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Problem/Condition: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining opportunistic illnesses (OIs) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As a result of new treatments that reduce mortality for persons with AIDS, the number of persons living with AIDS is increasing, and the incidence of AIDS is decreasing. In 1997, an estimated 271,245 persons were living with AIDS in the United States and thus were at high risk for OIs. In 1997, an estimated 21,909 HIV-infected persons died with AIDS, nearly all as a result of OIs. Reporting Period Covered: Aggregate data and trends for 1992-1997 were examined to determine a) the frequencies at which OIs occurred first; b) the incidence of OIs; c) the percentage of persons among those who have died who had had a given OI during their course of AIDS, and d) the frequency of prescriptions for antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and for Mycobacterium avium complex disease (MAC). Description of System: Data were analyzed from the Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease (ASD) sentinel surveillance project, a prospective medical record review of HIV-infected persons aged greater than or equal to 13 years conducted in 11 U.S. cities. ASD data were standardized to national AIDS surveillance data for 1992-1997 by age; race; sex; country of birth; year of AIDS diagnosis; HIV exposure mode; and for incidence calculations, by CD4+ T-lymphocyte distribution. Results: The incidence declined significantly for each of 15 of the 26 specific AIDS-defining OIs (p less than 0.05). PCP was the most common AIDS-defining OI to occur first (PCP was the first OI to occur for 36% of HIV-infected persons), the most common incident AIDS-defining OI (274 cases per 1000 person-years), and the most common AIDS-defining OI to have occurred during the course of AIDS (53% of persons who died with AIDS had PCP diagnosed at some time during their course of AIDS). Of persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 500 cells/uL, the number with prescriptions for triple combination therapy increased from zero in 1992 to 40% in 1997, and 80% of persons had a prescription for any antiretroviral therapy in 1997. Of persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 200 cells/uL, the percentage with prescriptions for PCP prophylaxis remained stable from 1992 through 1997 (range: 75% to 80%). Of persons with CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts less than 50 cells/uL, the percentage with prescriptions for MAC prophylaxis increased from 9% in 1992 to 44% in 1997. Interpretations: The incidences of many OIs are decreasing primarily because of advances in HIV-related therapy. However, OIs are still occurring, especially when patients access care late during the course of disease. Even after accessing care, persons may develop OIs because of lack of prescription for prophylaxis, antiretroviral drug resistance, or poor adherence to therapy. During 1992-1997, most patients in need of PCP prophylaxis received a prescription for it; however, even in 1997, most patients in need of MAC prophylaxis did not receive a prescription for it Actions Taken: These surveillance data are used by persons involved with developing guidelines for preventing OIs to determine the importance of and trends in OIs and preventive therapy. CDC is developing population-based approaches for surveillance of HIV disease progression, OIs, and therapies with the goal of making these data available in more geographic areas to help assess public health and health-care programs. ; Reports published in CDC Surveillance Summaries since January 1, 1988 -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- References -- State and Territorial Epidemiologists and Laboratory Directors. ; Jeffrey L. Jones, Debra L. Hanson, Mark S. Dworkin, David L. Alderton, Patricia L. Fleming, Jon E. Kaplan, John Ward, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention; Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases. ; April 16, 1999. ; "U.S. Government Printing Office: 1999-733-228/87068 Region IV."--P. [4] of cover. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-22).

Message from the Director -- Abbreviations -- Mission Statements -- 1. The Past 2 Decades: How Far Have We Come? -- -- 2. The HIV/AIDS Epidemic: What Is the Magnitude? -- How Serious Is It? -- How Is It Changing? -- -- 3. The Changing Epidemic: How Is CDC Responding? -- Surveillance -- Prevention Programs -- Prevention Strategies -- Research -- -- 4. Specific Populations: How Are They Affected? -- MSM -- IDUs -- Heterosexual Adults -- People of Color -- Youth -- Pregnant Women and Infants -- Correctional Facility Inmates -- People Worldwide -- -- 5. The Future: What Are CDC's Plans? -- -- 6. More about HIV Prevention: Where Is Information Available?? -- -- Glossary -- Resources ; Title from cover. ; "Updated October 2005." ; Also available via the World Wide Web. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-81).

"DHAP's Strategic Plan 2011-2015 (the Plan) is DHAP's blueprint for achieving its vision of a future free of HIV. The Plan reflects the Division's response to new opportunities and imperatives for HIV prevention created by critical shifts in the national, state, and local economic and policy environments, including the July 2010 release of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States (NHAS). It embodies DHAP's commitment to high-impact prevention using scalable, cost-effective interventions with demonstrated potential to reduce new infections, in the right populations, to yield a major impact on the epidemic." - http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/strategy/dhap/index.htm ; Message from the Director -- Introduction -- The Plan -- Next Steps. -- Appendix A. List of acronyms -- Appendix B. Goals, objectives, and strategies -- Appendix C. Links to NHAS and NCHHSTP plans. -- Appendix D. Goals and objectives, with baselines, targets, and data source ; "August 2011." ; Title from title screen (viewed on December 1, 2011). ; Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (4.98 MB, 44 p.). ; Includes bibliographical references.

"DHAP's Strategic Plan 2011-2015 (the Plan) is DHAP's blueprint for achieving its vision of a future free of HIV. The Plan reflects the Division's response to new opportunities and imperatives for HIV prevention created by critical shifts in the national, state, and local economic and policy environments, including the July 2010 release of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States (NHAS). It embodies DHAP's commitment to high-impact prevention using scalable, cost-effective interventions with demonstrated potential to reduce new infections, in the right populations, to yield a major impact on the epidemic." - http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/strategy/dhap/index.htm ; National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of STD Prevention. ; "October 2008." ; "CS122488." ; Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (295.88 KB, 15 p.).

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Tuberculosis Elimination's (DTBE) strategic plan focuses on the following goals: Domestic: eliminate TB in the United States (defined as ≤1 case/million); Global: contribute to reductions in global incidence and mortality by 50% each (compared to 1990 baseline, based on the Stop TB Partnership Global Plan to Stop TB (2006-2015). DTBE has been carrying out strategic planning sessions periodically since 1989, using surveillance data and scientific findings to identify new directions. Depending on funding availability, DTBE launches new projects through an internal peer-review process, selecting those with the greatest potential for having an impact on eliminating TB. In 2011 DTBE staff refined the approach to U.S. TB elimination to reflect the current environment. This includes budget constraints and the lowest TB rates in history (but with a slowing of the rate of decline), greater complexity in the identification and successful treatment of TB cases, continued increases in foreign-born TB cases, excess TB rates in racial and ethnic minorities, concern over HIV-associated TB and drug-resistant TB, and the U. S. Government's (USG) growing role in addressing TB globally. ; 10/11/11 - date from document properties ; CS226225A

"Problem/Condition: Approximately 1.1 million persons in the United States are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. More than half of those infected are men who have sex with men (MSM). Reporting Period: June-December 2008. Description of System: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) System collects risk behavior data from three populations at high risk for HIV infection: MSM, injection-drug users, and heterosexual adults at increased risk for HIV infection. Data for NHBS are collected in rotating cycles. NHBS participants must be aged >̲18 years, live in a participating metropolitan statistical area, and be able to complete a behavioral survey in English or Spanish. Men who reported being infected with HIV or who had no male sex partners during the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Results: This report summarizes data gathered from 8,175 MSM during the second data collection cycle of NHBS. In addition to having at least one male sex partner, 14% of participants had at least one female sex partner during the past 12 months. Unprotected anal intercourse with a male partner was reported by 54% of the participants; 37% reported having unprotected anal sex with a main male partner (someone with whom the participant had sex and to whom he felt most committed, such as a boyfriend, spouse, significant other, or life partner), and 25% reported having unprotected anal sex with a casual male partner (someone with whom the participant had sex but with whom he did not feel committed, did not know very well, or had sex with in exchange for something such as money or drugs). Noninjection drug use during the past 12 months was reported by 46% of participants. Specifically, 38% used marijuana, 18% cocaine, 13% poppers (amyl nitrate), and 11% ecstasy. Two percent of the participants reported injecting drugs for nonmedical purposes in the past 12 months. Of the participants surveyed, 90% had been tested for HIV during their lifetime, 62% had been tested during the past 12 months, 51% had received a hepatitis vaccination, 35% had been tested for syphilis during the past 12 months, and 18% had participated in an individual- or group-level HIV behavioral intervention. Interpretation: MSM in the United States continue to engage in sexual and drug-use behaviors that increase the risk for HIV infection. Although many MSM had been tested for HIV infection, many had not received hepatitis vaccinations or syphilis testing, and only a small proportion had recently participated in a behavioral intervention. Public Health Action: To reduce HIV infection among MSM, additional effort is needed to decrease the number of men who are engaging in risk behaviors while increasing the number who recently have been tested for HIV. The National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States delineates a coordinated response to reduce infections and HIV-related health disparities among MSM and other disproportionately affected groups. NHBS data can be used to monitor progress toward the goals of the national strategy and to guide national and local planning efforts to maximize the impact of HIV prevention programs." - p. 1 ; [Teresa J. Finlayson, Binh Le, Amanda Smith, Kristina Bowles, Melissa Cribbin, Isa Miles, Alexandra M Oster, Tricia Martin, Alicia Edwards, Elizabeth DiNenno, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention]. ; Cover title. ; "October 28, 2011." ; "U.S. Government Printing Office: 2012-523-043/21084, Region IV"--P. [4] of cover. ; Also available via the World Wide Web. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 11-13).

In 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) budgeted approximately $580 million to address the domestic HIV and AIDS epidemic. These funds supported HIV surveillance, research, prevention, and evaluation activities (Appendix A). Of this amount, about $480 million was awarded by the National Center of HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) to support HIV prevention program activities in state and local health departments (HDs). In 2010, 59 HDs (50 state HDs, 6 directly-funded city HDs, and HDs in the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands) were funded under different funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) to deliver a wide range of HIV surveillance, prevention, and evaluation activities. Five FOAs were specific to HIV prevention activities (PS 10-1001, PS 10-10138, PS 10-10181, PS 10-10175, and PS 09-902). CDC provides an overall funding amount for HIV prevention to HDs and expects them to allocate their funds to interventions and other activities that focus on the populations at highest risk for acquiring HIV, based on epidemiological data. In addition, CDC expects that HDs have consulted with and obtained approvals from their HIV planning groups and that the funding allocation decisions are consistent with the general guidelines specified in each FOA. The allocation information is important for monitoring HIV prevention efforts at the national and local levels under these five FOAs and for planning the most effective distribution of prevention funds. The primary objective of this report is to describe how HDs, given their budget constraints, allocated their CDC prevention funds across interventions and populations to decrease HIV incidence. HDs were asked to report how they allocated their funds from the five FOAs for HIV prevention during calendar year (CY) 2010, including HIV prevention program activities and prevention interventions designed for persons living with HIV (PLWH). HDs were also asked to provide allocations by race/ethnicity and by HIV risk (referred to as "risk" in this document). Analyses of 2010 data were conducted and compared to findings from prior calendar years (2005-2009) to examine trends in funding allocations. A secondary objective of this report is to describe how the overall CDC HIV prevention funding allocations at the national level compared with the national HIV epidemic. ; Introduction -- Methods -- Data collection procedures -- Data quality procedures -- Results -- Distribution of funds allocated to HIV testing -- Distribution of funds allocated to partner services -- Distribution of funds allocated to health education and risk reduction -- Distribution of funds allocated to health communication/public information -- Distribution of funds allocated to prevention interventions designed for persons living with HIV -- Trends from calendar years 2005 to 2010 and comparison between national CDC HIV prevention funding allocations and national HIV epidemic -- Discussion. -- Limitations -- Recommendations and conclusions -- References -- Appendix A. CDC HIV prevention funding sources -- Appendix B. Data collection template -- Appendix C. Figures 1 to 6 -- Appendix D. Tables 1a to 6 ; This report was prepared by the following staff: Choi Wan and Argelia Figueroa. ; Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (791.68 KB, 62 p.). ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 15). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Prevention Funding Allocations at CDC-Funded State and Local Health Departments, 2010. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; June 2012.

"Problem: As of December 31, 2008, an estimated 663,084 persons were living with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the 40 U.S. states that have had confidential name-based HIV infection reporting since at least January 2006. Although HIV surveillance programs in the United States collect information about persons who have received a diagnosis of HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), supplemental surveillance projects are needed to collect information about care-seeking behaviors, health-care use, and other behaviors among persons living with HIV. Data on the clinical and behavioral characteristics of persons receiving medical care for HIV infection are critical to reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality and for program planning to allocate services and resources, guide prevention planning, assess unmet medical and ancillary service needs, and help develop intervention programs and health policies at the local, state, and national levels. Reporting Period Covered: Data were collected during June 2007-September 2008 for patients who received medical care in 2007 (sampled from January 1-April 30). Description of the System: The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is an ongoing, multisite supplemental surveillance project that assesses behaviors, clinical characteristics, and quality of care of HIV-infected persons who are receiving medical care. Participants must be aged >18 years and have received medical care at sampled facilities that provide HIV medical care within participating MMP project areas. Self-reported behavioral and selected clinical data are collected using an in-person interview. A total of 26 project areas in 19 states and Puerto Rico were funded to collect data during the 2007 MMP data collection cycle. Results: The results from the 2007 MMP cycle indicated that among 3,643 participants, a total of 3,040 (84%) had some form of health insurance or coverage during the 12 months before the interview; of these, 45% reported having Medicaid, 37% reported having private health insurance or coverage through a health maintenance organization, and 30% reported having Medicare. A total of 3,091 (85%) of the participants were currently taking antiretroviral medications. Among 3,609 participants who reported ever having a CD4 T-lymphocyte test, 2,996 (83%) reported having three or more CD4 T-lymphocyte tests in the 12 months before the interview. Among 3,567 participants who reported ever having an HIV viral load test, 2,946 (83%) reported having three or more HIV viral load tests in the 12 months before the interview. Among 3,643 participants, 45% needed HIV case management, 33% needed mental health counseling, and 32% needed assistance finding dental services during the 12 months before the interview; 8%, 13%, and 25% of these participants who needed the services, respectively, had not received these services by the time of the interview. Noninjection drugs were used for nonmedical purposes by 1,117 (31%) participants during the 12 months before the interview, and 122 (3%) participants had used injection drugs for nonmedical purposes. Unprotected anal intercourse was reported by 527 (54%) of 970 men who reported having anal sex with a man during the 12 months before the interview. Unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse was reported by 176 (32%) of the 553 men who reported having anal or vaginal intercourse with a woman during the 12 months before the interview. Unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse was reported by 216 (42%) of the 516 women who reported having anal or vaginal intercourse with a man during the 12 months before the interview. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate that in 2007, most persons with HIV infection who were receiving medical care were taking antiretroviral therapy and had some form of health insurance or coverage; however, some persons were not receiving needed critical ancillary services, such as HIV case management or help finding dental services. In addition, some persons living with HIV infection engaged in behaviors, such as unprotected sex, that increase the risk for transmitting HIV to sexual partners, and some used noninjection or injection drugs for nonmedical purposes, which might decrease adherence to antiretroviral therapy and increase health-risk behaviors. Public Health Actions: MMP data can be used to monitor the national HIV/AIDS strategy goal of increasing access to care and optimizing health outcomes among persons living with HIV. Persons infected with HIV who are not receiving needed ancillary services highlight missed opportunities for access to care and other supportive services, information that can be used to advocate for additional resources. Drug use among persons with HIV infection underscores the continued need for substance abuse treatment services for this population. In addition, prevention services and programs are needed to decrease the number of HIV-infected persons engaging in unprotected sex. The data in this report can be included in local, state, and national HIV/AIDS epidemiologic profiles and shared with community stakeholders. Although data from the 2007 MMP cycle might not be representative of all persons receiving medical care for HIV infection in the United States or in the individual project areas, future MMP cycles are expected to yield weighted national estimates representing all HIV-infected persons receiving medical care in the United States." - p. 1 ; [Janet M. Blair, A .D. McNaghten, Emma L. Frazier, Jacek Skarbinski, Ping Huang, James D. Heffelfinger ; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC ; Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, Georgia]. ; Cover title. ; "September 2, 2011." ; "U.S. Government Printing Office: 2011-723-011/21066, Region IV"--P. [4] of cover. ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an HTML file or as an Acrobat .pdf file (428.41 KB, 20 p.). ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 11-12).

"Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2009 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2009. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) notifiable disease reporting from state and local STD programs; (2) projects that monitor STD prevalence in various settings, including regional Infertility Prevention Projects, the National Job Training Program, the Indian Health Service, the STD Surveillance Network, and the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project; and (3) national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid, are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the U.S. population. National summary data of case reports for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2009 consists of four sections: the National Profile, the Special Focus Profiles, the Tables, and the Appendix. The National Profile section contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles section contains figures and text that describe STDs in selected subgroups and populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Tables section provides statistical information about STDs at county, metropolitan statistical area, regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on how to interpret the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, as well as information about Healthy People 2010 STD objectives and progress toward meeting these objectives, Government Performance and Results Act goals and progress toward meeting these goals, and STD surveillance case definitions." - p. vi ; Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Preface -- Guide to Acronyms -- Figures in the National Profile -- Figures in the Special Focus Profiles -- Tables in the National Profile -- Census regions of the United States -- National overview of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), 2009 -- -- National Profile -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Other sexually transmitted diseases -- -- Special Focus Profiles -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- -- Tables -- National summary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix: Interpreting STD Surveillance Data -- Table A1. Selected STDs--Percentage of Unknown, Missing, or Invalid Values for Selected Variables by State and by Nationally Notifiable STD, 2009 -- Table A2. Reported Cases of STDs by Reporting Source and Sex, United States, 2009 -- Table A3. Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Objective Status -- Table A4. Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Goals and Measures -- STD Surveillance Case Definitions -- Contributors ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "November 2010." -- t.p. ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the state and territorial health departments, sexually transmitted disease control programs, regional Infertility Prevention Projects, and public health laboratories. We also acknowledge the contributions of staff within the Division of STD Prevention, the Statistics and Data Management Branch, and the Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch of CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention." - p ii ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an html or an Acrobat .pdf file (6.9 MB, 184 p.) . ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2009. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010.

Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Preface -- Guide to acronyms -- Figures in the national profile -- Figures in the special focus profiles -- Tables in the national profile -- Census regions of the united states -- National overview of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), 2008 -- -- National Profile -- Introduction -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) -- -- Special Focus Profiles -- Introduction -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men (MSM) -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- Tables -- National Summary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix -- Interpreting STD surveillance data -- Table A1. Selected STDs--Percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for selected variables by state and by nationally notifiable STD, 2008 -- Table A2. Reported cases of sexually transmitted disease by reporting source and sex: United States, 2008 -- Table A3. Healthy People 2010 sexually transmitted diseases objective status -- Table A4. Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) sexually transmitted diseases goals and measures -- STD surveillance case definitions -- Contributors ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "November 2009." -- t.p. ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the State and Territorial Health Departments, the Sexually Transmitted Disease Control Programs, the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects, and Public Health Laboratories. We also acknowledge the contributions of staff within the Division of STD Prevention, the Statistics and Data Management Branch and the Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch." - acknowledgements ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (6.6 MB, 180 p.). ; "Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2008 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2008. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) notifiable disease reporting from state and local STD programs; (2) projects that monitor STD prevalence in various settings including; the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects (IPP); the National Job Training Program; the Indian Health Service; the Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Prevalence Monitoring Project; the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP); and (3) national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the United States population. National summary data of case reports for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2008 consists of four parts: (1) The National Profile contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. (2) The Special Focus Profiles contain figures and text describing STDs in selected subgroups and populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. (3) The Detailed Tables provide statistical information about STDs at the county, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), regional, state, and national levels. (4) The Appendix (Interpreting STD Surveillance Data) includes information on interpreting the STD surveillance data used to produce this report; Healthy People 2010 (HP2010) STD objectives and progress toward meeting them; Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) goals and progress toward meeting them; and STD surveillance case definitions." - p. vi ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2008. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; November 2009.

"Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2010. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. Prior to the publication of Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010, when the percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for age group, race/ethnicity, and sex exceeded 50% for any state, the state's incidence and population data were excluded from the tables that presented data stratified by one or more of these variables. For the states for which 50% or more of their data were valid for age group, race/ethnicity, and sex, the values for unknown, missing, or invalid data were redistributed on the basis of the state's distribution of known age group, race/ethnicity, and sex data. Beginning with the publication of Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010, redistribution methodology is not applied to any of the data. The counts presented in this report are summations of all valid data reported in reporting year 2010. Because missing data are excluded from calculations of rates by age group, race/ethnicity, and sex, incidence rates by these characteristics, particularly by race/ ethnicity for chlamydia and gonorrhea, appear somewhat lower than in previous reports. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) notifiable disease reporting from state and local STD programs; (2) projects that monitor STD prevalence in various settings, including regional Infertility Prevention Projects, the National Job Training Program, the STD Surveillance Network, and the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project; and (3) other national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid, are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the U.S. population. National summary data of case reports for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010 consists of four sections: the National Profile, the Special Focus Profiles, the Tables, and the Appendix. The National Profile section contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles section contains figures and text that describe STDs in selected populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Tables section provides statistical information about STDs at county, metropolitan statistical area, regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on how to interpret the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, as well as information about Healthy People 2020 STD objectives and progress toward meeting these objectives, Government Performance and Results Act goals and progress toward meeting these goals, and STD surveillance case definitions." - p. vi ; Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Preface -- Guide to Acronyms -- Figures in the National Profile -- Figures in the Special Focus Profiles -- Tables in the National Profile -- Census regions of the United States -- National overview of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), 2010 -- -- National Profile -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Other sexually transmitted diseases -- -- Special Focus Profiles -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- -- Tables -- National summary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix: Interpreting STD Surveillance Data -- Table A1. Selected STDs--Percentage of Unknown, Missing, or Invalid Values for Selected Variables by State and by Nationally Notifiable STD, 2010 -- Table A2. Reported Cases of STDs by Reporting Source and Sex, United States, 2010 -- Table A3. Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Objective Status -- Table A4. Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Goals and Measures -- STD Surveillance Case Definitions -- Contributors ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "November 2011." -- t.p. ; "STDs." - front cover ; "CS222038." - back cover ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the state and territorial health departments, sexually transmitted disease control programs, regional Infertility Prevention Projects, and public health laboratories. We also acknowledge the contributions of staff within the Division of STD Prevention, the Statistics and Data Management Branch, and the Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch of CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention." - acknowledgements ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an html or an Acrobat .pdf file (8.19 MB, 187 p.). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2011.

"Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2006 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2006. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) case reports from state and local STD programs; (2) the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects, the National Job Training Program, the Corrections STD Prevalence Monitoring Project, and the Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Prevalence Monitoring Project; (3) the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP); and (4) national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to CDC is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the United States population. Case report data for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2006 consists of four parts. The National Profile contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles contain figures and text describing STDs in selected subgroups and populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Detailed Tables provide statistical information about STDs at the county, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on interpreting the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, Healthy People 2010 STD objectives, Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) goals, and STD surveillance case definitions." - p. vi ; Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Figures in the national profile -- Figures in the special focus profiles -- Tables in the national profile -- Geographic divisions of the United States -- National overview of sexually transmitted diseases, 2006 -- -- National profile -- Introduction -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis other sexually transmitted diseases -- -- Special focus profiles -- Introduction -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- Tables -- National summary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix -- Interpreting STD surveillance data -- Table A1. Selected STDs-- percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for selected demographic variables by state, 2006 -- Table A2. Reported cases of sexually transmitted disease by sex and reporting source: United States, 2006 -- Table A3. Healthy people 2010 sexually transmitted diseases objective status -- Table A4. Government Performance Results Act (GPRA) sexually transmitted diseases goals and measures -- STD surveillance case definitions -- Contributors. ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "November 2007." ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the State and Territorial Health Departments and the Sexually Transmitted Disease Control Programs and the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects, which provided surveillance data to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention." - p. viii ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an html or an Acrobat .pdf file (2.6 MB, 192 p.). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2006. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, November 2007.

"Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2005 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2005. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) case reports from state and local STD programs; (2) the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects, the National Job Training Program (formerly the Job Corps), the Corrections STD Prevalence Monitoring Project, and the Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Prevalence Monitoring Project; (3) the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP); and (4) national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to CDC is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the United States population. Case report data for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2005 consists of four parts. The National Profile contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles contain figures and text describing STDs in selected subgroups and populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Detailed Tables provide statistical information about STDs at the county, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on interpreting the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, Healthy People 2010 STD objectives, Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) goals, and STD surveillance case definitions. Selected figures and tables in this document identify goals that reflect progress towards some of the Healthy People 2010 (HP2010) national health status objectives for STDs.1 Appendix Table A3 displays progress made towards the HP2010 targets for STDs. These targets are used as reference points throughout this edition of Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2005." - p. vi ; Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Figures in the national profile -- Figures in the special focus profiles -- Tables in the national profile -- Geographic divisions of the United States -- National Overview of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 2005 -- -- National Profile -- Introduction -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Other sexually transmitted diseases -- -- Special Focus Profiles -- Introduction -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- Tables -- National Summary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix: Interpreting STD Surveillance Data -- Table A1. Selected STDs--Percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for selected demographic variables by state, 2005 -- Table A2. Reported cases of sexually transmitted disease by sex and reporting source: United States, 2005 -- Table A3. Healthy People 2010 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Objective Status -- Table A4. Government Performance Results Act (GPRA) Sexually Transmitted -- Diseases Goals and Measures -- STD surveillance case definitions -- Contributors ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "November 2006." -- t.p. ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the State and Territorial Health Departments and the Sexually Transmitted Disease Control Programs and the Regional Infertility Prevention Projects, which provided surveillance data to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention." - p. viii ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (2.6 MB, 186 p.). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2005. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, November 2006.

Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2011 presents statistics and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through 2011. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are concerned with the public health implications of these diseases. The figures and tables in this edition supersede those in earlier publications of these data. Prior to the publication of Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010, when the percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for age group, race/ethnicity, and sex exceeded 50% for any state, the state's incidence and population data were excluded from the tables that presented data stratified by one or more of these variables. For the states for which 50% or more of their data were valid for age group, race/ ethnicity, and sex, the values for unknown, missing, or invalid data were redistributed on the basis of the state's distribution of known age group, race/ethnicity, and sex data. Beginning with the publication of Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2010, redistribution methodology is not applied to any of the data. The counts presented in this report are summations of all valid data reported in reporting year 2011. Because missing data are excluded from calculations of rates by age group, race/ethnicity, and sex, incidence rates by these characteristics, particularly by race/ ethnicity for chlamydia and gonorrhea, appear somewhat lower than in previous reports. The surveillance information in this report is based on the following sources of data: (1) notifiable disease reporting from state and local STD programs; (2) projects that monitor STD positivity and prevalence in various settings, including regional Infertility Prevention Projects, the National Job Training Program, the STD Surveillance Network, and the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project; and (3) other national surveys implemented by federal and private organizations. The STD surveillance systems operated by state and local STD control programs, which provide the case report data for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and chancroid, are the data sources of many of the figures and most of the statistical tables in this publication. These systems are an integral part of program management at all levels of STD prevention and control in the United States. Because of incomplete diagnosis and reporting, the number of STD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is less than the actual number of cases occurring in the U.S. population. National summary data of case reports for other STDs are not available because they are not nationally notifiable diseases. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2011 consists of four sections: the National Profile, the Special Focus Profiles, the Tables, and the Appendix. The National Profile section contains figures that provide an overview of STD morbidity in the United States. The accompanying text identifies major findings and trends for selected STDs. The Special Focus Profiles section contains figures and text that describe STDs in selected populations that are a focus of national and state prevention efforts. The Tables section provides statistical information about STDs at county, metropolitan statistical area, regional, state, and national levels. The Appendix includes information on how to interpret the STD surveillance data used to produce this report, as well as information about Healthy People 2020 STD objectives and progress toward meeting these objectives, Government Performance and Results Act goals and progress toward meeting these goals, and STD surveillance case definitions. ; Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Preface -- Guide to acronyms -- Figures in the national profile -- Figures in the special focus profiles -- Tables in the national profile -- Census regions of the United States -- National Overview of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), 2011 -- -- National Profile -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Other Sexually transmitted diseases -- -- Special Focus Profiles -- STDs in women and infants -- STDs in adolescents and young adults -- STDs in racial and ethnic minorities -- STDs in men who have sex with men -- STDs in persons entering corrections facilities -- -- Tables -- National sSummary -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Syphilis -- Chancroid -- Selected STDs -- -- Appendix -- Interpreting STD Surveillance Data -- Table A1. Selected STDs--percentage of unknown, missing, or invalid values for -- selected variables by state and by nationally notifiable STD, 2011 -- Table A2. Reported cases of STDs by reporting source and sex, United States, 2011 -- Table A3. Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) sexually transmitted diseases objectives -- Table A4. Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) sexually transmitted -- diseases goals, measures, and target -- STD surveillance case definitions -- Contributors ; Division of STD Prevention. ; "Decemberr 2012." -- t.p. ; "STDs." - front cover ; "CS222038." - back cover ; "Publication of this report would not have been possible without the contributions of the state and territorial health departments, sexually transmitted disease control programs, regional infertility prevention projects, and public health laboratories that provided surveillance data to CDC." - acknowledgements ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an html or an Acrobat .pdf file (4.91 MB, 184 p.). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance 2011. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2012.

In proposed action steps to address the National HIV/ AIDS Strategy goal of reducing new HIV infections, the Federal Implementation Plan for the Strategy specifically encourages improved surveillance to better characterize HIV among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ AN). The Implementation Plan calls for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide state health departments that have high concentrations of AI/AN populations with recommendations on effective HIV surveillance activities. To develop these recommendations, CDC followed a two-step process. First, an assessment was conducted from July through September 2011, including a literature review and a series of discussions with representatives of AI/AN public health agencies and organizations and the Indian Health Service (IHS), as well as several state health departments. Second, current AI/AN-related HIV surveillance practices were assessed through focus group and key informant discussions with HIV surveillance staff in six states and three cities within them that have separately funded HIV surveillance programs and have the largest populations or proportions of AI/AN persons (Alaska, Arizona, California, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas and Los Angeles, San Francisco and Houston). This report provides these recommendations and describes the activities that led to their development. ; Executive summary - Introduction - Background - Methods - Summary of key finings on improving surveillance of HIV infection among AI/AN persons- Recommendations - Contributors - References ; January 2013 ; CS237494 ; Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (553 KB, 18 p.). ; Inludes bibliographical reference (p. 15-18).