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Ausfälle von Pumpsystemen, Rührwerken und Gebläsen zuverlässig vorhersagen? Was wie Hellseherei erscheint, ist mit digitalen Lösungen bereits Realität. Dank Echtzeitüberwachung und Algorithmen werden wichtige Erkenntnisse über rotierende Anlagen gesammelt – und Aussagen über künftige Zustände sicher getroffen.

13 páginas.- 7 figuras.- 92 referencias.- ; The mechanisms by which woody plants recover xylem hydraulic capacity after drought stress are not well understood, particularly with regard to the role of embolism refilling. We evaluated the recovery of xylem hydraulic capacity in young Eucalyptus saligna plants exposed to cycles of drought stress and rewatering. Plants were exposed to moderate and severe drought stress treatments, with recovery monitored at time intervals from 24 h to 6 months after rewatering. The percentage loss of xylem vessels due to embolism (PLV) was quantified at each time point using microcomputed tomography with stem water potential (Ψx) and canopy transpiration (Ec) measured before scans. Plants exposed to severe drought stress suffered high levels of embolism (47.38% ± 10.97% PLV) and almost complete canopy loss. No evidence of embolism refilling was observed at 24 h, 1 week, or 3 weeks after rewatering despite rapid recovery in Ψx. Recovery of hydraulic capacity was achieved over a 6-month period by growth of new xylem tissue, with canopy leaf area and Ec recovering over the same period. These findings indicate that E. saligna recovers slowly from severe drought stress, with potential for embolism to persist in the xylem for many months after rainfall events. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ; This study was supported by an ARC Discovery Project (DP170100761) to BC and TJB and an ARC Future Fellowship (FT130101115) to BC. BM acknowledges support from the ARC Laureate Fellowship FL190100003. CMR‐D was supported by an Individual Fellowship from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska‐Curie grant agreement no. 751918‐AgroPHYS. JMRP was supported by the ORNL, managed by UT‐Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract DE‐AC05‐1008 00OR22725. ; Peer reviewed

The formation of colloidal species of fullerene C60 in two component (xylenedimethylformamide) organic solvents was studied for the first time. The results of the study of the refractive index and UV-visible spectra of C60 solutions were accompanied by an analysis of the particle size using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. A correlation has been established between the change in the refractive index of the solution and the degree of selforganization of fullerene molecules in solution at different concentrations and storage periods. It is shown that in the xylene-dimethylformamide binary system, the absorption spectra of C60 (~0.22 mg/ml) do not retain spectral features in a pure solvents when the solution is stored after 5 days. It has been established that, over time, the C60-xylene-dimethylformamide solution becomes polydisperse, and the sizes of the resulting fullerene nanoaggregates depend on the initial C60 concentration.

In the frame of the European XFActors-project, a study is carried out on the presence, host affiliation and life history of xylem feeding Auchenorrhyncha in Germany. The objective of this work is to acquire data on the potential risk posed by those species for the establishment and spread of X. fastidiosa under central European conditions. While the most likely pathway of the pathogen into this region are infected ornamental plants it has to switch to woody plants to survive cold winter conditions and get established in permanent reservoir plants. Special emphasis is therefore placed on polyphagous xylem-feeding species common in relevant cultures like orchards and vineyards, their host affiliation throughout the vegetation period and their feeding behavior on both herbaceous and woody hosts. The results of this study will improve the knowledge on potential vectors of X. fastidiosa in Central Europe and support rational risk analyses for the establishment of the pathogen in this environment. Results of the first season of the study will be presented. ; Acknowledgment This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N. 727987 "Xylella fastidiosa Active Containment Through a multidisciplinary-Oriented Research Strategy XF-ACTORS".

[EN] The thickening of plant organs is supported by secondary growth, a process by which new vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) are produced. Xylem is composed of several cell types, including xylary fibers, parenchyma and vessel elements. In Arabidopsis, it has been shown that fibers are promoted by the class-I KNOX gene KNAT1 and the plant hormones gibberellins, and are repressed by a small set of receptor-like kinases; however, we lack a mechanistic framework to integrate their relative contributions. Here, we show that DELLAs, negative elements of the gibberellin signaling pathway, physically interact with KNAT1 and impair its binding to KNAT1-binding sites. Our analysis also indicates that at least 37% of the transcriptome mobilized by KNAT1 is potentially dependent on this interaction, and includes genes involved in secondary cell wall modifications and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Moreover, the promotion by constitutive overexpression of KNAT1 of fiber formation and the expression of genes required for fiber differentiation were still reverted by DELLA accumulation, in agreement with post-translational regulation of KNAT1 by DELLA proteins. These results suggest that gibberellins enhance fiber development by promoting KNAT1 activity. ; This work was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (BFU2016-80621-P, BIO2016-71933-P and BIO2016-79147-R to M.A.B., D.A. and J.A., respectively). A.F-B. and N.B-T. were recipients of a Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad FPI Fellowships (BES-2011-045689 and BES-2014-068868, respectively), and A.S.-M. and M.A.B. acknowledge funding from the European Union (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016-746396). J.A. is supported by a Ramon y Cajal contract from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (RYC-2014-15752). ; Felipo-Benavent, A.; Urbez Lagunas, C.; Blanco-Touriñán, N.; Serrano Mislata, A.; Baumberger, N.; Achard, P.; Agustí, J. (2018). Regulation of xylem fiber differentiation by gibberellins through DELLA-KNAT1 interaction. Development. 145(23). ...

The thickening of plant organs is supported by secondary growth, a process by which new vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) are produced. Xylem is composed of several cell types, including xylary fibers, parenchyma and vessel elements. In Arabidopsis, it has been shown that fibers are promoted by the class-I KNOX gene KNAT1 and the plant hormones gibberellins, and repressed by a small set of receptor-like kinases, but we lack a mechanistic framework to integrate their relative contributions. Here we show that DELLAs, negative elements of the gibberellin signaling pathway, physically interact with KNAT1 and impair its binding to KNAT1 binding sites. Our analysis also indicates that at least 37% of the transcriptome mobilized by KNAT1 is potentially dependent on this interaction, and includes genes involved in secondary cell wall modifications and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Moreover, the promotion by constitutive overexpression of KNAT1 of fiber formation and the expression of genes required for fiber differentiation were still reverted by DELLA accumulation, in agreement with post-translational regulation of KNAT1 by DELLA proteins. These results suggest that gibberellins enhance fiber development by promoting KNAT1 activity. ; This work was funded by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (BFU2016-80621-P, BIO2016-71933-P and BIO2016-79147-R to MAB, DA and JA respectively). A.F-B. and N.B-T. were recipients of a MINECO FPI Fellowships (BES-2011-045689 and BES-2014-068868, respectively, and A.S-M and M.A.B. acknowledge funding of the European Union (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016-746396). ; Peer reviewed