Suchergebnisse

This article seeks to identify areas of relative transport disadvantage within an archipelagic region of the Philippines, so its people can be privileged through the provision of faster inter-island journeys to support social inclusion. It assesses the constraints that limit travel between cities and townships by undertaking a small travel behavior survey and trip generation/distribution model across four population centres, to observe how physical isolation from larger centres of social confluence can be reflected by lower trip volumes and associated increases in risks of social exclusion. The article's methodology makes use of limited information to identify where reductions in inter-island travel time can be proposed for people living in areas of greater relative transport, social and economic disadvantage, so that individual economic and personal travel opportunities can be made more accessible, reducing exclusion risks and promoting well-being.

Purpose
– Socio-economic disadvantage is linked to poor parenting skills and subsequently poorer child development. The most deprived geographical areas in Wales have been targeted under the Welsh Government Flying Start scheme to receive additional resources. Unfortunately, many in-need families either lived outside these areas or required further intervention above what was provided. The Welsh Government decision to extend Flying Start is appropriate but the proposed targeting method may still fail to reach all high-risk families. The purpose of this paper is to explore an alternative targeting method.


Design/methodology/approach
– The current study examined the association between five socio-economic and demographic risk factors and parenting outcomes in a sample of Flying Start families.


Findings
– Quality of housing (overcrowding and housing standards) played a significant role in predicting poorer parenting outcomes in terms of language and home stimulation. Exposure to multiple risk predicted poorer outcomes regardless of which risk factors were present.


Originality/value
– This paper contributes to discussion about effective ways of allocating limited resources to best effect.

L'article complète les travaux sur la financiarisation des économies contemporaines à partir de données portant non pas sur les comptes des entreprises, mais sur la composition de leur personnel. Il retient pour cela plusieurs indicateurs susceptibles de signer la puissance directe et indirecte de la finance contemporaine : l'importance et la concentration relative au sein des fractions les mieux payées des salariés travaillant dans le secteur de la finance, au sein des holdings des entreprises non-financières, dans le secteur du conseil aux entreprises ou comme cadres financiers des entreprises non-financières. La concentration des salariés de la finance au sein des salariés les mieux payés semble être le phénomène le plus marquant du processus de financiarisation. L'article examine ensuite les conséquences de la financiarisation sur les inégalités socio-spatiales. À l'accroissement des inégalités, phénomène déjà connu et mis en évidence dans nos précédents travaux, s'ajoute un phénomène de fractionnement du territoire entre la « ville globale » (le grand Paris et en particulier son quartier d'affaires de La Défense) qui possède un centre financier international et les autres parties du territoire. Ainsi, le processus de ségrégation spatiale devient massif dès lors qu'on monte assez haut dans la distribution des salaires et qu'on prend en compte le lieu de travail. Quoique de moindre ampleur, la concentration des salariés riches, produite par la financiarisation, participe à la ghettoïsation résidentielle des salariés les plus fortunés.

This special issue on housing and socio-spatial inclusion had its genesis in the 5th Housing Theory Symposium (HTS) on the theme of housing and space, held in Brisbane, Australia in 2013. In late 2013 we put out a call for papers in an attempt to collect an initial suite of theoretical and empirical scholarship on this theme. This collection of articles progresses our initial discussions about the theoretical implications of adding the "social" to the conceptual project of thinking through housing and space. We hope that this special issue will act as a springboard for a critical review of housing theory, which could locate housing at the centre of a much broader network of social and cultural practices across different temporal trajectories and spatial scales. This editorial presents an overview of the theoretical discussions at the HTS and summarises the six articles in this themed issue, which are: (1) The meaning of home in home birth experiences; (2) Reconceptualizing the "publicness" of public housing; (3) The provision of visitable housing in Australia; (4) The self-production of dwellings made by the Brazilian new middle class; (5) Innovative housing models and the struggle against social exclusion in cities; and (6) A theoretical and an empirical analysis of "poverty suburbanization".

Chapter 1. Differences and inequalities in contemporary cities: a spatial perspective -- Chapter 2. Understanding social exclusion -- Chapter 3. Keyword of social inequalities -- Chapter 4. Identities, exclusions and space -- Chapter 5. Participation in policies against urban social exclusion

Purpose of review In the past decade, China has made remarkable achievements in the development of renewable energies. This article adopts a geographical perspective for China's current wave of renewable energy transitions, by viewing the transition outcomes through the lenses of spatial clustering and socio-spatial embeddedness. Recent findings We find that many renewable energy industry clusters have emerged nationwide and different patterns are uncovered for the clustering in extant literature, either through bottom-up agglomeration around pioneering enterprises, or driven by top-down government strategy and planning. There is scant research on the reconfiguration of socio-spatial arrangements, which is an important but very often neglected facet of energy transitions. We further discuss the regional disparities in China's renewable energy development, in which resource-rich regions are mainly in the north part of China, while central, eastern, and southern regions possess substantial advantages in fostering industry clusters. Summary In the end, we propose two avenues for future research: firstly, to explore why different clustering patterns emerge in a certain region but not in another, and what implications these cases of clustering can draw for other regions in China or other latecomer countries; secondly, to uncover how renewable energy application and popularization shape local socio-spatial arrangements.

The debate over the EU budget 2007-2013 made clear the need of an in-depth understanding of the distribution of the EU development funds. The scarce resources available need to be targeted more effectively towards the real needs of EU countries and regions in order to deliver the expected benefits. The literature on the impact of structural funds expenditure on regional growth and cohesion highlighted the reduced long-term impact of structural funds expenditure. One of the reasons for such result was identified in the biased allocation of funds among the different development axes. In this paper we assume a different perspective and focus the spatial structure of the expenditure for the Eu development policies under the 2000-2006 budget. For this purpose we collect a specific dataset for the EU-15 regions, including not only structural funds (as in the existing literature) but also rural development funds under the CAP. This extended dataset allows us to assess the spatial structure of a significant percentage of the total funds targeted towards regional development. On the basis such dataset we are able: a) to analyse the spatial concentration of structural expenditure as an important prerequisite for its effectiveness. A low degree of spatial concentration of the funds may support the hypothesis of a distribution based on political equilibrium rather than effectiveness. In addition we will be able to test the spatial association of rural and regional development funds which are rarely analysed jointly thus shedding some light on the spatial coherence of the expenditure for different policies; b) to compare the spatial concentration of EU funds with a specifically developed indicator of socio-economic disadvantage of the EU regions. This analysis will allow us to analyse the coherence of the EU regional policies with regard to the structural disadvantage of EU regions thus uncovering a potential inconsistency between policy objectives (favouring disadvantaged areas) and the beneficiaries of the funds. The paper shows that although there a certain degree of spatial association between structural and rural development expenditure the factors of socio-economic disadvantage are more spatially concentrated than the funds aimed at addressing such disadvantage.