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This paper draws on data from a research project which aimed to identify the range of responses being made by primary schools on the island of Ireland to the increasing diversity of beliefs amongst the student populations, especially in regards to religious education. It was discovered that in recent years a number of adjustments and mitigations have been made in both jurisdictions on the island but with significant variation across different school types. In addition, the research identified a persistent characteristic of governments has been to adopt a laissez-faire approach to the role of religion in education. Using strategic action field theory (SAF), the authors highlight three intersecting subfields – system, ethos and learning - where change is taking place. Drawing upon this theory, it is noted that managing change effectively will require a coordinated approach across all three fields and is dependent upon teachers with diverse beliefs being able to make sense of the role of religion in school and their role as religious educators in particular.

Das vorliegende Buch informiert über die Bedeutung der Handelspolitik innerhalb des Transformationsprozesses. Die Ausgestaltung der Handelspolitik muß demnach die makroökonomischen Bedingungen berücksichtigen, die handelspolitischen Instrumente sinnvoll einsetzen, die Größen einer ausgeglichenen Zahlungsbilanz verbinden und ein einheitliches Tarif- und Gebührensystem beinhalten. Weiterhin werden die Einwirkungen der Uruguay Runde auf die Handelspolitik der einzelnen Transformationsländer dargelegt. Das Problem des Anti-Dumping und andere Markteintrittsbarrieren werden im Zusammenhang mit den Hindernissen im Handel betrachtet. Der vierte Teil des Buches beschäftigt sich mit den regionalen Kooperationen und Initiativen der einzelenen Transformationsländer, die eine Erleichterung im

An introduction to this special issue of International Social Science Journal that contains five articles (see abstracts in SA 36:4) concerning processes of transition. The transition to capitalism, with which Karl Marx's writings were often concerned, provides the basic model for such processes, though Marx's account has several gaps. The various articles presented examine details of the transition in widely varied social/historical settings. W. H. Stoddard

Intro -- POLITICAL TRANSITION PROCESS: PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL -- POLITICAL TRANSITION PROCESS: PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITIONS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON CAMPAIGN COSTS -- THE PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ACT OF 1963 -- FUNDING UNDER THE PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ACT -- Johnson-Nixon Transition -- Nixon-Ford Transition -- Ford-Carter Transition -- Carter-Reagan Transition -- PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITIONS EFFECTIVENESS ACT -- FUNDING UNDER THE PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITIONS EFFECTIVENESS ACT -- Reagan-George H. W. Bush Transition -- George H. W. Bush-Clinton Transition -- PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ACT OF 2000 -- NEW PROVISIONS TO FACILITATE THE TRANSITION PROCESS -- Clinton-George W. Bush Transition -- FY2005 TRANSITION FUNDING -- INTELLIGENCE REFORM AND TERRORISM PREVENTION ACT OF 2004 -- FY2009 TRANSITION FUNDING -- ACTIVITIES OF PAST PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITIONS -- Eisenhower-Kennedy Transition -- Johnson-Nixon Transition -- Nixon-Ford Transition -- Ford-Carter Transition -- Carter-Reagan Transition -- Reagan-George H. W. Bush Transition -- George H. W. Bush-Clinton Transition -- Clinton-George W. Bush Transition -- General Considerations -- Adequate Funding -- Pre-election Planning -- Organizational Decisions -- Continuity of the Federal Government -- Setting Priorities in the New Administration -- APPENDIX: TEXT OF PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION STATUTES PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ACT OF 2000: P.L. 106-293, OCTOBER 13, 2000 -- 114 STAT. 1035 -- An Act -- Section 1. Short Title -- Sec. 2. Amendments to Presidential Transition Act of 1963 -- Sec. 3. Report on Improving the Financial Disclosure Process for Presidential Nominees -- PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITIONS EFFECTIVENESS ACT: P.L. 100-398, AUGUST 17, 1988 -- 102 STAT. 985 -- An Act -- Section 1. Short Title.

Discusses the importance of transitional periods in societies and considers the elements necessary for evaluation. Gives a brief summary of Marx's writings on transition processes. (SJO)

Purpose: The paper analyses how public buyers transition from procuring single products and services to procuring complex performance (PCP). The aim is to examine the change in the interactions between buyer and supplier, the emergence of value co-creation and the capability development during the transition process. Design/methodology/approach: A multiple, longitudinal case study method is used to examine the transition towards PCP. The study deploys rich qualitative data sets by combining semi-structured interviews, focus group meetings and organisational reports and documents. Findings: The transition towards PCP can be best described as a learning process which cumulates the knowledge and experience in the client-supplier interaction accompanied by changing contractual and relational capabilities. In public infrastructure this process is not initially motivated by the benefits of value co-creation, but is politically driven. Practical implications: The study proposes three generic transition stages towards increased performance and infrastructural complexity moderated by contract duration. These stages may help managers of public agencies to identify the current procurement level and the contractual and relational challenges they need to master when facing higher levels of performance and infrastructural complexity. Originality/value: The study adds to the limited empirical and conceptual understanding on the nature of long-term public-private interactions in PCP. It contributes through a rare focus adopting a longitudinal perspective on these interactions in the transition towards PCP.