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Social media data (SMD) have become an important data source in the social sciences. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences and practices of researchers working with SMD in their research and gain insights into researchers' sharing behavior and influencing factors for their decisions. To achieve these aims, we conducted a survey study among researchers working with SMD. The questionnaire covered different topics related to accessing, (re)using, and sharing SMD. To examine attitudes toward data sharing, perceived subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, we used questions based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). We employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses. The results of the qualitative analysis show that the main reasons for not sharing SMD were that sharing was not considered or needed, as well as legal and ethical challenges. The quantitative analyses reveal that there are differences in the relative importance of past sharing and reuse experiences, experienced challenges, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control as predictors of future SMD sharing intentions, depending on the way the data should be shared (publicly, with restricted access, or upon personal request). Importantly, the TPB variables have predictive power for all types of SMD sharing.

Existing question data banks for social science survey research mainly operate at the national level. National question data banks serve their constituent research communities and only include questions from surveys that have been conducted within their own countries. This limits the pool of available questions to draw from, as well as possibilities for cross-national comparative research, an increasingly important aim of social science investigation. The CESSDA EuroQuestion-Bank (EQB) project implements a cross-national question bank with a central search facility across all CESSDA's survey holdings to display survey questions in different languages in a user-friendly application. A wide variety of surveys, survey questions, and question-related information are provided by CESSDA Service Providers (SPs), who contribute their documentation by using DDI standardized metadata. This paper outlines functionalities of the EQB application, technical aspects of the EQB architecture and introduces the EQB metadata schema.

Purpose: Open data and data sharing should improve transparency of research. This article investigates how different institutional and individual factors affect the data sharing behavior of authors of research articles in sociology and political science. Design/methodology/approach: Desktop research analyzed attributes of sociology and political science journals (n=262) from their websites. A second dataset of articles (n=1011, published 2012-2014) was derived from ten of the main journals (five from each discipline) and stated data sharing was examined. A survey of the authors used the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine motivations, behavioral control and perceived norms for sharing data. Statistical tests (Spearman's rho, Chi-square) examined correlations and associations. Results: Although many journals have a data policy for their authors (78% in sociology, 44% in political science), only around half of the empirical articles stated that the data was available, and for only 37% of the articles could the data be accessed. Journals with higher impact factors, those with a stated data policy, and younger journals were more likely to offer data availability. Of the authors surveyed, 446 responded (44%). Statistical analysis indicated that authors' attitudes, reported past behavior, social norms and perceived behavioral control affected their intentions to share data. Research limitations/implications: Less than 50% of the authors contacted provided responses to the survey. Results indicate that data sharing would improve if journals had explicit data sharing policies but authors also need support from other institutions (their universities, funding councils, professional associations) to improve data management skills and infrastructures. Originality/value: This article builds on previous similar research in sociology and political science and explains some of the barriers to data sharing in social sciences by combining journal policies, published articles, and authors' responses to a survey.

Data from online survey among authors of the social sciences using social media data for their research and having published journal articles based on social media data between 2018 and 2021. The questionnaire consists of several closed and open-ended questions in seven main sections: a) data acquisition and use of secondary data, b) past data sharing behaviour, c) data sharing intentions, d) data documentation, e) use of other forms of data, f) personality and g) demography. The questions to measure factors that influence researchers' data sharing decisions were designed using the Theory of Planned Behavior (Icek Ajzen).

Data from online survey among authors of the social sciences using social media data for their research and having published journal articles based on social media data between 2018 and 2021. The questionnaire consists of several closed and open-ended questions in seven main sections: a) data acquisition and use of secondary data, b) past data sharing behaviour, c) data sharing intentions, d) data documentation, e) use of other forms of data, f) personality and g) demography. The questions to measure factors that influence researchers' data sharing decisions were designed using the Theory of Planned Behavior (Icek Ajzen).

The empirical social sciences largely rely on the collection and analysis of research data. In recent years, several recommendations on the more open sharing of research data have been published. These recommendations aim at making science more transparent and replicable. In reality, however, many important research datasets are still not accessible. The project investigates how different factors influence the data sharing behavior of the authors of research papers in sociology and political sciences. It starts with an analysis of journal attributes and the articles published by selected journals to show how authors deal with their data. Second, a survey among the authors is conducted based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. This shows how personal characteristics are related to authors' data sharing behavior.

A newer version of this dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.7802/2284

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The empirical social sciences largely rely on the collection and analysis of research data. In recent years, several recommendations on the more open sharing of research data have been published. These recommendations aim at making science more transparent and replicable. In reality, however, many important research datasets are still not accessible. The project investigates how different factors influence the data sharing behavior of the authors of research papers in sociology and political sciences. It starts with an analysis of journal attributes and the articles published by selected journals to show how authors deal with their data. Second, a survey among the authors is conducted based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. This shows how personal characteristics are related to authors' data sharing behavior.