Suchergebnisse

In sub-Saharan Africa, a sustainable economy has received much focus during recent years. The article develops an index of sustainable economic growth as a reference point for future policy. Several needs are established: investment of renewable resources at rates that mirror population growth; a property rights framework that provides adjustments to the market in regard to the value of biodiversity; property rights initiatives linked to the direct management of the stock of natural resources; & allocation of resources to support governance systems that are grounded in the civil society. 5 Figures, 16 References. R. Larsen

While globalization threatens many of the historical drivers of rural US economies, it also opens up new opportunities for economic development. In particular, globalization increases the ability of rural communities to establish sustainable forms of economic development, ie, practices that simultaneously create economic vitality, environmental stewardship, & social equity. Rural communities have increasingly embraced the concept of sustainable development as a mantra for expressing their desired pattern of development. Here, the author's experiences at Colgate U (Hamilton, NY) with a project called the Hamlets of Madison County are drawn on to develop a theoretical model that outlines the conditions & factors that shape the ability of rural communities to develop sustainable economies. 1 Figure, 22 References. Adapted from the source document.

In recent two decades, due to contributions of political macroeconomics, the focus of macroeconomics turned away from a narrow perspective based on market and privatisation (market fundamentalism) towards a broader perspective based on institutions and values (institutionalism). Within the institutional paradigm, the emphasis nowadays is put on inclusive institutions. The main thesis of one of leading proponents of political macroeconomics, D. Acemoglu, is: "growth is much more likely under inclusive (economic and political) institutions than extractive institutions." Good institutions are characterized by three attributes: 1) they establish and protect property rights; 2) they restrict social elites which strive to expropriate income and property of others members of society; 3) they provide equal chances for employment, social security and civil rights to all individuals. Good institutions contribute to political stability, successful macroeconomic policy, and enhance initiatives. The key role of institutions is to secure stability and continuity. Extractive institutions can negatively affect entrepreneurship and entire economic development in two ways: a) by increasing the opportunity cost, resulting in upward movement of the opportunity cost curve; and b) by affecting return to entrepreneurship resulting in leftward movement of the return to entrepreneurship curve. Apart from independence and accountability of institutions what is needed is sufficient level of inclusion. Inclusion should encompass three dimensions: personal, financial, and political. The introduction of principles of independence, accountability, and inclusion is essential for emergence and performance of all institutions.

Sustainable Economic Development: Resources, Environment, and Institutions presents 25 articles that lay the foundations of sustainable development in a way that facilitates effective policy design. The editors mix broad thematic papers with focused micro-papers, balancing theories with policy designs. The book begins with two sections on sustainable development principles and practice and on specific settings where sustainable development is practiced. Two more sections illuminate institutions, governance, and political economy. Additional sections cover sustainable development and agricultu