Suchergebnisse

Young adulthood is a time of transition which poses particular challenges for youth who are homeless or at risk of homelessness, including those exiting foster care. The instability of being homeless puts youth at greater risk of many poor outcomes. Connection to relevant housing resources and services are critical to ensure that young adults have the opportunity to succeed. Better aligning youths' needs with relevant housing resources can help young adults become and remain stably housed, leading to better lifetime outcomes. This study presents a typology of young adults who exit foster care and residential programs for homeless young adults, including emergency shelters and transitional living programs. The study uses administrative data to follow a cohort of 8,795 young adults, including young parents and unaccompanied young adults from ages 18 through 21, who exited foster care or homeless services. Using sequence analysis, subsequent service use after exit, including utilization of homeless services, hospitals, jail, subsidized housing, and supportive housing, was used to build three-year trajectories of service use patterns of youth. These patterns were then grouped together based on similarity using cluster analysis to form six distinct groups of youth: (1) Minimal Service Use, (2) Later Homeless Experience, (3) Earlier Homeless Experience, (4) Consistent Subsidized Housing, (5) Consistent Supportive Housing, and (6) Frequent Jail Stays. Profiles were developed for each typology to comprehensively, but concisely, describe differences in the characteristics of each group of youth. Models were also developed to determine factors that were predictive of each typology. This typology is being used to inform prioritization processes for housing resources and to better understand how to target programs based on potential pathways of youth.

ABSTRACTMany diverse forces are motivating institutions of higher education, particularly business schools, to develop and deliver education via the Internet. As higher education institutions explore this opportunity, the question of how courses and degree programs should be designed for effective online delivery via the Internet is a nontrivial concern and challenge. To address this concern and challenge, this paper articulates, defines, and justifies a typology consisting of four types of online distance education that can be pursued by institutions of higher education. The four online distance education types—Overview Model, Overview Model with Feedback, Technical‐Skills Model, and Managerial Learning Model—can be differentiated along a number of content‐related, delivery‐related, and learning‐related issues and have applicability at various educational levels. In addition, the paper highlights and discusses five key lessons for institutions to consider in their desire to launch online distance education initiatives. These lessons provide insights not only for launch success but also for the ongoing sustainability of online distance education.

This article aims to develop a typology for evaluating different types of activism in the digital age, based on the ideal of radical democracy. Departing from this ideal, activism is approached in terms of processes of identification by establishing conflictual frontiers to outside Others as either adversaries or enemies. On the basis of these discussions, we outline a typology of four kinds of activists: the salon activist, the contentious activist, the law-abiding activist, and the Gandhian activist. The typology's first axis, between antagonism and agonism, is derived from normative discussions in radical democracy concerning developing frontiers. The second axis, about readiness to engage in civil disobedience, is derived from a review of studies of different forms of online activism. The article concludes by suggesting that the different forms of political engagement online have to be taken into account when studying how online activism can contribute to social change.

AbstractResearch on pension generosity has so far used employees in standard employment as the reference point, ignoring nonstandard forms of employment such as the self‐employed. Moreover, as one of the major concepts of welfare state analysis, generosity has not been considered in research on the old‐age security of the self‐employed. Hence, there is a 'missing link' between the two strands in the literature. This paper aims to close this research gap by analysing the differences between 12 European welfare states regarding the generosity of old‐age pensions for the self‐employed. Based on the degree of strictness of access and benefit level, a typology is developed that results in four types of generosity: high generosity, low generosity, basic security and selective generosity.

Facebook offers great opportunities for brands to connect with customers and build relationships with them in order to increase their loyalty and the company's sales. In regards to these goals, one of the most important key performance indicators is the customers' activity – liking, commenting, sharing, recommending, expressing love, etc. On one hand, there is a lot of research on customers' engagement, behavior and motivation. These studies provide valuable information for marketers to understand the way in which individuals use the social network and interact with others as well as the reasons behind their actions. Based on this knowledge they can develop their communication strategies and create content which has impact on the target audience. On the other, there are still some research gaps which can be further explored. One of them is related to the impact of one of the most important company assets – the brand culture, on the customer's behavior and willingness to become part of the digital brand story. This paper presents a Facebook brand page users typology, developed by using a semiotic approach, which is based on their brand culture adoption and brand narrative engagement.

Results produced by researches in recent years prove that communicational and media consumption habits of people living in today's 'age of information' are defined to a great extent by multitasking which, alongside juvenile generations, is increasingly common in adult society. Surveys dealing with the phenomenon of multitasking are typically focused on the growing role of parallel activities and their effect on cognitive functions. In connection with the subject, in my research, I try to enquire into the widespread and expanding phenomenon of media multitasking during media consumption, in relation to types of activity. My efforts concentrate on two of the latter areas, recreational and resource-enhancing activities. I attempt to determine the extent of the presence of multitasking in certain activities and the role of the aim and nature of activities entering the sphere of multitasking.

The cultural logic of postmodernity is encrusted with artistic layers and forms of oral art in their new horizons of usage and in their neo-oralities of performance within the pressures of cultural change and continuity arising from contemporary existence. The discursive and performative limits of oral art forms are dismantled due to the surging interface with the new media, such that transitional models and cross-cultural versions of the same artistic product are created. The pressures of urbanization, the mixed bag of hybridization and globalization, postmodern social pressures and values, and the strides made by science and technology have created neo-oralities, new horizons, and fresh or hybrid versions with which to interrogate Tiv oral artistic products in this digital age, opening up endless vistas and possibilities for oral products. This essay examines the new horizons, versions, and neo-oralities as they create synergy and meanings in the various media of technology. Also highlighted are the dismantled boundaries of the discipline and the discursive limits of oral artistic forms within the developmental trajectory of disciplines, artists, societies, and countries. Finally, a theoretical construct is called for to match the new trends, along with an appeal for greater research attention to be paid to this increasingly important interface with the pressures of change as they help shape culture and art forms.