Suchergebnisse

AbstractInter‐basin water transfer projects (WTPs) address water scarcity by lifting water uphill, posing energy challenges due to diverse topography. This study therefore analyses historical trends in WTP distance, average annual water volumes delivered, water lift and pumping capacity to develop the Water Transfer Energy Efficiency Index (WTEEI) and apply it for the assessment of WTPs. Results indicate that the WTEEI is a valuable tool for evaluating WTP energy efficiency. While no definitive trend in WTEEI values was observed, the findings suggest the need for monitoring of energy use of WTPs and more research to better understand and improve the energy efficiency of these large‐scale infrastructure projects. By introducing a simple, intuitive and rapid assessment tool for evaluating energy efficiency in WTPs, this study addresses a critical gap in the water–energy field, namely, the evaluation of energy usage in WTPs and the identification of energy‐efficiency improvements for current and future WTPs.

Water transfer plan studied Water diversion scheme considered Four options for moving water from the Red Deer River to dry east J country via canal or pipeline are being considered. At present, the Nevis Canal option appears most economical. ,/ , i Approximate I area affected I by project I ^ ted Deal NQ Dry Island Buffalo Jump Prov. park Ml . Option Farrel ^ Chin Lakes Scale in km 10 20 Source: Alberta Environment Map by GREG NEIMAN By JIM LOZERON of The Advocate A major water transfer plan that would tap the Red Deer River to quench the thirst of drought- stricken southeastern Alberta is mov­ing forward with the Alberta government's blessing. A committee, with representa­tives from Alberta Agriculture, Alberta Environment and the Alberta Water Resources Com­mission, has completed the first phase of study to move water to the head of the Berry and Sound­ing Creeks just north of Hanna, according to officials. As part of the proposal, the special areas board has applied to the Energy Resources Conser­vation Board for permission to build a hydroelectric generating station at the Dickson Dam. The special areas board admin­isters more than five million acres of dry grassland south of Coronation for Alberta Munici­pal Affairs. Brought under government control in 1938 after 37 munici­palities went bankrupt, Special Areas 2, 3 and 4 rely heavily on agriculture. But a severe drought the past two years depleted already tight water supplies, forcing ranchers to move cattle to other areas of the province for grazing in order to avoid selling their herds. " We have had a constant prob­lem with water in all the towns and villages because of the low level of rainfall and the fact that groundwater levels have dropped to a point where they are no longer able to get good quality water," special areas board chairman Ab Grover said. " We are at the point now where we are no longer able to continue to see the country dry up." The second stage of the three-phase study will examine the en­vironmental impact of the plan, including the ability of the Red Deer River to supply up to 250 cubic feet per second for as many as 150 days days a year, be­tween spring and fall. Enough water is collected be­hind the $ 160- million Dickson Dam, opened in 1984, during peak flow periods to ensure a minimum flow of 560 cubic feet per second. Please see PRELIMINARY, Page 2A

Water transfer plan studied Water diversion scheme considered Four options for moving water from the Red Deer River to dry east J country via canal or pipeline are being considered. At present, the Nevis Canal option appears most economical. ,/ , i Approximate I area affected I by project I ^ ted Deal NQ Dry Island Buffalo Jump Prov. park Ml . Option Farrel ^ Chin Lakes Scale in km 10 20 Source: Alberta Environment Map by GREG NEIMAN By JIM LOZERON of The Advocate A major water transfer plan that would tap the Red Deer River to quench the thirst of drought- stricken southeastern Alberta is mov­ing forward with the Alberta government's blessing. A committee, with representa­tives from Alberta Agriculture, Alberta Environment and the Alberta Water Resources Com­mission, has completed the first phase of study to move water to the head of the Berry and Sound­ing Creeks just north of Hanna, according to officials. As part of the proposal, the special areas board has applied to the Energy Resources Conser­vation Board for permission to build a hydroelectric generating station at the Dickson Dam. The special areas board admin­isters more than five million acres of dry grassland south of Coronation for Alberta Munici­pal Affairs. Brought under government control in 1938 after 37 munici­palities went bankrupt, Special Areas 2, 3 and 4 rely heavily on agriculture. But a severe drought the past two years depleted already tight water supplies, forcing ranchers to move cattle to other areas of the province for grazing in order to avoid selling their herds. " We have had a constant prob­lem with water in all the towns and villages because of the low level of rainfall and the fact that groundwater levels have dropped to a point where they are no longer able to get good quality water," special areas board chairman Ab Grover said. " We are at the point now where we are no longer able to continue to see the country dry up." The second stage of the three-phase study will examine the en­vironmental impact of the plan, including the ability of the Red Deer River to supply up to 250 cubic feet per second for as many as 150 days days a year, be­tween spring and fall. Enough water is collected be­hind the $ 160- million Dickson Dam, opened in 1984, during peak flow periods to ensure a minimum flow of 560 cubic feet per second. Please see PRELIMINARY, Page 2A

The Tagus-Segura water transfer has generated significant value in the region that receives its water resources. Despite this value, some agents seek the cancellation of this important infrastructure, arguing economic, environmental, social, and political problems. With the aim of providing information on the efficiency of the Tagus-Segura aqueduct as a water resource management measure, especially in terms of the importance of water and the tariffs paid by the users of the aqueduct, this paper presents valuable information to analyse how to improve the functioning of the infrastructure. Thus, the southeast of Spain obtains a high return on the water received from the water transfer while covering all the financial costs derived from it. However, in 2017 a modification was introduced in the tariff that forced water users to cover the construction and fixed costs of the infrastructure as if the total amount of water agreed upon had been received, when in reality a lower amount had been received. This problem was not solved by the proposed tariffs for 2021, and it is therefore essential for the efficient operation of water transfer to modify these tariffs so that they are fair and reduce existing problems, thus avoiding the cancellation of an infrastructure that has not yet been amortised and which provides many benefits to the receiving region.

The Tagus-Segura water transfer has generated significant value in the region that receives its water resources. Despite this value, some agents seek the cancellation of this important infrastructure, arguing economic, environmental, social, and political problems. With the aim of providing information on the efficiency of the Tagus-Segura aqueduct as a water resource management measure, especially in terms of the importance of water and the tariffs paid by the users of the aqueduct, this paper presents valuable information to analyse how to improve the functioning of the infrastructure. Thus, the southeast of Spain obtains a high return on the water received from the water transfer while covering all the financial costs derived from it. However, in 2017 a modification was introduced in the tariff that forced water users to cover the construction and fixed costs of the infrastructure as if the total amount of water agreed upon had been received, when in reality a lower amount had been received. This problem was not solved by the proposed tariffs for 2021, and it is therefore essential for the efficient operation of water transfer to modify these tariffs so that they are fair and reduce existing problems, thus avoiding the cancellation of an infrastructure that has not yet been amortised and which provides many benefits to the receiving region. ; This research was financed by the Office of the Vice President of Research and Knowledge Transfer of the University of Alicante, Spain (Marcos García-López has a scholarship for the Training of University Teachers from the University of Alicante, UAFPU2019-16) and by the University Institute of Water and Environmental Sciences of the University of Alicante.

Presented at the 2001 USCID water management conference, Transbasin water transfers on June 27-30, 2001 in Denver, Colorado. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Transbasin water transfer is an important activity in the field of water resources development. Although a river basin is the basic hydrologic unit for water resources, the same may not work out to be a proposition for optimum utilisation in the case of surplus water. The assessment may bring out that some basins have surplus water whereas the others may have deficit supplies. The National Water Policy was adopted by the Government of lndia in the year 1987. The policy emphasises the transbasin transfer of water. The policy states "Water should be made available to water short areas by transfer from other areas including transfers from one river basin to another based on a national perspective, after taking into account the requirements of the areas/basins". For meeting the shortages, transbasin transfers of water may be necessary. The necessity of transbasin transfers will depend upon the future projections for the enhanced demand for irrigation, domestic, industrial requirements etc. Considering medium variant, the population of India in the year 2050 AD is expected to be 1640 million as per "Sustaining Water - An Update (1994)" by the United Nations. The food requirement has to be worked out on the same basis. At present, the annual food grain production in India is about 200 million tonnes. This annual requirement of food grain would increase to about 500 million tonnes by the year 2050 AD. Accordingly, it is imperative to have transbasin transfer of water so as to facilitate increased irrigation to meet the food grain production needs and other usages etc. It is considered that the population of the country may stabilise by that time. Transfer of water from surplus basins to the deficit basins will to some extent solve the problem of uneven spatial distribution of water resources in the country. For attaining this, it is envisaged to construct large reservoirs to store monsoon flows for diversion. The main issues are economics, time frame and environmental. The more important issue is the concurrence of States of a basin on its surplus and the extent of such surplus. Finally, the integrated planning at the basin level takes into account all demands, which will indicate the quantum of surplus or deficit.

Often enough, social welfare and private benefit do not align for quasi-public goods/services. The inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) project provides a vivid example of this. In this paper, following the game-theoretical approach, we derive an optimal Ramsey pricing scheme to resolve these conflicts. We try to compare traditional supply chain management models with an optimal Ramsey pricing scheme, with an enforcement of coordination among firms. Using simulation techniques, we compute numerical estimates under three regimes: a standard equilibrium decision framework, a coordination decision model and a coordinated Ramsey pricing scheme. Our results show the relative welfare impact of different settings, revealing that the optimal pricing scheme based on the two-part tariff structure cannot only improve social welfare, but also ensure a target profit for participating firms. Lastly, our findings have strong policy implications for the government with profit regulation and the control of water resources.