Suchergebnisse

Growth in per-capita taxes between 1970 and 1980 is analyzed for a group of 28 large cities. Investigating the effect of tax-base composition on long-run growth reveals higher rates of tax growth for low-property-tax cities, which is partly explained by recession-induced tax increases. Such increases are not rescinded during subsequent periods of economic expansion, and the net effect is a ratcheting phenomenon in local tax growth similar to that observed for state governments. Policy considerations support the need for better financial management practice, further consideration of a countercyclical revenue sharing program, and more careful attention to variations in local tax structures in modeling local government fiscal behavior.

Die Volkszählung über die Periode der 70er Jahre in den USA hat bezüglich der 55 großen Städte ergeben, daß sich die wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Bedingungen in diesen Städten gegenüber ihren Vororten verschlechtert haben. Die Lebensbedingungen in den größten dieser Städte haben sich dabei gegenüber den anderen schneller verschlechtert. Eine Aktualisierung der betreffenden Daten für die 80er Jahre ergab, daß sich dieser Trend mit wachsender Tendenz fortgesetzt hat. (SWP-Bmt)

The issue of paternity establishment is central to current concerns about child support, & figures prominently in current welfare reform efforts. Here, 652 cases from the welfare agency in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, are used to evaluate procedures for expediting paternity establishment. At the implementation stage, complex interorganizational dependencies arise that are likely to limit the impact of mandated performance standards & associated sanctions directed at state & local child support agencies. As to the impact on paternity establishment outcomes, interventions directed at expediting administrative processes are likely to have a positive effect. However, the results of the demonstration indicate that noncooperative behavior among a significant portion of the client population is likely to seriously limit the effectiveness of expedited processes. 4 Tables, 20 References. Adapted from the source document.