the influence of the urban environment on linguistic behavior and linguistic aspects of identity among Yakut people at the present time, as well as risk factors of urbanisation for the functioning of the Sakha language in expert assessments. Based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative assessments of the language situation and current problems in the language sphere in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2019 and 2022, it was concluded that due to the specifics of the socio-demographic, historical situation in the republic, the language sphere here is characterised by a high level of preservation and functionality of the Sakha language. Empirical evidence shows that language remains the most important identifier of ethnicity. For the vast majority of the Sakha, the Yakut language is the language of home communication (with differentiation of urban and rural populations); according to our data, the rural environment is actually completely Sakha-speaking. The use of the language in home communication and school education, support for the Yakut language at the republic-wide level, a large proportion of the rural population among the Sakha are significant factors in the preservation and development of the Sakha language. At the same time, the urban, or rather, the metropolitan environment in the republic is becoming a space for the development of discourses which postulate the importance of language as the main symbol of ethnicity and emphasise the damage inflicted on the Yakut language by the processes of urbanisation and universalisation of cultures.