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Deep and lasting friendships are essential to our psychological and physical well-being. According to recent studies, they even lower blood pressure and improve brain function. Teens, in particular, benefit greatly from a network of friends they can trust. Unfortunately, between bullying, teen violence, social anxiety, online gaming, and other issues, many teens feel isolated. In Dear Libby, trusted columnist Libby Kiszner answers real questions from real teens about friendship: What should I do when people who are supposed to be my friends call me names or embarrass me? What should do I do if I'm being ignored at school? What is the best way to handle loneliness? Someone just stole my friend. What can I do? What can I do when my friends get together and "forget" to invite me? Dear Libby imparts wisdom without judgment and advice with anonymity. The book includes quizzes, tips, activities, and teaching strategies, plus techniques for improving communication skills, building confidence, managing stress, and more

In the article we examine the management of social emotions and friendship bonds by analysing the young adults' pub and drinking diaries. We assume that emotions that are embodied in the management of friendship ties can be reduced to the emotions of pride and shame. According to Scheff, as primary social emotions, they are present in all communication and action. They express for the participants of interaction the actual "temperature" of social relations. Pride refers to a strong and safe involvement in interaction, in which individuals feel themselves fine and respectful. In a shameful state, individuals, in turn, experience themselves negatively in the eyes of others, which imply that social bonds are intimidated. The analysis of drinking experiences from the viewpoint of pride and shame brings expressively forth how drinking strengthens or weakens different kinds of social relations and dynamics and how actors try to attach to them or secede from them. In the diary narratives, the pride and shame of drinking is most strongly associated with reinforcement and bonding efforts of ties of friendship that are considered laid-back and like-minded. In relation to them the status, competition, the emphasis of one's self and indulging in love affairs occur in the narratives considerably more seldom, and if they occur, they rather contribute to shameful experiences or remain subordinate to friendship.

Friendship, sociologists suggest, is defined by institutionalized rules to a lesser degree than other important relationships. Hence it must be sustained through specific friendship-making practices. Social science literature tends to conceptualize friendship as enhancing the pleasures of alcohol use rather than as central to friendship production. This article examines alcohol as a technology in contemporary young adults' friendship-making. Interviews with 60 drinkers aged 18–24 years in Melbourne, Australia demonstrate that drinking builds intimacy, particularly when similar levels of intoxication are achieved. Fear in night-time entertainment precincts underlines trust in friends. To manage uncertainty about responsibilities involved in friendship, young adults negotiate how they will care for each other when they are drunk. Providing this care occasionally jeopardizes friendship, in different ways for women and men. Understanding the import of friendship-making in alcohol use helps explain the persistence of heavy drinking and suggest opportunities for harm reduction.

Summary ; Samenvatting

This open access book sheds light on a range of complex interdependencies between adult education, young adults in vulnerable situations and active citizenship. Adult education has been increasingly recognized as a means to engage and re-engage young adults and facilitate their life chances and social inclusion thus contributing to an active citizenship within their societal contexts. This collection of chapters dealing with issues of social inclusion of young people represents the first book to explicitly approach the complex interdependencies between adult education, young adults in vulnerable situations and active citizenship from the European perspective. Social exclusion, disengagement and disaffection of young adults have been among the most significant concerns faced by EU member states over the last decade. It has been increasingly recognised by a range of stakeholders that there is a growing number of young people suffering from the various effects of the unstable social, economic and political situations affecting Europe and its neighbouring countries. Young adults who experience different degrees of vulnerability are especially at risk of being excluded and marginalised. Engaging young adults through adult education has been strongly related to addressing the specific needs and requirements that would facilitate their participation in social, economic and civic/political life in their country contexts. Fostering the active citizenship of young people, both directly and indirectly, is an area where many AE programmes overlap, and this has become a core approach to integration. This book considers social, economic and political dimensions of active citizenship, encompassing the development of social competences and social capital, civic and political participation and the skills related to the economy and labour market. The cross-national consideration of the notions of vulnerability, inclusion and active citizenship underpins the complexity of translating these concepts into the national contexts of adult education programmes.

Purpose
– This paper aims to show how social needs – the need for integration and need for distinctiveness – guide Finnish young adults' mundane consumption behaviors.


Design/methodology/approach
– The study draws on literature on the fundamental importance of social needs for people's social well-being and the healthy development of the young. The research uses qualitative methods, leaning on an interpretive approach that regards social needs as subjectively experienced and socially constructed phenomena. The empirical data were sourced from 56 Finnish university students' narratives on their daily consumption behaviors.


Findings
– The findings present five categories: "Socializing through consumption", "Consuming to affiliate", "Uniqueness through consumption", "Consuming to show off" and "Obedient consumption", which are further linked to social needs.


Social implications
– The study opens up the ways social needs are connected to consumption behaviors, for example showing how quotidian consumption objects, such as branded clothes, may be used to satisfy social needs in a way that enables young adults to make independent and distinctive consumption choices. On the other hand, in regard to young consumers' psychological and social well-being, the study finds that striving to satisfy social needs could also lead to destructive behaviors, such as alcohol consumption.


Originality/value
– The current research highlights the unavoidable importance of social needs in young adults' mundane consumption and how they strive to satisfy them. Thereby, it yields implications for social well-being by shedding light on the pressures and possibilities faced by young adults in their everyday life.

Abstract
Rather than attending to the social harms underpinning youth offending, justice responses tend to amplify and entrench them. While perhaps less noticeable, inequalities further reside in the systematic disparities in criminalized young adults' opportunities to influence policy and practice and to have control of the choices concerning their present and their future. Resultantly, perhaps, there is a significant disconnect between policy and practice directed towards this group, their lived realities and developmentally specific needs. This article reports on a design-led, participatory study involving 12 criminalized young adults, aged 18–25, oriented to listening to, and learning from, their experiences and visions of social justice in order to influence more socially just responses to offending than we have at present.

Intro -- SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT ALCOHOL USE -- SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT ALCOHOL USE -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW -- Chapter 2 SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY AND SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY -- Vicarious Learning (Modeling) -- Reciprocal Determinism -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 3 ALCOHOL EXPECTANCY THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 4 PROBLEM BEHAVIOR THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 5 SOCIAL COMPARISON THEORY -- Chapter 6 SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 7 SELF-DEROGATION THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 8 THEORY OF REASONED ACTION AND THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 9 PROTOTYPE/WILLINGNESS MODEL -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 10 DEVIANCE REGULATION THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 11 PEER CLUSTER THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 12 REACTANCE THEORY -- Summary and Implications -- Chapter 13 CONCLUSION -- AUTHOR NOTE -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.