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In Russia, like elsewhere in the world, artificial intelligence, robots and robotic technologies have been introduced into various fields of economy, and state and public life. The variety of spheres of application in which artificial intelligence in different forms is currently used and will be used in future, have implications for the legal system and require adequate legal developments that would take into account the features of these fundamentally novel and previously unknown technologies. The solution of this complex task, in its turn, involves theoretical understanding of multiple conceptual issues that can affect the success or failures of legal regulations in the area of public relations under consideration. The article considers Asimov's laws of robotics and ethical norms that have been proposed for artificial intelligence in the Concept of development of regulation of relations in the sphere of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies for the period till 2024. The authors discuss the subject of criminal law assessment of robots' behavior, and propose the understanding and definitions of notions like "ethics" and "lawfulness" of robots' behavior, "ethical violations", "offences", "guilt" and "responsibility" of robots. The authors also analyze anthropomorphism as one of the strategies of social robotics, its pros and cons. The authors conclude that legislation should use as a starting point the functions of artificial intelligence and it should be uniform towards all emerging forms. At present stage of development, it is necessary to have a legal regime established for robots (artificial intelligence), while the legal status for them is the matter of future, when they will acquire real autonomy and will be able to carry out their own free choice of behavior.

Artificial intelligence : what it is and why it matters -- The practice of law -- what do lawyers do? -- AI and outcome prediction -- AI, pre-trial information gathering (discovery and disclosure) and litigation lawyers -- AI, online courts, and alternative dispute resolution -- AI and transactional lawyers -- AI and regulatory lawyers -- AI and criminal lawyers -- Limitations of AI -- Legal ethics, liability, and regulation in an AI world -- Future of the legal profession.

The involvement of artificial intelligence in biomedicine promises better support for decision-making both in conventional and research medical practice. Yet two important issues emerge in relation to personal data handling, and the influence of AI on patient/doctor relationships. The development of AI algorithms presupposes extensive processing of big data in biobanks, for which procedures of compliance with data protection need to be ensured. This article addresses this problem in the framework of the EU legislation (GDPR) and explains the legal prerequisites pertinent to various categories of health data. Furthermore, the self-learning systems of AI may affect the fulfillment of medical duties, particularly if the attending physicians rely on unsupervised applications operating beyond their direct control. The article argues that the patient informed consent prerequisite plays a key role here, not only in conventional medical acts but also in clinical research procedures.

ABSTRACTIn the last years, the Ecuadorian legislator has dedicated to treating as a priority the economic topics, ignoring the diverse technological advances, the reason why the legal reflection on Artificial Intelligence (systems of algorithms that learn of themselves) is practically nonexistent, although it has been incorporated in several scopes of our daily life. Although the human being has not developed vital Artificial Intelligence yet, the impact in many areas, including the legal one, is undeniable, so we must think about the legal regulation both in the present and in the future, to establish specific fundamental rules. We cannot ignore that already exists in the world a citizen android, Sofia, whose case leads us to reflect if perhaps it is necessary to recognize as the holder of rights to the Artificial Intelligence, a subject without face nor necessarily human appearance, as it happened, in the year 2008, with Nature. KEYWORDS:Intellectual property, copyright, patent, civil law, legal systems. RESUMENEn los últimos años, el legislador ecuatoriano se ha dedicado a tratar como prioridad los temas económicos, desconociendo los diversos avances tecnológicos, por lo que la reflexión jurídica sobre Inteligencia Artificial (sistemas de algoritmos que aprenden de sí mismos) es prácticamente inexistente, pese a que se ha incorporado en varios ámbitos de nuestra cotidianeidad. Si bien el ser humano no ha desarrollado aún Inteligencia Artificial fuerte, el impacto en muchas áreas, incluida la legal, es innegable, por lo cual debemos pensar en la regulación jurídica tanto en el presente, como a futuro, para establecer ciertas reglas fundamentales. No podemos desconocer que ya existe en el mundo una ciudadana androide, Sofía, cuyo caso nos conduce a reflexionar si tal vez se deba reconocer como titular de derechos a la Inteligencia Artificial, un sujeto sin rostro ni apariencia necesariamente humana, tal como sucedió, en el año 2008, con la Naturaleza. CÓDIGO JEL: ; In the last years, the Ecuadorian legislator has dedicated to treat as a priority the economic topics, ignoring the diverse technological advances, reason why the legal reflection on Artificial Intelligence (systems of algorithms that learn of themselves) is practically nonexistent, although it has been incorporated in several scopes of our daily life. Although the human being has not developed strong Artificial Intelligence yet, the impact in many areas, including the legal one, is undeniable, so we must think about the legal regulation both in the present, and in the future, to establish certain fundamental rules. We cannot ignore that already exists in the world a citizen android, Sofia, whose case leads us to reflect if perhaps it is necessary to recognize as holder of rights to the Artificial Intelligence, a subject without face nor necessarily human appearance, as it happened, in the year 2008, with the Nature.

The article discusses the legal issues of using artificial intelligence in jurisprudence. The author analyzes the legislation and law enforcement practice of foreign countries such as the USA, Great Britain, Australia, Russia, Kazakhstan, as well as the resolution of the European Parliament and the WIPO materials on the use of artificial intelligence. The features of the legislation and practice of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the use of artificial intelligence are revealed. In conclusion, the author gives reasonable conclusions on the improvement of legislation in relation to artificial intelligence in jurisprudence.