This article argues that French novelist Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette occupies a central position in the canon of French women's writing, and that from this position her reception was deeply influential in the development of the myth of French singularity. After World War I, a style of femininity associated with Colette (natural, instinctive, antirational) became more largely synonymous with good French women's writing, and writers who did not correspond to the "genre Colette" were excluded from narratives of the history of French women's writing. Characteristics associated with Colette's writing did not shift drastically before and after the war, but, in the wake of the Great War, these characteristics were nationalized and became French.
The global meat production system is currently under pressure, particularly for its environmental and animal wellbeing impacts, as well as for the increasing protein demand worldwide. In this regard, cultured meat is currently a hot topic in the industrial, political, and societal arenas, revealing itself as the potential relief for the issues above. However, its high degree of novelty may hamper the extent of consumers&rsquo ; acceptance. This research assesses for which beliefs concerning intrinsic attributes and positive externalities, the provision of information is a sufficient tool for affecting the perception and acceptance of cultured meat on a panel of Italian consumers. Changes in perception and willingness to try, buy, and pay are assessed by measuring the variation before and after the provision of positive information related to the product. The results show that perception is affected by positive information concerning safety and nutritional characteristics, whereas the opposite occurs regarding the product flavor. Furthermore, findings reveal that, while the willingness to buy increases after providing positive information, the willingness to try does not. Finally, information on intrinsic attributes and positive externalities of the cultured meat would have to be combined with different approaches for further enhancement of consumers&rsquo ; perception and acceptance.
This paper is about the so-called "War of Ferrara" (1482-84), and explains not the military and political background, but focuses on the spying activities. Both opponents (the duke of Ferrara and his allies on the one hand, the Venetians on the other) used spies massively to gain information about the enemy. Sometimes peasants and miserable people collected and sold news to earn money, in a time of huge poverty; moreover, captured mercenaries revealed precious military details to the enemy. But the most fascinating espionage involves the court itself and its courtiers; the strict and deep links between these people, who had parenthood, business and friendship ties, made transmitting information quite natural, as it was maintaining it, even in wartime. The clearest example was Roberto Sanseverino, who after being appointed commander-in-chief of the Venetian army and allowed his sons to communicate with Ercole d'Este and his courtiers. ; Questo saggio è incentrato sulla guerra di Ferrara (1482-84), combattuta tra il duca Ercole I d'Este e i suoi alleati da una parte, e Venezia dall'altra; verranno esaminati non tanto gli aspetti politico-militari del conflitto, ma principalmente l'attività di spionaggio, che appare molto intensa da entrambe le parti. La trasmissione di informazioni sensibili avviene a vari livelli: in primo luogo da parte della popolazione più povera, indotta dalla miseria estrema a vendere informazioni al nemico, e inoltre da parte dei prigionieri di guerra. Ad un livello più elevato le informazioni circolano grazie alla fitta rete di legami sociali e di parentele presente all'interno dei ceti dirigenti e della società di corte, e che il conflitto può indebolire, ma non cancellare; si crea così tra gli opposti schieramenti una "zona grigia" di contatti che rendono piuttosto permeabile e fluido il fronte di guerra