Suchergebnisse

When trade ministers meet in the United States( ) late this year, they may launch a new round of global trade talks under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO). If the ministers indeed initiate this "millennium round," agriculture will be part of it. Otherwise, agricultural negotiations will proceed on their own, since Article 20 of the Uruguay Round (UR) Agreement on Agriculture states that agricultural negotiations should be resumed during 1999. ; Contents: 1. Overview / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Sherman Robinson -- 2. Latin American perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Lucio Reca --3. Asian perspective / Marcus Noland -- 4. African perspective / Natasha Mukherjee and Rebecca Lee Harris -- 5. Transition Economies' perspective / Ulrike Grote and Peter Wehrheim -- 6. European Union perspective / Stefan Tangermann -- 7. United States of America perspective / Dale Hathaway -- 8. Least-developed Countries' perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla, Marcelle Thomas, and Valeria Piñeiro -- 9. Cairns Group perspective / Kym Anderson. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; Markets and Trade; 2020 ; TMD; DGO

Lista de articulos:; Panorama de América Latina; Panorama de Asia; Panorama de África; Panorama de las economías en transición; Panorama de la Unión Europea; Panorama de los Estados Unidos de América; Panorama de los países menos adelantados; Panorama de los países del Grupo Cairns ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; Markets and Trade; 2020 ; TMD; DGO

Farmer Producer organization is a cooperative form of business organization. It is registered under Indian Companies Act. Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India launched a pilot programme for promoting member-based Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) during 2011-12, in partnership with state governments, which was implemented through the Small Farmers' Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC). It is an organization of the producers, specifically the primary producers. All primary producers residing in the relevant geography, and producing the same or similar produce, for which the FPO has been formed, can become member of the FPO. Membership is voluntary. The procedure for obtaining FPO membership depends on the bye-laws of the FPO. The founder-members are those who were there at the time of formation of the FPO. However, all members enjoy equal rights. A primary producer can become member of a FPO by submitting an application and a nominal membership fee. The FPOs are dealing with operations viz., procurement, production, processing, marketing of the commodities or products and also financial management.

The trade-conflict model claimed that trade reduces conflict. This paper extends the trade-conflict model to incorporate foreign aid and tariff effects. The theoretical propositions supported by proofs are as follows: trade and foreign aid reduce conflict and tariffs increases conflict. Empirical tests show that trade reduces conflict between states and the causality from trade to conflict remains. Foreign aid directly decreases conflict. The marginal effect of foreign aid in reducing conflict is greater than that of trade. However, foreign aid is much smaller in magnitude than trade and trade is more important than aid in affecting international relationships. In addition, the foreign aid effect is greater for non-trading partners than trading partners. Foreign aid increases trade, and thereby indirectly decreases conflict since trade reduces conflict. However, the indirect effect of foreign aid decreasing conflict will be smaller than the direct effect. Tariffs, if over a critical level, will increase conflict. Adapted from the source document.

The International Finance Corporation (IFC), in partnership with the Fiji Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and the Fiji Ministry of Industry, Trade, and Tourism (MITT), conducted a study of the sourcing of imported and local fresh produce by Fiji's hotel sector. The study analyzes the purchasing patterns of Fiji's hotels, to better understand existing linkages between the tourism and agriculture sectors, and to identify opportunities to improve these linkages. This report covers Fiji's main tourism areas of Nadi, Lautoka, the Mamanuca and Yasawa Islands, Denarau, and the Coral Coast that are home to 74 percent of all bed places. The report estimates the demand for vegetables, fruits, meats, seafood, dairy, herbs, and juice products across hotels in Fiji's main tourism areas. Based on this demand estimate, as well as on feedback from specialists working in the sector and qualitative interviews with hotel chefs, owners, and purchasing managers, the report identifies specific fresh produce items that have potential for import replacement by local agricultural producers. The results and recommendations in this report can be used by the Fijian Government, farmers and suppliers, donor and development partners, hotels, and the broader agricultural industry to develop, fund, and implement the policies and practices required to increase economic linkages between tourism operators and farmers.