Suchergebnisse

European Union Council Directive 2013/51/EURATOM recently sets out so-called indicator parameters for: radon, tritium and indicative dose of water intended for human consumption. The aim of this research was to elaborate an effective procedure for determination of radon and radium (226,228)Ra isotopes (which are potentially the main contributors to the internal dose from drinking and cooking water) and to find the possible relationships between these radionuclides in underground water reservoirs and (222)Rn concentration in the soil gas in their vicinity. The research was performed by applying a non-volatile and water-immiscible scintillation cocktail based on a pure diisopropylnaphthalene (Ultima Gold F: UGF), which allow for efficient radon extraction from 0.5 dm(3) of water samples to 20 cm(3) of scintillation phase and its direct determination with a detection limit of 5 × 10(–3) Bq dm(−3). The further preliminary concentration of 3 dm(3) of crude water samples by evaporation to 0.5 dm(3) samples led to the removal of all unsupported (222)Rn activity and allowed the (226)Ra determination via equivalent (222)Rn detection after one-month samples storage using a low-background Triathler liquid scintillation counter in the α/β separation counting mode. Together with determination of (226)Ra isotope in water samples, the simultaneous measurements of (228)Ra and (222)Rn radionuclides concentrations in water as well as (222)Rn activity in the soil gas around the water supply sites were performed. The achieved limit of (226)Ra detection was at a very low level of 10(–3) Bq dm(−3). The measured values of (226)Ra concentration in 50 public underground water supply units for the Kalisz district of Poland were relatively low and ranged from below detection limit to 28.5 × 10(–3) Bq dm(−3) with arithmetic mean and median values of 12.9 and 12.2 × 10(–3) Bq dm(−3), respectively. Weak correlations were observed between activity concentrations of (226)Ra and (222)Rn in the crude water samples (R(2) = 0.31) and (222)Rn in ...

This paper is an ethnographic examination of the early social life of a project to map Costa Rica's aquifers using LandSat imagery and a specialized algorithm. The project aims to make subterranean formations accessible for public agencies mediating recent environmental conflicts over underground water, which have been diagnosed as the country's first "water war." I analyze the presentation to the public of this project and the technology it uses to show how vision and touch are conceptual resources that people use to describe the technicalities of satellite imagery. Attending to the semiotic and technical power of vision and touch requires a nonessentialist understanding of the senses. It requires moving away from a narrow understanding of sensing as embodied, phenomenological practice. Focusing on the role of texture as that which operates in the interstices of vision and touch, I propose going beyond panoptic imaginaries in order to grasp the diverse social lives that technologies such as satellite imaging have.

Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to determining whether the Gonzales County Underground Water Conservation District is currently operational, based on District performance under its management plan and compliance with basic statutory requirements for groundwater districts.

Groundwater is one of the cleanest natural sources of drinking water available, which, at the same time, often requires deironing - removal of the dissolved iron ions - before the water could be used. In this paper, there are describe the preparation, characterization, and deironing properties of surface-modified refractory chamotte granules, used as active components of fillers for deironing filters. For this research, chamotte surface modification was made by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) approach of an aqueous solution of synthetic iron nitrate and citric acid with the different iron-to-chamotte ratios. An iron-rich precipitate from deironing filters was used as a source of iron for the preparation of a precursor solution. Obtained materials were characterized using diffraction, spectroscopic and microscopic methods. The SCS modification resulted in the formation of layers of hematite Fe3O4 nanocrystallites of ~5-15 nm on the surface of refractory chamotte granules. It was shown the effect of the dose of iron nitrate on the absorbed iron oxide species content on the surface of the modified chamotte granules and its influence on the surface and operational characteristics. Pilot-plant deironing tests showed that an increase in the concentration of iron on the chamotte granules surface from 5.8 wt% for unmodified samples, to 19.0, 48.7, and 55.8 wt% for the modified ones, led to the respective increase in the deironing efficiency from 41% to 65%, 73% and 78%, respectively. © 2021 The Authors. ; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation: K2-2020-024 ; The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the framework of the Increase Competitiveness Program of NUST "MISiS" (No. K2-2020-024 ), implemented by a governmental decree dated 16th of March 2013, N 211.

The objective of this research in aim at finding out the information related to the implementation of Local Government Regulation No.10 2002 obout underground water management. The research finding reveal that this regulation has been well implemented based on data which collected by applying interview. Most of Bekasi people stuted that information about this regulation formal from other people and well socialized by local goverment in change of.