Paleolithic Site of Ust-Kova: Controversial Research Problems
In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 25, S. 14-18
ISSN: 2658-6193
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In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 25, S. 14-18
ISSN: 2658-6193
In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 30, S. 1015-1018
ISSN: 2658-6193
The article provides a 2024 field study of two hearts with a concentric stone filling which were found during excavations of the Afontova Gora V (Radishcheva) site in Krasnoyarsk. The hearts were located at a distance of 32 m from each other along the SW–NE line on the surface of a terrace, 60 m over the modern edge of the Yenisei River. In both cases, large fragments of rolled sandstone tiles and large boulders were used as a filling, usually placed vertically or at a high angle along the sides of the pits. All stones intended for the hearths were brought from the bank of Yenisei. Fragments of reindeer bones were laid along the bottom of hearth 1, then later covered with a large flat boulder fragment, which may indicate the "conservation" of the extinguished hearth. A core found in the western part of the fence suggests its subsequent use as a "storage". In hearth 2, an accumulation of reindeer bones was also found on the surface of the hearth filling, covered by boulder fragments. The construction of hearths with the concentric filling (in this case, of the "rosette" type) is a sign of the Kokorevo archaeological culture of the Middle Yenisei region, which is confirmed by the nature of the lithic inventory from both parts of the site. Today, there is no data on the age of the hearths and, thus, on the chronological gap between them, but they likely belong to the same community united by both specifics of the stone industry and techniques for creation and operation of the hearths, as well as certain ritual activities associated therewith.
In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 27, S. 871-877
ISSN: 2658-6193
Discovered in 2019 Late Paleolithic site Ovrazhnaia is the utmost western point of archaeological heritage site OAH "Afontova Gora IV" on the territory of Krasnoyarsk city. Rescue archaeological research of the site Ovrazhnaia has been carried out for two years (2020-2021) on the territory allocated for the construction of the highway. In 2021, relatively detached archaeological complexes with dwelling and production areas with hearths, game animals butchering areas and stone production workshops were unearthed within the excavated section of about 11 000 sq. m. Five thousand stone artefacts and more than 15 thousand faunal remains were discovered in total. The most significant discovery is a pit (hearth?) with stone walling and humous filling in it. Multiple fossilized hare bones (at least 25 animals) and a significant inventory of stone tools were found on the bordering area of about 300 sq. m. The stone inventory of Ovrazhnaia site includes almost all known types of the Late Paleolithic tools in Siberia: cores for large and middle-size blades, wedge-shaped microcores, side-scrapers, end-scrapers, burins, chisel-like tools, knives, hammer stones, choppers. Slotted tools, points, hammer stones (strikers) are made of reindeer antlers; long bones were used to manufacture needles and a needle case. Faunal remains are mainly represented by the reindeer and hare bones, rarely - red deer, horse, bison, mammoth (fragments of mammoth tusk).Nowadays, the Late Paleolithic site Ovrazhnaia (OAH "Afontova Gora IV") is the most informative site on the territory of Krasnoyarsk city.
In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 30, S. 1019-1027
ISSN: 2658-6193
The article reviews the results of a field study of the southern sector of the "Krasnoyarsk. Afontova Gora V" site located on a part of the Radishcheva street in the Nikolayevka microdistrict. The total area uncovered by excavations and pits is 6 336 sq. m. Cultural layer 1 was recorded in the eastern part of excavation 2 and preliminarily dated to the Pleistocene – Holocene boundary. The main cultural layer 2 marked along the gentle slope of the terrace on an area of about 500 sq. m in excavation 2. Two hearths with the concentric stone masonry and adjacent production sites have been excavated here (western and central sections). The total number of stone artifacts exceeds 12 thousand items. The collection includes cores for large blades, wedgeshaped microcores, scrapers, burins, points, and pebble tools. A fragment of cultural layer 3 was found in the southern part of the central section, which is typologically identical to the overlying cultural layer 2. Based on the stone equipment analysis and the construction of hearths, cultural layers 2 and 3 can be attributed to the Kokorevo archaeological culture. At the same time, the presence of foreign cultural impurities on the southern slope is possible, which is manifested in the typology of stone collection that is more typical of the Afontovo sites. The composition of faunal remains for cultural layers 2 and 3 is homogeneous: fragments of reindeer bones absolutely predominate. In the pits outside the excavation area, isolated finds (scraper, flakes, fragments of bison and reindeer bones) at a depth of 4.5–5.5 m (cultural layer 4), preliminarily dated to the early Sartan period, were found.
In: Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories, Band 24, S. 165-168
ISSN: 2658-6193