В статье рассматриваются вопросы, какие публично-властные институты и в каком режиме участвуют в выработке экономической политики, насколько процесс выработки этой политики регулируется законодательством и насколько вообще целесообразно его регулировать. Автор также рассматривает желательные и существующие в современной российской действительности условия выработки экономической политики и возможности соблюдения требования преемственности. ; The article tackles the following questions what public authority institutions and to what extent they are involved in developing economic policy, to what extent the process of developing this policyis subject to the laws and ifit is necessaryto regulate it. The author also suggests conceptual and existing in modern Russia conditions of working out economic policy and the importance to follow the requirement of succession.
В статье рассматривается предназначение депутатского запроса как контрольной функции органа законодательной власти, его регулирование в российском законодательстве, соотношение запроса как формы деятельности депутата Государственной Думы или гарантии деятельности Государственной Думы, депутатского и парламентского запросов, содержание запроса, регулирование ведомственными актами ответов на депутатские запросы. ; The article is devoted to inquiry of deputy as a control function of legislative power institute, and to its regulation in Russian legislation. Author looks at deputy inquiry as at form of deputy activities in State Duma and as of guarantee of activity of State Duma itself. He studies correlation of inquiry of individual deputy and of parliament, content of inquiry, legal regulation of answering such inquiries.
В статье ставится проблема соотношения социокультурных и институциональных факторов, приведших к извращению смысла и духа Конституции РФ. Автор, сопоставляя разные проекты конституции в 1992-93 гг., а также анализируя заключительную стадию подготовки текста Конституции РФ 1993 года и реальную конструкцию власти, закрепленную в действующей Конституции, приходит к выводу о том, что при всей важности объективного фактора традиций, стереотипов, доминирующих в российском обществе и т.п., субъективный фактор, выразившийся в конкретных политических условиях разработки Конституции, во многом обусловил существующий политический режим монопольной власти. ; Author looks at a problem of correlation between socio-cultural and institutional factors distorting sense and spirit of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of the constitutional projects, preliminary discussions and real construction of mechanism of power gives a following conclusion. Although social traditions and stereotypes dominating in the mass mentality are important enough, crucial role in current personal regime emergence belongs to subjective (personal) factor. This factor has influenced decisively on political environment of constitutional elaboration.
Обзор докладов на секции «Право» Международной научной конференции, состоявшейся в Государственном университете Высшей школе экономики при Правительстве РФ 7 9 апреля 2009 г. Секция состояла из сессий «Правовые стимулы социальной активности» и «Эффективность закона как фактора развития экономики» и круглого стола «Право и экономика» ; A report on addresses presented at panel «Law» of International scholar conference held in State University Higher School of Economics under Government of Russian Federation, April 7 9, 2009, Moscow. The panel included sessions under the titles «Legal stimulus of social activity» and «Efficiency of law as factor of economic development» and round table «Law and economу»
Public service reform in Russia is inevitable, otherwise the problems will continue to pile up for public service and this may result in further public administration deterioration. But how to tackle these problems and how to conduct public service reform? Should the world experience be applied or not? It seems that the Russian experience of the past decade gave the answer. The initial attempts to reform public service in Russia are already based on the world experience, with parts of it applicable to Russian practices being used. To stabilize the reforming process it is imperative to give due consideration to the risks of reform, based on their historical analysis, a thorough study of their roots and a search for possible ways to eliminate these risks. It seems, it is true not only for Russia but it also applies to every country conducting public service reform. Speaking of Russia, it is public administration incompetence to launch and conduct such researches, and, especially, to take the achieved results into account, that puts the current public service reform at risk. Neither "lessons of the past", nor modern negative trends, changes in the structural and functional profiles of public service (ageing staff, gender discrimination, low payment, lack of continuity and etc.) receive adequate consideration in the course of reform. Inattention to the risks of public service reform along with the existent political, social and economic, organizational and legal risks is likely to set back a reforming process. Frequent local initiatives can serve as an example for spontaneous reforms being carried out under the existing circumstances with simultaneous federal initiatives. It means that a number of local or even municipal bodies set up working groups to launch their own programs on modernization of the state apparatus without federal center coordination and timely and systematic control by the expert community preparing reforming initiatives at the federal level. These facts signify a lot. The positive side includes the emergence of civil society and social responsibility, with grass-root pressure making the government improve itself, but on the other hand, it may result in the loss of control, the disintegrated and fragmented public service, including legislation. In addition, due to the neglected risks, systemic top-down reform initiatives face serious challenges and as a result the pace of the reform is very slow. The Concept of Civil Service Reform of the Russian Federation, ratified by the President of the Russian Federation in 2001, appears to be the legal regulation that reflects the expert community consensus on the goals and the course of the reform. But, at the same time, public service reform, as a process of complex and structural changes, confronts substantial risks. The protection of vested bureaucratic interests at any time may jeopardize the activity of the large expert groups, including highranking officials, deeply involved in the reforming process. Thus, the main idea of the reform is featured in the Program. The basic goals of the reform may be formulated as follows: to optimize the federal public servant headcount; to define powers and responsibilities of public servants; to create conditions for openness and accountability of state bodies administrations and public servants to civil society; to develop public service resources; to improve the efficiency of personnel policy and the quality of employee structure of the federal public service; to implement mechanisms for identifying and solving public service-related conflicts of interests, to introduce a legal regulation of professional ethics of public servants; to develop a public service administration system. It is almost impossible to predict the outcome of the reform in terms of ideals of a democratic society, as the Program lacks definite criteria for matching the goals and the results. Only in the process of the Program implementation it is envisaged to establish such criteria. However, the permanent social and expert monitoring of the process is crucial to achieve it. Evidently, there is a good chance of the risk of turning public service reform into a technocratic project. In order to avoid it the following is essential: 1) to apply positive foreign experience by introducing a kind of political patronage over public service reform; 2) to ensure openness (publicity) of the reforming process which is imperative for the positive outcome of public service reform.
