Suchergebnisse

América del Sur experimentó en los últimos veinte años un proceso de reconversión de la infraestructura de transporte, energía y comunicaciones que ha rediseñado las dinámicas de los flujos regionales y que se inscribió en el marco de un proceso de debate y transformación de los paradigmas de integración.
La Iniciativa para la Integración en Infraestructura Regional Suramericana puede caracterizarse como el proyecto de interconexión física más importante desarrollado en la historia de América del Sur, con un fuerte impacto en el ordenamiento del territorio y determinado sobre todo por las dinámicas del mercado internacional.
La integración en infraestructura no se desarrolla al margen de las disputas geopolíticas y los intereses económicos de los principales actores del sistema internacional. Sin embargo, la iniciativa ha logrado avanzar pese a los cambios en las relaciones de fuerza en diversas escalas, ampliando incluso su cartera de proyectos de manera significativa y transitando del regionalismo abierto a proyectos de integración más autónomos como la Unión Suramericana de Naciones, sin alterar sus ejes de articulación territorial ni sus proyectos prioritarios.
Este trabajo aborda de manera articulada la dimensión histórica de la integración con el impacto geográfico de las mega obras de infraestructura en la región.

El procedimiento administrativo común es un conjunto secuencial y normado de actos, tramitados ante autoridad administrativa, para la formación o impugnación de un acto administrativo. En este procedimiento administrativo, el Estado deberá someterse al principio de legalidad y la actividad reglada, considerada como un mecanismo de proscripción de la arbitrariedad de la administración. La seguridad jurídica es una institución del debido proceso, garantía que informa a los ciudadanos sobre el contenido del ordenamiento jurídico y limita el ejercicio de las autoridades públicas. La correcta aplicación e interpretación de las normas, genera seguridad jurídica en sede administrativa, para dar certeza de los derechos propios de cada administrado. En igual forma se analiza el desarrollo del procedimiento administrativo en parte de la legislación internacional y nacional. Por lo expuesto, el histórico exceso legislativo ecuatoriano en la expedición y aprobación de leyes, generan un laberinto de disposiciones contradictorias entre ellas, afectando la seguridad jurídica en sede administrativa. Mediante la implementación del Código Orgánico Administrativo, se pretendió unificar y simplificar los largos, diversos; e, inútiles procedimientos que debía llevar a cabo la administración pública ecuatoriana, desde hace décadas atrás. El Código Orgánico Administrativo trae un sin número de cambios en el Derecho administrativo procedimental, al cumplir una finalidad noble de constituirse en una disposición legal que regula la organización administrativa y sus procedimientos, evitando el abuso del poder, para que sea la misma función ejecutiva quien adecue la disposición legal que norma su actuación. Sin embargo, el Código Orgánico Administrativo, no es la norma que ha logrado la anhelada unificación del procedimiento administrativo común, en virtud de las diversas materias excluidas de su regulación, el retroceso de los derechos de los ciudadanos; y, sus graves contradicciones normativas. La presente investigación demuestra el estado de regulación del procedimiento administrativo común, después del Código Orgánico Administrativo, analizando leyes que también regulan dichos procedimientos.

Elisa Guerra fue nombrada "Mejor Educadora en Latinoamérica" en el 2015 por el Banco Interamericano para el Desarrollo, en su conferencia

El presente trabajo de investigación es una aproximación metodológica al estudio de conflictos ambientales. Desde los aportes de la geografía crítica y la ecología política se estudian los mismos analizando la interrelación entre actores con distintos intereses y grados de poder, así como también con concepciones divergentes sobre el valor de la naturaleza. A partir de la metodología propuesta se aborda el conflicto en torno al monocultivo forestal en la provincia de Misiones, mediante el análisis de documentos oficiales de organismos como MINAGRI, Subsecretaría de Desarrollo Foresto-Industrial, la normativa nacional vigente, documentos de movimientos socioterritoriales, entre otras fuentes. Los resultados del trabajo son un aporte al estudio de la relación entre los procesos de transnacionalización, las dinámicas globales y la intensificación de conflictos ambientales en la Argentina reciente. ; The aim of this article is a methodological approach to the study of environmental conflicts. From critical geography and political ecology, they are studied by analyzing the interrelation between actors with different interests and degrees of power, as well as divergent conceptions about the value of nature. Based on the proposed methodology, the conflict about forest monoculture in the province of Misiones is analyzed. It is based on the analysis of official documents of organizations such as MINAGRI, Sub-Secretary of Industrial Forestry Development; current national regulations; documents of socioterritorial movements, among other sources. The results of the article are a contribution to the study of the relationship between transnationalization process, global dynamics and the intensification of environmental conflicts in current Argentina. ; 12-27 ; anafernt@yahoo.com.ar ; alvaroa22@yahoo.com.ar ; micaelazabalza@gmail.com ; dafnealomar@gmail.com ; Semestral ; http://www.saber.ula.ve/regeoven/

Data-driven algorithms have surpassed traditional techniques in almost every aspect in robotic vision problems. Such algorithms need vast amounts of quality data to be able to work properly after their training process. Gathering and annotating that sheer amount of data in the real world is a time-consuming and error-prone task. These problems limit scale and quality. Synthetic data generation has become increasingly popular since it is faster to generate and automatic to annotate. However, most of the current datasets and environments lack realism, interactions, and details from the real world. UnrealROX is an environment built over Unreal Engine 4 which aims to reduce that reality gap by leveraging hyperrealistic indoor scenes that are explored by robot agents which also interact with objects in a visually realistic manner in that simulated world. Photorealistic scenes and robots are rendered by Unreal Engine into a virtual reality headset which captures gaze so that a human operator can move the robot and use controllers for the robotic hands; scene information is dumped on a per-frame basis so that it can be reproduced offline to generate raw data and ground truth annotations. This virtual reality environment enables robotic vision researchers to generate realistic and visually plausible data with full ground truth for a wide variety of problems such as class and instance semantic segmentation, object detection, depth estimation, visual grasping, and navigation. ; This work has been funded by the Spanish Government TIN2016-76515-R Grant for the COMBAHO project, supported with Feder funds. This work has also been supported by three Spanish national grants for Ph.D. studies (FPU15/04516, FPU17/00166, and ACIF/2018/197), by the University of Alicante Project GRE16-19, and by the Valencian Government Project GV/2018/022.

Over the last two decades, a wide range of applications have been developed from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. Most LiDAR-derived products require the distinction between ground and non-ground points. Because of this, ground filtering its being one of the most studied topics in the literature and robust methods are nowadays available. However, these methods have been designed to work with offline data and they are generally not well suited for real-time scenarios. Aiming to address this issue, this paper proposes an efficient method for ground filtering of airborne LiDAR data based on scan-line processing. In our proposal, an iterative 1-D spline interpolation is performed in each scan line sequentially. The final spline knots of a scan line are taken into account for the next scan line, so that valuable 2-D information is also considered without compromising computational efficiency. Points are labelled into ground and non-ground by analysing their residuals to the final spline. When tested against synthetic ground truth, the method yields a mean kappa value of 88.59% and a mean total error of 0.50%. Experiments with real data also show satisfactory results under visual inspection. Performance tests on a workstation show that the method can process up to 1 million points per second. The original implementation was ported into a low-cost development board to demonstrate its feasibility to run in embedded systems, where throughput was improved by using programmable logic hardware acceleration. Analysis shows that real-time filtering is possible in a high-end board prototype, as it can process the amount of points per second that current lightweight scanners acquire with low-energy consumption ; This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport, Government of Spain (Grant Number TIN2016-76373-P), the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria (accreditation 2016–2019, ED431G/08, and ED431C 2018/2019), and the European Union (European Regional Development ...

Following the trend of other safety-critical industries like automotive and avionics, the space domain is witnessing an increase in the on-board computing performance demands. This raise in performance needs comes from both control and payload parts of the spacecraft and calls for advanced electronics systems able to provide high computational power under the constraints of the harsh space environment. On the non-technical side, for strategic reasons it is mandatory to get European independence on the used computing technology. In this project, we study the applicability of embedded GPUs in space, which have shown a dramatic improvement of their performance per-watt ratio coming from their proliferation in consumer markets based on competitive European technology. To that end, we perform an analysis of the existing space application domains to identify which software domains can benefit from their use. Moreover, we survey the embedded GPU domain in order to assess whether embedded GPUs can provide the required computational power and identify the challenges which need to be addressed for their adoption in space. In this paper, we describe the steps followed in the project, as well as a summary of results obtained from our analyses so far in the project. ; This work has received funding from the the European Space Agency (ESA) under the GPU4S (GPU for Space) Project, answer to the ESA ITT AO/1-9010/17/NL/AF tender with title "Low Power GPU Solutions For High Performance On-Board Data Processing" and from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 772773). This work has also been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under grant TIN2015-65316-P and the HiPEAC Network of Excellence. MINECO partially supported Leonidas Kosmidis under Juan de la Cierva Formació postdoctoral fellowship (FJCI-2017-34095) and Jaume Abella under Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral fellowship (RYC-2013- 14717). ...

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- Introduction< -- PART I -- 1 Oral Narratives in the Rincón Zapoteco -- 2 Social Polygraphy -- 3 Emulating Kuyujani -- PART II -- 4 Revealing Territorial Illusions and Political Fictions through Participatory Cartography -- 5 Mapuche Cartography -- 6 The Ethnocartography of Sumak Allpa -- 7 Social Cartography and Territorial Planning in Robles, Colombia -- PART III -- 8 New Social Cartography and Ethnographic Practice -- 9 Social Cartography and the Struggle for Multiethnic, Urban Indigenous Lands -- 10 Participatory Cultural Mapping in Nvwken, Mapuce Territory, Argentina -- 11 Political Appropriation of Social Cartography in Defense of Quilombola Territories in Alcântara, Maranhão, Brazil -- Commentary -- Afterword -- Contributors -- Index

MacroH2A histone variants have a function in gene regulation that is poorly understood at the molecular level. We report that macroH2A1.2 and macroH2A2 modulate the transcriptional ground state of cancer cells and how they respond to inflammatory cytokines. Removal of macroH2A1.2 and macroH2A2 in hepatoblastoma cells affects the contact frequency of promoters and distal enhancers coinciding with changes in enhancer activity or preceding them in response to the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha. Although macroH2As regulate genes in both directions, they globally facilitate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-mediated response. In contrast, macroH2As suppress the response to the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma. MacroH2A2 has a stronger contribution to gene repression than macroH2A1.2. Taken together, our results suggest that macroH2As have a role in regulating the response of cancer cells to inflammatory signals on the level of chromatin structure. This is likely relevant for the interaction of cancer cells with immune cells of their microenvironment. ; This research project was supported by the national grants RTI2018-094005-B-I00 and BFU2015-66559-P from FEDER / Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - Agencia Estatal de Investigación (to M.B.); PI09/00751 , PI10/02082 , and PI13/02340 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (to C.A.); the MECD fellowship FPU14/06542 (to D.C.); AGAUR 2019 FI_B01024 and 2022 FI_B00528 fellowships (to J.C.-R. and A.D.R.-A., respectively); and predoctoral fellowships BES-2016-077251 (to M.-M.L.P.) and PRE2019-088529 (to O.M.). Research in the M.B. lab is further supported by the following grants: the Marie Skłodowska Curie Training network " INTERCEPT-MDS " H2020-MSCA-ITN-2020-953407 (to M.B.); MINECO-ISCIII PIE16/00011 (to M.B.); the Deutsche José Carreras Leukämie Stiftung DJCLS 14R/2018 (to M.B.); AGAUR 2017-SGR-305 (to M.B.); and Fundació La Marató de TV3 257/C/2019 (to M.B.). C.A.'s research has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation ...