Suchergebnisse

In May 1962 the Office of Naval Research and the CIA launched one of the most exotic and successful spy missions of the Cold War: the parachuting of two intelligence officers onto a hastily abandoned Soviet drift station on a deteriorating Arctic ice pack to collect data, and their retrieval using an experimental aerial recovery technique. This book, coauthored by one of those officers and a leading of CIA historian, offers a first-time description of the top secret mission. It combines page-turning adventure with a detailed inside look at the U.S.-Soviet race to conquer the Arctic at the height of the Cold War

Under the influence of global warming, the Arctic ice cap is shrinking year to year. As a result, the region has become the focus of international attention. Neighboring countries are locked in talks over the definition of maritime borders and control of natural resources. Melting sea ice is opening up new commercial shipping routes, while the development of tourism offers potential new sources of revenue. Three possible scenarios are on the horizon: 1) A blanket ban on the exploitation of Arctic resources, called for by ecologists but impossible, given the burgeoning global demand for oil and gas. 2) An armed confrontation for control of the region, thankfully unrealistic, since the countries concerned prefer to settle their differences by legal means. 3) Partial and regulated exploitation of resources, the most likely way forward. Regulations acceptable to all parties have yet to be negotiated, of course, and this will not be a piece of cake. Adapted from the source document.

The melting of the icecap, the most visible sign of global warming, could cause serious problems for collective security. The opening of new navigation routes and access to new resources give rise to considerable strategic upheaval. Whilst Russia has for some time affirmed its wish to invest in the region, the reaction from its neighbours is still awaited. The stakes in the High North are not only environmental but also have a direct impact on the security of the Western world. (Summary of the report 'The northern dimension of European security' by the Western European Union/European Security and Defence Assembly, dated 5 November 2008.). Adapted from the source document.

Avec le réchauffement climatique, de nouvelles perspectives s'ouvrent pour l'Arctique. Des opportunités apparaissent dans le domaine du transport maritime et de l'exploitation des ressources naturelles. Si des différends territoriaux persistent dans la zone, nul acteur n'a intérêt à ce que les tensions dégénèrent. La stabilité de la région est en effet essentielle à son développement économique. Les tensions entre la Russie et les États arctiques membres de l'OTAN devraient donc être contenues.

Le Grand Nord sera-t-il le nouveau terrain de lutte du xxi e siècle ? Sa cartographie mouvante, redessinée par le changement climatique, mêle les défis environnementaux aux questions énergétiques, et de commerce international. La répartition de ses ressources potentielles entre les pays riverains fait l'objet de contentieux ouverts. Si une certaine militarisation dessine une nouvelle zone conflictuelle, les ambitions stratégiques pourraient s'accorder dans un nouveau cadre juridique multilatéral. politique étrangère