Suchergebnisse

In this thesis I describe intimacy-building practices in Japanese adolescent friendship and argue that participation in these hones a sense of power characterized by elaboration of the subordinate role. A sense of power informs self-, other-, and interactive- regard, and friendship experience is thus vital to Japanese individual well-being and interdependent sociality. Friend relationships encourage a construal of self that is socially relativistic (Lebra 1976), sociocentric (Rosenberger 1989), relationally defined (Kondo 1990), and interdependent (Markus and Kitayama 1991, 1994). In the course of fieldwork at a suburban Tokyo junior high and high school for long-term absentees, I found that speaking practices, talk and enhanced talk, were means of generating intimacy among students. Talk was characterized by a self-disclosing speaker and empathetic listener, and talk indexed that peers had formed a friendship. Enhanced talk brought friends closer. One element of enhanced talk was friend talk, but with maximum disclosure. A second element was agonistic interaction, which entailed a speaker telling a listener about the listener and leading the listener to correct action and perspective in a frank, emphatic manner. In students' descriptions of talk and enhanced talk, they elaborated the subordinate role in the speaking dyad. Although speakers and listeners exercised power in talk and enhanced talk, students identified with the powerful listening role. A sense of power is derived from and informs practices of ethical sociality, morally elaborated and culturally valued interactive repertoires. In Japan these include empathy (DeVos 1973; Lebra 1976; Tobin 1989), amae (dependence) (Doi 1971; Lebra 1976; Yamaguchi 2004), group affiliation (White and LeVine 1986; White 1987; Tobin 1989; Fukuzawa and LeTendre 2001), and presentation of will (White 1987; LeTendre 2000; Tsuneyoshi 2001). Friend intimacy-building practices may be considered another domain of ethical sociality

Psychology and the Conduct of Everyday Life moves psychological theory and research practice out of the laboratory and into the everyday world. Drawing on recent developments across the social and human sciences, it examines how people live as active subjects within the contexts of their everyday lives, using this as an analytical basis for understanding the dilemmas and contradictions people face in contemporary society. Early chapters gather the latest empirical research to explore the significance of context as a cross-disciplinary critical tool; they include a study of homeless Māori men reaffirming their cultural identity via gardening, and a look at how the dilemmas faced by children in difficult situations can provide insights into social conflict at school. Later chapters examine the interplay between everyday life around the world and contemporary global phenomena such as the rise of the debt economy, the hegemony of the labor market, and the increased reliance on digital technology in educational settings. The book concludes with a consideration of how social psychology can deepen our understanding of how we conduct our lives, and offer possibilities for collective work on the resolution of social conflict.

"Traces Japan's coffee craze from the turn of the twentieth century, when Japan helped to launch the Brazilian coffee industry, to the present day, as uniquely Japanese ways with coffee surface in Europe and America. White's book takes up themes as diverse as gender, privacy, perfectionism, and urbanism. She shows how coffee and coffee spaces have been central to the formation of Japanese notions about the uses of public space, social change, modernity, and pleasure. White describes how the café in Japan, from its start in 1888, has been a place to encounter new ideas and experiments in thought, behavior, sexuality, dress, and taste. It is where a person can be socially, artistically, or philosophically engaged or politically vocal. It is also, importantly, an urban oasis, where one can be private in public."--Publisher's description

Should courts allow minors (<18 years) to refuse life-saving medical treatment for religious reasons?

My students don't all agree that respect for the personal autonomy of a minor who fully understands the consequences of their decision, is all that matters. But many of them do.

On the basis of data of a study executed in Ukraine in the frame of the international project of WHO "Health Behaviour Schoolage Children" ("HBSC"), the influence of such factors as socio-economic inequality, completeness of a family, mutual understanding with parents, attitude to school, and relations with teachers and children of the same age on the lifestyle of teenagers is analyzed.