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Previous research has extensively studied the determinants of customer loyalty and switching behavior but has given little attention to what happens after a customer has switched away from a service provider. In this article, the perhaps most important manifestation of such postswitching behavior—namely, postswitching negative word of mouth (PNWOM)—is investigated. Drawing from dissonance theory, hypotheses are developed and tested in an empirical study. Results from the telecommunications industry indicate that PNWOM is given frequently and that product involvement, market mavenism, perceived risk, satisfaction with the new provider, and the reason for switching the provider explain PNWOM. Implications for customer management are discussed.

The first edition of The Secrets of Word-of-Mouth Marketing provided readers with step-by-step guidance for constructing a word-of-mouth marketing campaign that would penetrate successive audience tiers and build sales exponentially. Extensively revised to reflect the profound changes in the marketplace, from new attitudes and communication methods, to new ways of relating to increasingly wary Web 2.0 customers, the second edition of this groundbreaking book shows readers how they can move beyond traditional approaches to inspire the kind of word of mouth that catches fire and generates revenue. Featuring enlightening case studies and examples, as well as an updated version of the author's innovative Decision Matrix for identifying potential buyers and determining and crafting the right kind of message, The Secrets of Word-of-Mouth Marketing simplifies the process of choosing the delivery method, harnessing the power of influencers, and measuring results. From how to navigate the latest digital media to what Malcolm Gladwell got wrong, this is still the last word on word of mouth.

Do dissatisfied customers engage in more or less word of mouth than satisfied customers? There is theoretical and empirical support for both possibilities. To better understand this issue, the authors developed a utility-based model of the relationship between customer satisfaction and word of mouth. The hypothesized functional form-an asymmetric U-shape-cannot be rejected based on data from the United States and Sweden. In addition, the estimation results based on the two samples are similar, suggesting that the proposed relationship is generalizable. The findings also indicate that although dissatisfied customers do engage in greater word of mouth than satisfied ones, common suppositions concerning the size of this difference appear to be exaggerated.

Die Generierung und Lenkung Word-of-Mouth (WOM) ist eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe für Marketingpraktiker, welche im Zuge von Social Media zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnt. Die Dekomposition von WOM in acht überschaubaren Dimensionen ermöglicht dem Marketing, wünschenswerte Komponenten der WOM-Aktivitäten von Kunden zu stärken. Ein Branchenvergleich zeigt inhärente Unterschiede in den resultierenden WOM-Typen je nach zugrundeliegendem Produkterlebnis. Praktiker sollten beim Verfolgen generischer WOM-Strategien darauf achten, dass diese nur bedingt an produkt- und markenspezifischen Gegebenheiten ausgerichtet werden können.
Generating and steering Word-of-Mouth (WOM) in social media is a challenging task for marketing practitioners. Disentangling WOM into eight manageable dimensions enables marketers to strengthen desirable components of consumers´ WOM activities. An industry comparison reveals inherent differences in WOM types. Practitioners should be careful when pursuing a generic WOM strategy as it can be misaligned with product and brand settings.
Keywords: wom, nische, marken, gebrauchsgüter, branchenvergleich

AbstractWe develop a word‐of‐mouth search model where information flows from the old to the new generation for an experience good with unknown quality. We study the features of the social network that determine product quality and welfare and characterize the demand‐side (under provision of search effort) and supply‐side (inefficient entry by firms) factors that result in inefficiencies. One striking result is to show that the more connected but also the less‐unequal a friendship network is (in the sense of second order stochastic dominance of the degree distribution), the less can disreputable (low‐quality) firms thrive in equilibrium.

ABSTRACT Word-of-mouth has been considered one of the most powerful forms of communication in the market today. Understanding what makes word-of-mouth such a persuasive and powerful communication tool is important to organizations that intend to build strong relationships with consumers. For this reason, organizations are concerned about promoting positive word-of-mouth and retarding negative word-of-mouth, which can be harmful to the image of the company or a brand. This work focuses on the major aspects involving word-of-mouth communication. Recommendations to generate positive word-of-mouth and retard negative word-of-mouth are also highlighted.