Climate change is accelerating, putting crucial foundations of environmental, social, and economic growth in jeopardy. Climate change signals seem to be very real for many African countries. For several years, Somalia has been one of the countries that has faced unique climate variability and climate change problems duetoan extreme conflict, environmental degradation and a lack of a stable government. The aim of this study was to understand thepattern relationships between rainfall and temperature in past 1901 to 2015 through retrospective study design. The results show that climate variability was experienced t= 56.395, DF=10, P: 0.000, R=.526a, R2=.277, .205, Std.1.00820andF=3.834. Lastly, the study recommended that April and May are the best months for plantingcrops.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis strategi peningkatan pajak reklame, pajak restoran dan pajak hotel di Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Kolaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualititf dengan informan berjumlah sebanyak 6 orang yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi, Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif model interaktif yang mencakup pengumpulan data yang terintegrasi dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi peningkatan pajak reklame, pajak restoran, dan pajak hotel di Bapenda Kabupaten Kolaka yakni strategi berbasis demokrasi dan akuntabilitas yang mencakup penemuan, penilaian, pembebanan, sensitisasi, pengumpulan, dan kepatuhan, namun strategi-strategi tersebut seluruhnya belum terimplementasi secara optimal dan komprehensif. Kata Kunci: Strategi, Peningkatan, Pajak Daerah
In: Asiatische Studien: Zeitschrift der Schweizerischen Asiengesellschaft = Etudes asiatiques = Revue de la Société Suisse - Asie, Band 71, Heft 4, S. 1075-1091
Abstract Reading through the sources written in the Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517), one receives the impression that the political borders between the Mamluk and Ilkhanid realms were just that – in no ways cultural or even serious physical barriers. This paper will demonstrate this by focusing on the biography of Niẓām al-Dīn Yaḥyā al-Ṭayyārī (685–760/1286/7–1358/9~). His father served under the Ilkhans as a physician and scribe, while Niẓām al-Dīn grew up into the Ilkhanid elite and became a prolific calligrapher, scribe and musician in his own right, being especially close to the Sultan Abū Sa'īd and his vizier, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Muḥammad. After the death of Abū Sa'īd and the subsequent disintegration of the Ilkhanate, Niẓām al-Dīn made his way to the Mamluk Sultanate, where his artistic talents were very much appreciated, representing the glorious artistic tradition of the east. Despite his seemingly smooth reception in the ruling circles of the Mamluk Sultanate, Niẓām al-Dīn seems to have remained attached to his homeland, and to the lavish properties which he left behind him. He subsequently returned to Baghdad, where he was immediately reinstated to his former duties. Following and analyzing the career of Niẓām al-Dīn can grant insights into court culture of the Muslim world of his age, where similarities in taste and bureaucratic traditions probably outweighed the differences. We also learn about mobility, cultural exchange and artistic sensibilities between the two competing courts.
"This volume, a contribution to the emergent interdisciplinary field of Kurdish Studies, is an engagement with the politics, culture and history of the Kurds. Sections of the book treat the Kurds in medieval and modern history, including the contemporary 'Arab Spring', as well as their language, culture and geography and historiographical issues. Individual chapters focus on the rich cultural history of the Kurds, their language, literary history, their political struggle for self-determination and the participation of women in the resistance movement, and on the encounters of missionaries with Kurdish society as well as on the poetics and politics of the Kurds and Palestinians. The first section examines the contribution to Kurdish scholarship of Professor Amir Hassanpour to Kurdish scholarship, and this anthology is dedicated to his memory. Professor Hassanpour was a prominent Marxist scholar whose revolutionary commitment to preserve, enrich and expand Kurdish History, culture and struggle is inspirational"
"On the morning of Saturday, October 7, Amir Tibon and his wife were awakened by mortar rounds exploding near their home in Kibbutz Nahal Oz, a progressive Israeli settlement along the Gaza border. Soon, they were holding their two young daughters in the family's reinforced safe room, urging their children not to cry while they listened to the gunfire from Hamas attackers outside their windows. With his cell phone battery running low, Amir texted his father: "They're here." Some 45 miles to the north, on the shores of Tel Aviv, Amir's parents saw the news at the same time that they received Amir's note. Still dripping from an early-morning swim, they jumped in their car and raced toward Nahal Oz, armed only with a pistol--but intent on saving their family at all costs. In The Gates of Gaza, Amir Tibon tells his family's harrowing story in full for the first time, describing their terrifying ordeal--and the bravery that ultimately led to their rescue--alongside the histories of the place they call home and the systems of power that have kept them and their neighbors in Gaza in harm's way for decades, with no end in sight. This dynamic of purposeful hostility between Israel and its Palestinian neighbors will need to be fundamentally dismantled, he shows, if the region is to have any hope of peace. With deep sensitivity and drawing on Israeli and Palestinian sources as well as original interviews with the police officers and soldiers who fought alongside his parents on 10/7, Tibon offers an unsparing but ultimately hopeful view of this seemingly intractable conflict and its global reverberations"--
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During the 6th century AD, Īshōʿyahb I, Patriarch of the Church of the East, produced a code of law dealing with questions raised by Bishop Jacob of Darai in the Gulf. Perennial Church issues include priestly conducts, ecclesiastical rankings, and ordinations. Legal matters for the faithful concern wills, marriages, vows, lending at interest, and swearing. Most interesting are names of church architecture that the Code gives, including bema, diaconicon, and qestroma, terms that are still used today
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Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Narration -- Cinematic Language and the Representation of Reality -- Rebellion -- The (Re) Making of Counterculture -- Culture as Second-Order Observation and Culture as Rhizome -- First-Order Observation vs. Second-Order Observation: The World of Actuality vs. The World of Possibility -- Culture as Memory: The Most Topical Operation of Objection -- Culture as Rhizome -- The Line of Flight -- The War-Machine -- References -- Chapter 2: Counterculture as War-Machine: Egypt 2011 -- References -- Chapter 3: Film and Politics in Egypt -- The Monarchy and the Birth of National Cinema -- Nasser Era -- Sadat Era -- Mubarak Era and Egyptian Neorealism -- Youssef Chahine's Chaos (2007): An Uprising Is at the Door -- Censorship Under Al Sisi Regime -- References -- Chapter 4: Countercultural Films 2010-2016: Close Reading -- Ahmad Abdallah's Microphone (2010) -- Narration -- Opening Credits (00:00:07-00:03:36) and the First Sequence: Documentary or Feature? -- Cinematic Language and the Representation of Reality -- "For a Woman It Is" (00:27:54-00:30:42) -- Rebellion -- Project Ceen: Project Tahmeer (01:11:54-01:13:13) -- Ahmad Abdallah's Rags and Tatters (2013) -- Narration: Running Scared-The First Sequence (00:00:47-00:10:00) -- The Odyssey Begins (00:08:50-00:14:20) -- Cinematic Language and the Representation of Reality -- No Strangers Allowed: The Third Sequence (00:14:37-00:16:37) -- "So, People know What Happened.": The Last Stage of the Journey (01:02:00-01:20:02) -- Rebellion -- The Prodigal Son Comes Home: Silence as Force (00:17:29-00:22:14) -- Louder Than Words: Thou Shalt Not Be Heard (00:58:49) -- Hala Lotfy's Coming Forth by Day (2012) -- Narration -- The First Sequence (00:01:12-00:04:28) -- Cinematic Language and the Representation of Reality.
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