Suchergebnisse

Northern Territory Government ; Water allocation plans are established under section 22B of the Water Act 1992, which states (in part) that water resource management in a water control district is to be in accordance with the water allocation plan declared in respect of the district. This Draft Oolloo Dolostone Aquifer Water Allocation Plan 2019-2029 applies to all groundwater within the Oolloo Dolostone Aquifer (ODA) and all surface water discharges derived from that aquifer. It provides the basis for decisions on the management of the ODA; that is it recommends allocation strategies and principles to protect the environmental and cultural values of the Daly and its tributaries, while optimising the beneficial uses of the ODA for sustainable development. The Plan's principal objectives are to: • protect the environmental and cultural values of the region, particularly focusing on groundwater base flows to the Daly River and other groundwater dependent ecosystems • protect existing consumptive beneficial uses of groundwater • enable development of the groundwater resource to realise its potential for use in the region • communicate plan objectives, management principles and resource status • establish a framework for learning and continuous improvement to maximise environmental, social and economic outcomes. The plan seeks to protect the unique Daly River system. Its environmental values include its diverse aquatic fauna with two nationally threatened elasmobranchs (sharks/rays/skates), nearly 100 recorded species of fish and eight of the nine species of freshwater turtle found in the NT. These rely on the unbroken dry season river flows which occur because of groundwater discharge from the ODA. Groundwater discharge occurs at distinct point source springs, broad seepage zones along the river banks and as concealed springs and seepage zones in the river bed. Maintaining these discharges and dry season flows by not extracting too much groundwater or surface water from the system is the key to their protection. ; Key Points -- Summary -- Recognition of Traditional Ownership -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Title -- 1.2 Plan area -- 1.3 Date of effect -- 1.4 Period of effect -- 1.5 Plan context -- 1.5.1 Regional landscape and land uses -- 1.5.2 Regional economy -- 1.6 Legislative Framework -- 1.6.1 Water Act 1992 -- 1.6.2 Water allocation plans -- 1.6.3 Northern Territory Water Allocation Planning Framework -- 1.6.4 Strategic Aboriginal Water Reserve -- 1.7 Plan development pathway -- 2 Purpose and objectives -- 2.1 Purpose -- 2.2 Objectives -- 2.3 Values of the ODA -- 2.4 Beneficial uses and water quality objectives -- 3 Water resources (availability and condition) -- 3.1 Climate and rainfall -- 3.1.1 Future Climate -- 3.2 Surface water resources -- 3.2.1 Surface water quality and river health -- 3.3 Groundwater resources -- 3.3.1 Groundwater management zones -- 3.3.2 Groundwater Quality -- 3.4 Surface water groundwater connectivity -- 3.5 Hydrologic modelling -- 3.5.1 Groundwater modelling results -- 3.5.2 River flow modelling results -- 3.6 Natural Water Balance -- 4 Water uses -- 4.1 Water use overview -- 4.2 Non-consumptive use -- 4.2.1 Environmental water values and requirements -- 4.2.2 Cultural water values and requirements -- 4.3 Consumptive water values and requirements -- 4.3.1 Current consumptive water entitlements -- 4.3.2 Exemptions from licensing -- 4.3.3 Licensed extraction -- 4.3.4 Current consumptive water use -- 4.3.5 Future consumptive requirements -- 5 Estimated sustainable yield (ESY) -- 5.1 Estimated sustainable yield for the Oolloo Dolostone Aquifer -- 5.2 Allocation of water to beneficial uses -- 5.2.1 Non-consumptive beneficial uses -- 5.2.2 Water for consumptive use -- 6 Water management framework -- 6.1 Overview of plan objectives, desired outcomes, management strategies and performance indicators -- 6.2 Water accounting period -- 6.3 Protection of environmental and cultural values -- 6.3.1 Local scale environmental water – groundwater discharge protection areas -- 6.3.2 Aboriginal cultural values -- 6.3.3 Monitoring triggers -- 6.4 Licensing and other relevant regulation, policy and procedures -- 6.4.1 Licences -- 6.4.2 Licence conditions -- 6.4.3 Licensed use from SWR allocations -- 6.4.4 Licence security levels and reliability -- 6.4.5 Annual announced allocations -- 6.4.6 Return of unused water -- 6.4.7 Bore work permits -- 6.4.8 Consideration of applications for water for non-priority consumptive beneficial uses -- 6.4.9 Water trading -- 6.4.10 Exemptions from the requirement to hold a licence -- 6.4.11 Other relevant policies -- 7 Risk identification and mitigation strategies -- 7.1 Risk and uncertainty -- 7.1.1 Climate variability and change -- 7.1.2 Land use change -- 7.1.3 Caveats or limitations on the underpinning science -- 7.1.4 Surface water extraction and other unaccounted for water use -- 7.2 Risk assignment -- 7.3 Mitigation strategies -- 8 Implementation, monitoring and review -- 8.1 Adaptive management framework -- 8.1.1 Plan review -- 8.1.2 Adaptive management framework - licensing -- 8.2 Implementation -- 8.3 Reporting -- 8.4 Evaluating achievement of plan objectives -- Schedule A: Declaration of the Oolloo Dolostone Aquifer Water Allocation Plan 2019-2029 -- Schedule B: Notional allocations to SWR rights holders -- Schedule C: Risk definition and classification -- Glossary -- Abbreviations -- References ; Made available by the Northern Territory Library via the Publications (Legal Deposit) Act 2004 (NT).

The Northern Territory Government aims to set new standards in pursuit of sustainability and the achievement of conservation objectives within the Daly Basin (Map 1). This Integrated Planning Framework, which also serves as a sustainability framework, aims to provide the basis for realising the identified agricultural potential of the Basin in a manner which places a priority on the maintenance of the area's natural systems and biodiversity. - Summary ; Summary -- Introduction -- Current values and uses of the Daly Basin -- Conservation planning -- Water allocation planning -- Agricultural potential -- Controlling land clearing -- Regional land use plan -- References ; Attachment A : on cover

Bibliography: p. 32. ; Introduction -- Purpose -- Definition -- Discussion -- Steps in the land use planning process -- Acknowledgments -- Organization -- Authorizing legislation -- Institutions and administration -- Citizen participation -- Jobs to do in planning -- Inventory and basic data collection -- Base maps -- Land and water areas -- Soils and geology -- Land use and land cover -- Land ownership -- Population -- Establishing planning units -- Identification of present and estimating future needs -- Land needs -- Water needs -- People needs -- Description of physical factors -- Physiography, geology and soils -- Climate and stream flow -- Land cover -- Lakes, estuaries, wetlands and beaches -- Demographic, sociological and development factors -- Population -- Types of development -- Land uses -- Estimates of future needs -- Water needs -- Policy -- Goals and objectives -- Developing a workable plan -- Assumptions -- Introducing plan elements -- A model plan -- Appendix -- standard Land use classes -- Bibliography. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The basic problem that this work wishes to address concerns the unsustainable use of water resources in many places of the world. In some places, the problem leads to human suffering and death while also obstructing social and economic development. In other places, where the consequences are less severe, natural environments are seriously damaged. A significant part of the solution to this problem lies in the planning and decision-making domain. The overall aim of this thesis is therefore to contribute to the available knowledge on planning and management for the sustainable use of water resources. Planning as a process is in focus, both in itself and in the organisational and legal contexts that affect how planning processes are performed. The main methodological approach used, and the theoretical contribution made here, is the deriving and discussion of a set of deductive criteria for the development and assessment of planning processes for the sustainable use of water resources (Papers III and IV). The criteria were derived using a multi-disciplinary approach, where the relevant literature on how to transform the concepts of 'integration' and 'participation' – both key principles for sustainable development in relation to planning – into an analytical framework of twelve criteria, was reviewed and synthesised. The derived criteria concern issues such as, how to integrate knowledge and values into the planning process and how to generate commitment, legitimacy or acceptance for the resulting plan, by democratic means. The criteria are then used to assess the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) – an extensive legal framework which will steer water planning in the EU Member States for several decades to come – and to assess the planning processes that follows on from WFD implementation in Sweden. The analysis contained in (Paper V) showed that the WFD erects few formal barriers to good planning practices. The analysis also showed however, that the planning processes that follow on from its implementation will need to be adapted to compensate for the weak legal support in a number of important areas, namely, the use of knowledge from beyond the natural sciences, the use of methodologies for the explicit handling of values and the use of procedures for democratic participation. Several recommendations are also made in respect of how the WFD could be supplemented in order for it to become a stronger support in planning processes for the sustainable use of water. The analysis of the ongoing water planning processes in Sweden (Paper VI) showed that knowledge of how to work with values and how to create forms and methods of participation and collaboration remain clearly underdeveloped. In consequence, the main objectives behind participation – the provision of knowledge and perspectives for the process and the creation of legitimacy, acceptance or engagement – are actually at risk. Recommendations include complementing the existing knowledge base with insights from the social sciences and the humanities, to create well informed learning systems within the new water administration and to make use of alternative methods for the handling of values. In addition to this, two papers from the thesis (Papers I and II) concern the situation pertaining before WFD implementation in Sweden. By comparing the system for municipal land and water planning (the former main system for long-term water planning in Sweden) with WFD prescriptions, and with the organisation of the new water administration bodies, some potential implications of WFD implementation were identified. From here it followed, that the development of forms of co-operation between the concerned administrative organisations, and in respect of the democratic involvement of the public and other concerned actors, were crucial in creating an integrative, effective and democratic system for water planning in Sweden. The thesis also illustrates the use of a tentative model for the operationalisation of 'sustainable development'. The tentative model is described in the thesis, and it constitutes the methodological baseline for the thesis, since five of the papers contained herein use various approaches related to this model.

The purpose of this monograph is to examine the past, present and future economic circumstances of Aboriginal people living around the Daly River in the Northern Territory. To be precise, the area under study is bounded in the south by the Moyle River, in west by the sea and in the north and east by the Daly River and its immediate environs… The Study is in two parts. In Part 1, the history of developments in the area is outlined. Part 2 discusses contemporary matters, beginning with a detailed description of conditions found at the Mission and Peppimenarti during field work in 1982. This is followed by the presentation of social accounting material. These data allow a comparison to be made between the communities, with Australia as a whole, and with another Aboriginal community for which the author has collected similar data, namely Nguiu on Bathurst Island. Issues which are discussed in this context include the overall level of dependence of the communities on government aid, levels of investment, economic structure, and European beneficiaries from trade with these communities. Finally, I discuss development problems and prospects and offer some speculation about the future.

The Jordan River basin is subject to extreme and increasing water scarcity. Management of transboundary water resources in the basin is closely intertwined with political conflicts in the region. We have jointly developed with stakeholders and experts from the riparian countries, a new dynamic consensus database and—supported by hydro-climatological model simulations and participatory scenario exercises in the GLOWA (Global Change and the Hydrological Cycle) Jordan River project—a basin-wide Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) tool, which will allow testing of various unilateral and multilateral adaptation options under climate and socio-economic change. We present its validation and initial (climate and socio-economic) scenario analyses with this budget and allocation tool, and invite further adaptation and application of the tool for specific Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) problems.

AbstractThe year 1987‐88 has been designated as European Year of the Environment (EYE). It is against this background that the paper has been prepared, to illustrate how the differing requirements of the river engineer and the conservationist can be intergrated into a working practice for dredging.The paper outlines the procedures and practices adopted by the Norwich Division of Anglian Water (AW) in implementing the policy decision of Anglian Water (AW) in implementing the policy decision to undertake River Corridor Surveys (RCSs) prior to all major dredging works.The requirements for the survey and the methodology are discussed, together with the reports produced and the audits carried out. Their impact and implications on the operational aspect of undertaking the dredging works, and the method used to prepare a working site plan and monitor the site are detailed, and some indication of costs is given.

Includes bibliographical references. ; 2019 Fall. ; Water underpins the survival of the ecosystem and of human civilization, which exists within a certain delicate balance. Water is especially crucial to the economic development of developing countries that happen to have limited water supplies. The state of Turkey once called Asia Minor for its large size, has relatively more freshwater supplies than most countries in the Middle East. However, the interior of Turkey, in which the Akarçay Basin is located is water scarce. The Akarçay River Basin, one of 25 rives basins in Turkey, is located in a semi-arid region of the country. It has several towns and villages as well as a thriving agricultural sector, in addition to some manufacturing, mining, and tourism. The basin has two large lakes around which lots of fruits and vegetables are grown for local consumption and for exporting to the rest of Turkey. The hydrological pressures in this basin have been mounting due to physical water scarcity, elevated water needs of the domestic and agricultural sectors, rising frequency of droughts, and declining water quality due to high levels of pollution. Despite the agricultural importance of the Akarçay Basin, there is a dearth of studies in water resources planning and management. This thesis seeks to assess the status of water management in the Akarçay Basin and to develop policy options for sustainable management of water resources in this important region. The research also analyzes institutional and planning frameworks of how river basins have been managed in Turkey and examines actors and institutions, historical experiences, and geographic contexts of two basins in developed countries, the Colorado River Basin in North America and the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia, as well as water challenges in two developing countries, namely Iran, and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East. This multiple case study approach is useful in understanding successful water management practices that can provide insights for decision-makers in the Akarçay Basin. The thesis finds that over the last few decades, water resources in the Akarçay Basin have been managed unsustainably. This is mostly due to poor governance and government indecision in finalizing a modern comprehensive water law. Furthermore, it finds that the basin has a complex water management system where responsibilities are not well-defined. That is to say; numerous institutions have overlapping responsibilities that often do not coordinate with one another. In addition, climate change is projected to affect the availability of water supplies in the basin adversely. Finally, the thesis proposes a few policy recommendations for how to sustainably manage water supplies in the basin.

The case study investigated was the 208 water quality planning conducted in the Ashley Valley, around Vernal, Utah. The region is expected to urbanize rapidly due to energy development on adjacent state and federal land. The water quality planning was being conducted in the absence of substantial prior land use planning. A method is developed in the thesis for evaluating plans and methodologies. The method utilizes preformulated evaluation criteria to analyze structure and function of the methdology, political context, informational inputs, limiting factors, trigger factors, causeeffect relationships, and impacts of methodology on planning recommendations. The criteria collected from the literature and agency guidelines are consolidated into an evaluation model. Data were collected through field interviews, on-site inspection, and examination of workplans, critical path charts and plan documents. The planning was well conducted overall. However, the water quality planning methodology did not maximize the utilization of land use information, nor did it integrate the available land use information into the analysis as fully as possible. Utilization of land use information could have been increased through greater emphasis on land use in the original workplan, more guidance to staff through specification of land use analysis subtasks, tighter coordination of staff, and consideration of a broader range of alternative scenarios. The cursory nature of the land use analysis limited the number of alternative land use patterns identified. This in turn limited the number of potential pollution sources identified. The local political context discouraged serious consideration of some alternative land use patterns, and the use of land use controls as a management strategy.

Over the past 60 years governments have proposed the development of agriculture in Australia's north. One of the prime examples of this is found in the Ord region, in the east Kimberley region of Western Australia and Northern Territory. Ord River flows have been regulated since two large dams were built in 1963 and 1972 to provide water for irrigation, hydro-electric power and other commercial needs. There are plans for substantial expansion of the Ord River Irrigation Scheme (ORIS) Ord River with a new water allocation plan (WAP) being finalised at the end of 2013. This paper discusses the new Ord (WAP) using an integrated water management approach. It finds that water planning would be assisted with more transparent risk assessment, social input and economic evaluation, and that negotiating the multiple perspectives of stakeholders would need to consider the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems and placing an economic value on this natural capital. These lessons are applicable to the proposals to develop other water resources in the North. ; Full Text

The role of water in spatial planning has received increasing attention in recent years. It was, for example, one of the leading motives in the preparation of the latest National Spatial Planning Note for The Netherlands. For the preparation of such spatial plans, and to support the associated policy analysis, there is a need to fully identify and characterize the interactions between the water sector and spatial planning and establish the process for making consistent joint projections for the water sector and land-use. This should account for spatial claims from the water sector, balance those claims with claims from other sectors, and feed back spatial constraints and opportunities. Land-use markets and government policies (translated e.g. in spatial reservations) form an important input in this balance. Modeling is indispensable to keep track of spatial characteristics and trace changes. Most of the available modeling considers a layered structure with a layer for national/regional projections and a GIS based layer to keep track of land use changes. Basically such model makes a distribution (rule based) of the national projections into the GIS based spatial raster, followed by an impact assessment based on the changes in the raster. Those models are generally weak in representing the processes driving land use changes such as the housing and labor market and – the water sector. The challenge remains to set up a suitable module covering these spatial - and water sector development processes. Based on the experience of the authors with many water studies and the recent development of a space-transport modeling tool (integration of transport and land-use), a sketch will be made of the requirements for such module. The scope for such planning tool will be illustrated (with data for The Netherlands), addressing key aspects such as competition for space, costs, risk, and environmental impact.

During the expansion of urban areas, small natural reserves have often been left intact within the built environment as central elements of biodiversity conservation, ecological connectivity, landscape sustainability, and quality of life of urban dwellers. Consequently, the surrounding urbanized landscape may impact the environmental conditions of these reserves (e.g., high temperatures, low moisture conditions), resulting in the need for extensive maintenance. This study presents an estimation of the water balance over two years (2017–2018) in three small urban reserves (between 2 and 30 ha) within the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area in Australia, for the purpose of understanding tree water use. Measurements of micrometeorological variables, soil moisture content profiles, water-table levels, sap flow velocities, and stem diameter variations were used to quantify the water sources of tree transpiration in these reserves. Results revealed that, despite the urban surroundings and the climate variations, these reserves have enough water to sustain tree transpiration. In two of the three reserves, groundwater was pivotal in sustaining transpiration rates; specifically, groundwater was estimated to contribute about 30–40% of the total transpiration amount during the driest periods of the year. Groundwater also played an essential role during nights with temperatures above 25 °C, helping trees to maintain night-time water use from 3 to 16% of the daily water use. In the third reserve, the presence of a shallow layer of heavy clay supplied water to the trees, which were able to maintain relatively constant transpiration rates throughout the year. These results demonstrate the importance of understanding the water regime of each urban reserve in order to support government authorities in preserving these ecosystems.