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SummaryA wide ranging coverage is given of the issues involved in the interaction between women and sport. The pressures on girls and women to take part in or to refrain from various sports are considered. The question of the leisure time available to women in various situations, and the pressures on that leisure time, are discussed, and space is also given to the opportunities available at school level, the Equal Opportunities Commission's involvement in sport and the problems of sportswomen at the highest level.

Social disorganization, approached as either structure or process, personal or institu tional, is discussed as it applies to the career of the professional team athlete. Conditions leading to social disorganization are delineated, as are the locations and types of social disorganization likely to be encountered by the athlete. Issues such as institutionalized racial discrimination, cheating, violence, the "win" ethic, the stigma of failure, and athletic retirement are examined as potential sources of disorganization. Sports careers are compared to non-sport careers, and four disorganizational elements unique to sport careers--the superfluity of formal education, accelerated social mobility, the inevitability of a second career, and the nature of athletic retirement--are elaborated.

When this book was first published the study of sport had been largely neglected by sociologists. The contributions to this volume bring the sports field, the leisure centre and everyday leisure activities to a more central position within the sociological enterprise. Whether amateur or professional, sport contributes to wider relations of power, privilege and domination and this debate represents an important phase in the sociology of sport and leisure.

Part I. Great Theorists -- Chapter 1. Toward a Sport Ethic: Science, Politics, and Weber's Sociology / Robert Beamish, PhD ; Four Pure Types of Action ; Science and Ethics: The Limits of Goal-Rational Action ; The Politics of Ethical Conduct in Sport ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Sources -- Chapter 2. Civilizing Sports: Figurational Sociology and the Sociology of Sport / Eric Dunning, PhD ; The Figurational Sociology of Sport and Its Critics ; Criticizing and Testing Elias ; The "Civilizing" of Modern Sports ; Soccer Hooliganism as an English and World Problem ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 3. Beyond the Sociological Imagination: Doing Autoethnography to Explore Intersections of Biography and History / Nancy Spencer, PhD ; Sociological Imagination ; Applying the Sociological Imagination to Research ; Applying Critical Sociological Imagination to My Studies ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Part II. Research Guided by Mid-Level Sociological Theories -- Chapter 4. The Sociology of Science: Sport, Training, and the Use of Performance-Enhancing Substances / Ian Ritchie, PhD ; Theories in the Sociology of Science ; Sport and the Science of Training: The Conservation of Energy and Beyond ; Understanding the Use of Performance-Enhancing Substances ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 5. Political Economy: Sport and Urban Development / Kimberly S. Schimmel, PhD ; Urban Political Economy and Urban Regime Theory ; Sport Development and Urban Development in Historical Perspective ; Sport, Urban Regime, and Urban Development in Indianapolis ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 6. Institutional Logics Theory: Examining Big-Time College Sport / Richard M. Southall, EdD, and Mark S. Nagel, EdD ; Theory of Institutional Logics ; Case Study: 2007 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament Broadcasts ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 7. Playing for Whom? Sport, Religion, and the Double-Movement of Secularization in America / David Yamane, PhD, Charles E. Mellies, BA, and Teresa Blake, BA ; The Double Movement of Secularization ; Societal-Level Secularization: The Differentiation of Sport from Religion ; Sport as Civil Religion? ; Organizational Innovation Connecting Religion and Sport ; Religion and Spirituality at the Individual Level ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Part III. Theories of Inequality -- Chapter 8. Feminist Theory and the Study of Sport: An Illustration from Title IX / Angela J. Hattery, PhD ; The First Wave ; Modern Feminist Theory:The Second Wave ; Postmodern Feminism: The Third Wave ; Title IX and Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Sport ; Discussion ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 9. Social and Cultural Capital: Race, School Attachment, and the Role of High School Sports / Rhonda F. Levine, PhD ; Theoretical Frameworks ; Sport Participation, Academic Achievement and School Attachment ; Role of Coaches ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research Additional Resources -- Chapter 10. Race, Class, and Gender Theory: Violence Against Women in the Institution of Sport / Earl Smith, PhD, and Benny Cooper, BA ; The Issue ; Methods and Data ; Discussion ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 11. Masculinities and the Sociology of Sport: Issues and Ironies in the 21st Century / Bryan E. Denham, PhD -- Hegemonic Masculinity ; Constructions of Masculinity in Professional Football ; Constructions of Masculinity in Hardcore Bodybuilding ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 12. Getting Girls in the Game: Negotiations of Structure and Agency in a Girls' Recreational Sport Program / Cheryl Cooky, PhD ; Overview of Theories of Structuration ; Culture ; Girls in the Game ; Cultural Analysis: Discursive Constructions of Sport and the "At-Risk" Girls ; Helping Girls "At-Risk": The Structure of "Girls in the Game" ; "Doing Whatever We Want": Reproductive Agency at GIG ; Negotiating Agency and Constraint in Everyday Social Interactions: The Role of Culture in School-Sanctioned Verus Hip-Hop Femininities ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Part IV. Microlevel Theories -- Chapter 13. The Mundanity of Excellence: Tiger Woods and Excellence in Golf / Earl Smith, PhD ; Tiger the Golfer ; Theory of Dominance in Sport ; Discussion ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 14. Making it Big: Visible Symbols of Success, Physical Appearance, and Sport Figures / Bonnie Berry, PhD ; The Null Hypothesis and Methodology ; Observations of Sport, Fitness, and "Health" Magazine Images ; Interpretations: Some Features on Which to Focus ; Symbolic Interaction, Dramaturgy, and Image-Making ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Chapter 15. Sport and Multiple Identities in Postwar Trinidad: The Case of McDonald Bailey / Roy D. McCree, PhD ; Theoretical Considerations ; Methodology ; Athletic Representation and Multiple Identities: Trinidadian or British ; Conclusion ; Suggested Research ; Additional Resources -- Epilogue -- References -- Index -- About the Editor.

European policy has many implications on the formation of national policy and decision-making process. Although European Union has no direct competence in the area of sport, its value-added is apparent in the promotion of sport-related activities and the exchange of good practice, influencing sport policy in the member states. The aim of this article is to explore the impact of the European Union on Greek sport policy making. Focusing on the social dimension of sport, this article argues that the Europeanization of Greek sport policy is limited because of its reliance on weak and indirect mechanisms. Yet it perceives a kind of a selective adoption of EU initiatives and recommendations for Greece to accomplish particular goals and meet national priorities. One of the benefits of this interaction is that Greece has slowly entered into a "learning" process where EU provides a platform for sport-related policy transfer and exchange of ideas among member states.

A brief comment is made about the relation of sport and art before looking at the nature of sport and the aesthetic perception of it. Three aspects of sport- the skilful, the dramatic and the good contest — are then phenomenologically analysed as exemplifying both some central features of sport as well as their possibility for yielding different dimensions of aesthetic experience.