Suchergebnisse

Abstract

Introduction
EN 14325:2018 and ISO 16602:2012 provide guidelines for testing chemical protective clothing against chemicals with different criteria. Taiwan's CNS primarily favours ISO 16602. This research tested Type 4 chemical protective clothing according to EN and ISO standards to evaluate data consistency and unity.


Methodology
Type 4 protective clothing from two manufacturers were selected for this study. Both fabric and seam components were encompassed for examinations. The tested chemicals were sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, and toluene. The permeation experiment procedures followed ISO and EN standards by applying horizontal and vertical permeation test apparatus in triplication. In total, 36 samples were tested. The breakthrough times (BT) were recorded according to the definitions of EN at a permeation rate of 1.0 μg/cm2-min and ISO at 0.1 μg/cm2-min.


Results
There were no significant differences in the BTs between the ISO and EN criteria with the p-Value > 0.05 by the Mann–Whitney U test. However, comparing types of test apparatus (vertical vs. horizontal), types of seams (binding vs. taping), and components (fabric vs. seam), all the BTs are significantly different (p-Value < 0.05). Toluene immediately broke through the tested Type 4 clothing, i.e., less than 15 seconds.


Conclusions
The BTs of the vertical test apparatus are shorter than the BTs of horizontal results. The effect of gravity might be counted for the results. Seams are usually considered to be the weak parts of protective clothing. The binding seams were more vulnerable than the fabric. The chemical resistance tests of these components should be included as ISO requirements.

Provinces that are spread from Sabang to Merauke, of course, have state civil servants who assist each province. The State Civil Apparatus is a profession for civil servants and government employees with work agreements who work for government agencies. Indonesia is a large country, but the existing situation is that the number of civil servants is still less than the total population of Indonesia, so that the fulfillment of the state civil apparatus is needed. Tutoring is one of the means to help candidates for State Civil Apparatus to pass the Basic Competency test. The competencies tested are the national insight test, general intelligence test and basic personality test using computer assistance. The use of virtual based learning methods is a solution in the COVID-19 pandemic that minimizes physical contact between tutors and participants and is expected in the future to help the learning process in Indonesia, which is an archipelago so that there is equitable access to education in Indonesia.

The decarbonization of the residential sector is fundamental for energy transition. In this context, it is promising the introduction of hydrogen in natural gas networks in specific hydrogen districts. Accordingly, hydrogen meters are needed for accounting the fuel consumptions. The topic of this work is the development and construction of an experimental apparatus for testing safely hydrogen volume and flow meters up to 24 m3/h (referred to standard conditions) in controlled environmental conditions, between -25 and +55 °C (and beyond). The apparatus realized can test up to four volume and flow meters in a climatic chamber while processing air or pure hydrogen or methane. Methane-hydrogen mixtures can be tested connecting simply bottles with synthetic blends. The aim is to verify the measurement accuracy of the meters under test. A dedicated data analysis protocol featuring statistical process control is developed to monitor the stability of the system during the test. It exploits statistical indicators representing the autocorrelation, the normality of residuals of the mean value and the lag plot. The apparatus is realized, and it complies with the leakage limits set by indications in literature. A new ultrasonic domestic meter is tested in the apparatus. It has been developed by Pietro Fiorentini S.p.A. in the framework of the Hy4Heat project. Its error trends measured at all temperatures comply with the limit of 3.5% between 0.12 and 2 m3/h and 2% between 2 and 20 m3/h, as imposed by legislations.

The finding of a mean difference of 11 points (one standard error) between wooden and plastic peg boards for the M‐aptitude of the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) as reported by Kapes and Sievert (1973) led to this investigation. The intent was to replicate their research and, by the use of a broader sample range, to examine other selected variables to determine whether any differences remained constant across the population. The results of the study indicated that individuals tested on the wooden equipment perform significantly higher than those individuals tested on the plastic equipment. Converted score differences for the M‐aptitude indicated an average difference of approximately 10.5 points in favor of the wooden apparatus.

What happened under the rubric of small-government reform slogans during the era of cutback management in Japan and Korea? This paper analyzes and discusses the structural changes of the central state apparatus, and provides implications to the constraints and opportunities of administrative reforms in Japan and Korea. Applying the "bureau-shaping mode" of Patrick Dunleavy; we find substantive validity for the bureau-shaping strategy in both countries; both state apparatus have been shaping their delivery agencies into transfer, contract and control agencies. However, the degree of changes was not enough (especially, in Japan) to strongly test the hypotheses of the bureau-shaping model. Now, structural changes of the state apparatus in both countries are expected to be more radical than those in past years. And the explanatory power of the bureau-shaping model is anticipated to be greater in the future. (Int Rev o Publ Admin/DÜI)

Competency development is an effort to increase knowledge, skills, abilities and thinking maturity which is automatically accompanied by changes in morals and behavior in carrying out government and development tasks, one of which is through education and training programs. This study aims to determine the Implementation of the Competency Development Policy Strategy of the National Civil Apparatus in Sinjai Regency. This type of research is qualitative. Data collection techniques used are interview, observation and documentation methods. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data display and data verification. The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of Competency Development Policy Strategies for National Civil Apparatus in Sinjai Regency. One of the obstacles lies in the ability of regional finances to conduct competency tests at all levels in national civil apparatus. Meanwhile, one of the supporting factors is the enthusiasm of the employees in improving competence through education and training.

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of competence, leadership style, organizational culture, use of technology, and reporting systems on the performance accountability of government agencies in OPD Sumedang Regency. This research approach uses a scientific method which is a theoretical structure to form a hypothesis. It then uses facts or empirical data to test the theory to conclude or be conclusive. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire distributed directly to the OPD of the Sumedang Regency. The population in this study were all OPD Sumedang Regency, as many as 31 OPD. Sampling in this study using the purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this study were the head of financial administration and administrative staff. So, the total sample of this research is 31 x 2 apparatus = 62 OPD apparatus in Sumedang Regency. Data processing technique using SEM method based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The study results found that competence, leadership style, organizational culture, and technology had a positive and significant effect on the accountability of government agencies' performance at OPD Sumedang Regency. At the same time, the reporting system has a positive but not significant impact on the Performance Accountability of Government Agencies at OPD Sumedang Regency. ; The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of competence, leadership style, organizational culture, use of technology, and reporting systems on the performance accountability of government agencies in OPD Sumedang Regency. This research approach uses a scientific method which is a theoretical structure to form a hypothesis. It then uses facts or empirical data to test the theory to conclude or be conclusive. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire distributed directly to the OPD of the Sumedang Regency. The population in this study were all OPD Sumedang Regency, as many as 31 OPD. Sampling in this study using the purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this study were the head of financial administration and administrative staff. So, the total sample of this research is 31 x 2 apparatus = 62 OPD apparatus in Sumedang Regency. Data processing technique using SEM method based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The study results found that competence, leadership style, organizational culture, and technology had a positive and significant effect on the accountability of government agencies' performance at OPD Sumedang Regency. At the same time, the reporting system has a positive but not significant impact on the Performance Accountability of Government Agencies at OPD Sumedang Regency.

Grease-lubricated journal bearings present a common challenge for construction equipment manufacturers in the world. The common design methodology is based on empirical data and has worked very well historically because the market and governments have accepted that bearings in construction equipment need frequent lubrication and exchange of worn parts. Legal and market requirements will soon demand lower environmental impact and increased machine efficiency. These requirements call for better methods of designing grease lubricated journal bearings. The goal of the outlined work was to develop better design methods for grease lubricated journal-bearing design used in heavy-duty construction equipment machines, in order to prolong life and lubrication intervals. The research approach of the project can roughly be divided into three phases: 1. Development of test apparatus and test methods for journal bearing studies. 2. Bench tests of grease lubricated journal bearing design. 3. Verification between bench tests and computer simulations. In the thesis the current state of the art in bearing design for construction equipment is discussed and summarized in the form of design guidelines. The suggested design steps are just a mean to get to the starting point of design. The simple guidelines do however serve a purpose when collected since most published bearing design guidelines are aimed at the bushing material or at continuously rotating bearings. The influence of housing, environment and load cases can not be ignored when designing a bearing. Long term field-testing and experience can not be replaced until better design criteria have been established. Paper A deals with the design of the bearing test apparatus that was built and evaluated. Comparisons between theoretical contact and contact elements in Finite Element program have been made and discussed in paper B. In paper C a replica technique for measuring wear of large field specimens was evaluated. A case study of bearing housing design was performed in paper D ...

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of competence, leadership style, organizational culture, use of technology, and reporting systems on the performance accountability of government agencies in OPD Sumedang Regency. This research approach uses a scientific method which is a theoretical structure to form a hypothesis. It then uses facts or empirical data to test the theory to conclude or be conclusive. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire distributed directly to the OPD of the Sumedang Regency. The population in this study were all OPD Sumedang Regency, as many as 31 OPD. Sampling in this study using the purposive sampling technique. Respondents in this study were the head of financial administration and administrative staff. So, the total sample of this research is 31 x 2 apparatus = 62 OPD apparatus in Sumedang Regency. Data processing technique using SEM method based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The study results found that competence, leadership style, organizational culture, and technology had a positive and significant effect on the accountability of government agencies' performance at OPD Sumedang Regency. At the same time, the reporting system has a positive but not significant impact on the Performance Accountability of Government Agencies at OPD Sumedang Regency.