Suchergebnisse

Waste printed circuit boards make a complex recyclable material containing 15-20% Cu, 0.005-0.03% Au, 0.03-0.29% Ag, and therefore they can be of potential interest for Russian non-ferrous metals industry. Even though waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) fall under the category of radio and electronic waste, its chemical composition and sources of origin differentiate such scrap from the standard radio and electronic waste, which mainly come from computer components and electronic devices designed for military application. The authors of this paper look at the aspects of WPCB generation and collection while drawing a comparison with foreign markets. They offer a supposition that Russia may be behind the developed regions (EU in the first place) in terms of the WPCB collection levels. Two approaches are offered on how to narrow the gap: on the basis of electronics and home appliances consumption history estimate how much scrap can be generated in theory; and consider the amount of electronic waste generated to estimate the potential generation of WPCB. The results of the study helped estimate the potential generation and collection of WPCB in Russia. The relevant collection coefficient was calculated on the basis of the analysis results. A comparison with the markets in the developed (Scandinavian) countries indicates that it wouldn't be impossible to scale up the WPCB collection and recycling in Russia. The authors conclude that the scrap collection can be increased. So far only a small amount of scrap has been recycled, and the most part of it is stored at solid waste landfills causing environmental pollution. © 2019, "Ore and Metals" Publishing house. All rights reserved.

A significant innovation of the 20th century, the printed circuit board (PCB), and its components, i.e. printed wiring board (PWB) plus integrated circuits (ICs), are ubiquitous, even if they are not always visible, but are instead tucked away inside of useful gadgets. From very small segments for simple computations in children's toys, to dense, multi layered, highly complex arrays of PCBs present housed in stacks of black boxes in server rooms all over the world, these workhorses of the modern world are produced to meet the technological needs of billions of businesses, government organisations, and individuals. In a world of rapid technological innovation, toys, personal devices, and business machines are all upgraded and improved on a regular basis. It is well established that e-waste, or Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), is an increasing waste stream. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the life span of computers in 1997 was on average six years, but more recently, in 2005, the life span of a computer is just two years. This estimate is likely to have worsened rather than improved since 2005. Research has characterised the electronic waste (e-waste) stream, and has proposed various recovery methods. It is also worth noting that characterising the waste stream and making discoveries towards better recovery clearly demonstrate the value proposition inherent in doing so. This paper discusses recovering copper from waste Printed Circuit Board (PCB), a common component of e-waste, specifically PCB from mobile phones (MPCB), which have been demonstrated to have a short lifespan. Additionally, mobiles are increasingly common, by some estimates production has exceeded the quantity of one smart phone per person worldwide. Processing of mobile phones using heat treatment has been proven effective in recovering materials from waste MPCB, this paper discusses options for recovery of copper at different temperatures.