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"Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being developed and various applications are already used in medical practice. This development promises improvements in prediction, diagnostics and treatment decisions. As one example, in the field of psychiatry, AI systems can already successfully detect markers of mental disorders such as depression. By using data from social media (e.g. Instagram or Twitter), users who are at risk of mental disorders can be identified. This potential of AI-based depression detectors (AIDD) opens chances, such as quick and inexpensive diagnoses, but also leads to ethical challenges especially regarding users' autonomy. The focus of the presentation is on autonomy-related ethical implications of AI systems using social media data to identify users with a high risk of suffering from depression. First, technical examples and potential usage scenarios of AIDD are introduced. Second, it is demonstrated that the traditional concept of patient autonomy according to Beauchamp and Childress does not fully account for the ethical implications associated with AIDD. Third, an extended concept of "Health-Related Digital Autonomy" (HRDA) is presented. Conceptual aspects and normative criteria of HRDA are discussed. As a result, HRDA covers the elusive area between social media users and patients. "

The Integrated Research Biobank (IRB) at the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IKCL) is the central biobank resource of the University Medicine Greifswald (UMG) for all biological materials collected within the framework of clinical and experimental studies carried out by internal and external researchers. The IRB is a core unit of the UMG and focuses on collection, processing and storage of mainly liquid biomaterials, e.g. blood, urine, saliva or swaps in established workflows and thereby securing highest quality standards. Aliquots are usually stored at –80°C in one of the two fully automated LiCONiC biorepositories or, if necessary, in one of the –80°C freezers. Up to now, the IRB stores more than 1.1 million liquid aliquots and the collection grows continuously. Currently, the storage capacity of the IRB is limited to 3 million aliquots. Funding statement: European Fond for Regional Development (EFRE) funded by the European Union (grant INZ-EFRE 1503).Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) is part of the Community Medicine Research net (CMR) of the University of Greifswald, Germany, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grants no. 01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103 and 01ZZ0403), the Ministry of Cultural Affairs as well as the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania.German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 81Z7400173).German Biobank Alliance (GBA) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 01EY1705).National Cohort (NAKO) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 01ER1301/18).

Background: Malnutrition is a major underlying cause of the child morbidity and mortality in Nepal. In the past ten years there hasn't been any significant progress in the nutritional status of the under-fives in Nepal. In such situation this study determines the prevalence of undernutrition and the factors associated with it which helps district health managers monitor undernutrition and identify different associated factors essential in order to better design and implement the nutritional interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Belahara VDC among 150 underfive children in 2008. Primary caretakers were interviewed for different socio-demographic and maternal & child health related factors. Through anthropometry, prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was determined. Logistic regression statistical tool was used to analyze the influence of different predictors. Results: Prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was 27%, 37% and 11% respectively. In the final model of logistic regression statistical tool, male sex was found protective for stunting. Comparatively, the risk of being underweight in the children from the poor socioeconomic status is almost four times as much as in the children from the rich socioeconomic status [OR= 4.336 (1.719 <OR<10.936)]. Children from joint family were found protective against stunting than children in the nuclear family. Other covariates such as age at pregnancy and ethnicity of the child were found to be significantly associated only at 10% level of significance. Conclusion: Acute undernutrition was found more in the VDC as of national figure. Emphasis should be placed on the girl children and the disadvantaged ethnic groups for nutritional interventions. These interventions should be coordinated with income generation and food production activities for sustainability of nutritional interventions. Maternal age at pregnancy, as found determining the nutritional status of children, should be included as a part of nutrition counseling during ANC visits. Key words: Underweight; stunting; wasting; predictors; nutritional intervention DOI: 10.3126/jnhrc.v7i2.3020 Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Vol.7(2) Apr 2009 120-126

The world of sports medicine faces unique medical ethics issues. In this issue articles will include: Fundamental Ethical Principles in Sports Medicine, Confidentiality in Sports Medicine, Informed Consent in Sports Medicine, Conflicts of Interest in Sports Medicine, Performance enhancing drugs in sports medicine, Gene doping in sports medicine, Ethical considerations for analgesic use in sports medicine, and many more!

Care, justice, and community. Are care and justice distinct virtues? / John P. Reeder, Jr. -- Care and justice as moral values for nurses in an era of managed care / Barbara Hilkert Andolsen -- The need for integrating care ethics into hospital care : a case study / Christine E. Gudorf. Care and emotion. The emotions of care in health care / Edward Collins Vacek, S.J. -- The psychology of emotion and the ethics of care / Sidney Callahan -- Caring for girls and women who are considering abortion : rethinking informed consent / Diana Fritz Cates. Care and narrative. God and an ethic of care : on being Immanuel / Russell B. Connors, Jr. and Chris A. Franke -- Communities of care, of trust, and of healing / Paul F. Camenisch -- Doubled in the darkest mirror : practice and the retold narrative of the Jewish burial society / Laurie Zoloth -- AIDS in East Tennessee : medicine and morals as local activities / Ruth L. Smith

Erik Noji, mentioned, tongue in cheek, Noah as the first disaster manager during a lecture in 2005. The canonical description of "The Genesis Flood" does describe Noah as a master planner and executer of an evacuation of biblical proportions. After gaining knowledge of a potential catastrophic disaster he planned and executed an evacuation to mitigate the effects of the "Genesis Flood" by building the Ark and organizing a mass exodus. He had to plan for food, water, shelter, medical care, waste disposal and other needs of all the evacuees. Throughout history, management of large disasters was conducted by the military. Indeed, the military still plays a large role in disaster response in many countries, particularly if the response is overseas and prolonged. The histories of emergency preparedness, disaster management and disaster medicine have coevolved and are inextricably intertwined. While disaster management in one form or another existed as long as people started living together in communities, the development of disaster medicine took off with the emergence of modern medicine. Similar to disaster management, disaster medicine also has roots in military organizations.