Suchergebnisse

Abstract
The growing number of mountaineers (climbers and trekkers) makes the problem of human waste amount to a considerable size (in tonnes of faeces and cubic metres of urine) of environmental degradation. Purity in the high mountains depends mainly on the mountaineers visiting them (the rule of 'Leave No Trace'); however, if there is no assured suitable sanitation system, no mountaineer can be blamed for leaving human waste (faeces and urine), because the process of excretion cannot be stopped. The management can address the issue in three ways: complete (non–invasive), partial (superficial), and invasive. Those approaches have been elaborately explained in three case studies: Fuji–san (Japan), Yamunotri (India) and Kilimanjaro (Tanzania), respectively. Each of the places have been described based on the provided human waste disposal solutions, starting from the historical perspective and ending with the plans for future implementations, i.e. how it was, how it is, and how it will be. The results showed the improvement of understanding of the environmental pollution by human waste, at least from the management site. Decent changes have appeared in recent years–management bodies care more about human waste disposal. The authorities of mountain regions are gradually exchanging the old, leaking toilets for brand–new eco–friendly ones. Even if this process is slow–mostly because of economical limitations–management bodies appear to be noticing this threat. However, mountaineers do not always follow the implemented and recommended solution, as this study shows. The users should change their irresponsible behaviour, because even the best solutions in the case of human waste disposal in high–mountain conditions will fail if they do not follow the rules.

"This book brings together interdisciplinary perspectives to broaden understandings of poverty. It contains empirical and conceptual chapters on a range of topics highlighting the relationship between poverty and sustainability. It will be a helpful resource for students and researchers of sustainable and regional development, and tourism"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Introduction to mountaineering -- 2 Mountaineering as a form of tourism -- 3 Tourism experiences and behaviours in mountain areas -- 4 Impacts of mountaineering -- 5 Management practices in mountain regions -- 6 Conclusion and future outlook -- Index.

Introduction: Jones and Bui -- Overcoming Nature Conservation Barriers in China's Protected Area Network: From Forest Tourism to National Parks? : Chen, Xie, Jones and Jiao -- Japan's National Parks: Trends in Administration and Nature-based tourism: Jones and Kobayashi -- South Korea's System of National Parks and Nature-based tourism: Cooper and Jones -- Taiwan's National Network of Protected Areas and Nature-based tourism: Ki and Jones. .