Suchergebnisse

Aims to increase awareness about the specific circumstances of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) diversity. Based on a wide array of literature this volume provides a global vision of this reality, explaining the evolution of homosexuality during history and reasons why it has been considered a sin, an illness and a crime.

Last decades have been characterized by growing attention on sustainable development. The European Commission interest in this topic is evident considering the global agreements and the related massive investments that have been, and still are, carried out to guarantee a sustainable approach to global growth. A contribution to pursue this challenging goal is provided by the EUfunded ReSHEALience Project (GA n° 760824). ReSHEALience Project aims at developing Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concretes with enhanced durability (Ultra High Durability Concrete – UHDC) that will be characterized by at least 30% longer service life as compared to traditional concretes. The increase of durability will be analyzed also from a sustainability point of view taking into account all the environmental, economic and social impacts, associated to the longer life-cycle of the structures. ; Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under GA No 760824. ; Peer reviewed

Genetic engineering has been a topic of discussion for over 50 years, but it is only recently that gene editing has become a reality. CRISPR biotechnologies have made gene editing much safer, precise and feasible. We have witnessed the first cases of human germline genetic modification resulting in live births, conducted by He Jiankui. In this paper, we will analyse He Jiankui's case in relation to one of the most difficult problems in procreative ethics (or the ethics of future generations): the non-identity problem. We believe that this analysis will help us to understand the ethics involved in gene editing and hopefully allow for a better, more philosophically grounded legislation on CRISPR and other gene-editing technologies.

Las tres marcas de la Iglesia calviniana (doctrina, sacramentos, disciplina) reformulan las tres potestades eclesiales clásicas reconocidas en la Iglesia católica: magisterial, sacramental y jurisdiccional. A diferencia de Lutero, que negó a la Iglesia todo poder que no fuera el de la predicación y enseñanza, Calvino reconoce no sólo la potestad doctrinal y sacramental a la iglesia, sino también una potestad jurisdiccional que supone la existencia de poder legislativo y judicial. La recuperación de la potestad eclesial es una de las herramientas fundamentales que permite a la comunidad eclesial reformada ocupar un papel protagonista al lado del Estado y explica la diferencia entre los modelos de relaciones Iglesia/Estado luterano y calvinista. --- I argue here that the three marks of the Calvininian church (doctrine, sacraments and discipline) restate the three classical powers attibuted to the Catholic Church: jurisdictional, sacramental and magisterial. Unlike Luther, for whom the only eclesiastical powers were the authority to preach and teach, Calvin not only acknowledges the magisterial and sacramental powers of the church, but considers also a jurisdictional power with legislative and judicial capability. This jurisdictional dimension is key to explain the role played by the Calvinist church viz a viz the State and its differences regarding other protestant creeds.

Artículo de la sección: Varia. ; El artículo trata de analizar y resaltar las especiales características que tuvo el gobierno de la isla Margarita en el siglo XVI, puesto que allí se dio una particular situación histórica que le confiere una marcada originalidad. Durante ese tiempo, la isla estuvo gobernada por varios miembros de una misma familia —los Villalobos—, que fueron heredando el cargo y dirigieron los destinos del territorio procurando velar por sus propios intereses al tiempo que promovían el desarrollo interno y encauzaban las relaciones con las áreas vecinas. Aunque seguramente, el aspecto más llamativo del gobierno margariteño en ese tiempo resida en la presencia de mujeres al frente del mismo. ; The article aims to discuss and highlight the special features of the Margarita Island government during the sixteenth century, since there, took place a particular historical situation that gives it a marked originality. During that time, the island was ruled by several members of the same family, the Villalobos family, who were inheriting the position and guided the fates of the territory, seeking their own interests while promoting domestic development and managing relations with the neighboring areas. Although surely the most outstanding aspect of the government at that time resides in the presence of women in charge. ; Departamento de Historia Moderna y de América, Universidad de Granada

Trabajo presentado en el XII DBMC - 12th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, celebrado en Oporto (Portugal), del 12 al 15 de abril de 2011 ; Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures is influenced by salt concentration in marine aerosol inland. This work analyses the behaviour of marine aerosol salinity in marine atmosphere zone in Brazilian coast and its interaction with concrete structures. Marine aerosol salinity was monitored on chloride concentration in marine aerosol by the wet candle method and chloride concentrations in concrete were periodically monitored by chloride profiles analysis. Results show a strong decrease in airborne salinity with the distance from the sea as well as in chloride penetration into concrete structures. However, this does not take pace at the same rate. Numerical extrapolations of chloride profiles in concrete over time, which took into account environmental and material data, show that chloride deposition rate on the wet candle can be used as an environmental indicator, helping to set different marine aggressiveness subzones in the studied region, with different material requirements for a required service life. ; The authors thank the Brazilian Government Agency for the Improvement of Graduated Professionals and Eduardo Torroja Construction Research Institute for partially supporting this research. The authors also thank the Bazilian National Institute of Meteorology for providing climatic data

This study has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement 764816 (CLEANKER Project) and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitivity (Grant ENE2015-68885-C2-1-R). We also acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).

This paper analyses the pre-professional journalistic culture of Ecuador, Cuba and Venezuela based on the degree of permissiveness held by Journalism students in regard to controversial ethical practices and their views of the media and the journalistic profession. We surveyed a probabilistic sample of 1,273 students from 21 universities enrolled on their first course (Ecuador=500, Venezuela=390, Cuba=383) in 2016. The results show that future journalists are reluctant to accept questionable journalistic practices, and hold a pessimistic view as to the quality and confidence of the media and the profession. We found that the degree of permissiveness is related to the perceived risk-reward analysis in terms of the quality of journalism in Cuba and Ecuador, and that the student perceptions of ethics differ in Venezuela and Ecuador. We conclude that, despite their political similarities in terms of having left-wing Governments, perceptions in the three countries diverge.

Trabajo presentado al Second Workshop of the HORIZON 2020 CEBAMA Project, celebrado en Espoo (Finlandia), del 16 al 18 de mayo de 2017. ; During the second year of the Cebama Project, the work performed by CSIC was focused in two directions: 1) Study of the long-term interaction of concrete with groundwaters: i) samples of the FEBEX shotcreted concrete plug, after 13 years in the Grimsel Test Site conditions under the interaction of the granite and bentonite porewaters, at the concrete / bentonite contact and ii) concrete of the HB6 cell, after 10 years operation with the interaction of clayey and bentonite porewater, and 2) short-term interaction, under percolation tests, of aged or new high-pH (hpH) and low-pH (lpH) concretes. The general objective is to analyse the performance of different concrete types in real and simulated deep geological repository conditions. In the long term studies, the interaction of the concrete of the Febex concrete with the bentonite porewater has caused additional ettringite formation due to the sulphate penetration from the saturated bentonite. This ettringite formation has been evidenced from the concrete / bentonite Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) towards 1 cm inside the concrete. Alterations of the C-S-H enriched in Al and portlandite dissolution was also observed. Additionally, Cl diffusion from bentonite up to 5 cm inside the concrete was evident with Friedel salt formation. The pore structure of the concrete was affected with increase of micropores. In HB6 concrete the clayey and bentonite waters lead also to new ettringite formation, pH decrease and portlandite dissolution. In the short-term percolation tests a decrease in the pH of the percolated liquid was observed from hpH concrete with a sharp decay to that of Grimsel granite water pH. While the pH of percolated liquid remains unchanged with the lpH concrete. The first results of the short-term interaction between concrete and granite groundwater showed the formation of more ettringite in FEBEX hpH as consequence of the particular concrete composition that favours the movement of sulphates and Al to form new ettringite. Although the pore pH decreases below portlandite stability the bulk concrete still remains alkaline. On the contrary in Äspö lpH no new solid phases have been detected and alkalies are not leached. Longer and deeper studies are in way. ; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Reasearch and Training Programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) (H2020-NFRP-2014/2015) under grant agreement n° 662147 (CEBAMA).