Suchergebnisse

1. The origin of social classes in Santo Domingo -- 2. The emergence and decline of a sugar oligarchy -- 3. From sugar mills to cattle -- 4. The development of a ranch society -- 5. The curious society of the buccaneers -- 6. The French colony of Saint-Domingue -- 7. The century of misery -- 8. From the 17th century's immobility to the 18th century's dynamism -- 9. A half-century of relative development -- 10. Santo Domingo within the Caribbean panorama -- 11. The Haitian Revolution -- 12. The emigration issue -- 13. The ranchers' government and the tobacco harvesters' society -- 14. The causes of the 1822 Haitian invasion -- 15. The petty bourgeoisie in Dominican history -- 16. The petty bourgeoisie against the power of the ranchers -- 17. 1857-1861 : struggles within the petty bourgeoisie -- 18. The restoration : an achievement of the petty bourgeoisie -- 19. The long reign of the petty bourgeoisie in the nation's political life -- 20. Social composition and political parties of the period -- 21. The government of the Azules, or the road to bourgeois society -- 22. From the death of Heureaux to the death of Caceres -- 23. Imperialism in action -- 24. Social composition until 1930 -- 25. Trujillo, or : from petty bourgeoisie to bourgeoisie -- 26. Social composition at Trujillo's death.

International audience ; The strategic defense initiative (SDI) intends to renew the leadership of the USA on the western alliance. The initiative takes place in a period when a summation technology prevails for the aggregation of contributions of NATO allies. We investigate if SDI induces a shift in Hirshleifer's social composition function. Panel data tests over the period 1970-1990 do not confirm any break toward a best-shot aggregator. SDI does not alter the core of deterrence. It is indeed a public good at the US level but not at the NATO level, where, it is one of the joint products of the alliance. We also investigate the lessons to be drawn for the current debates on ballistic defense.

International audience ; The strategic defense initiative (SDI) intends to renew the leadership of the USA on the western alliance. The initiative takes place in a period when a summation technology prevails for the aggregation of contributions of NATO allies. We investigate if SDI induces a shift in Hirshleifer's social composition function. Panel data tests over the period 1970-1990 do not confirm any break toward a best-shot aggregator. SDI does not alter the core of deterrence. It is indeed a public good at the US level but not at the NATO level, where, it is one of the joint products of the alliance. We also investigate the lessons to be drawn for the current debates on ballistic defense.

International audience ; The strategic defense initiative (SDI) intends to renew the leadership of the USA on the western alliance. The initiative takes place in a period when a summation technology prevails for the aggregation of contributions of NATO allies. We investigate if SDI induces a shift in Hirshleifer's social composition function. Panel data tests over the period 1970-1990 do not confirm any break toward a best-shot aggregator. SDI does not alter the core of deterrence. It is indeed a public good at the US level but not at the NATO level, where, it is one of the joint products of the alliance. We also investigate the lessons to be drawn for the current debates on ballistic defense.

This article examines the social composition of homicide offenders and victims in Finland between 1960 and 2000. While many prior analyses have been based on victim-based cause-of-death statistics or aggregated rates of geographical units, the present data allowed the analysis of offender and victim populations at individual level. Both the rates and patterns of homicidal behaviour were analysed from the point of view of participants' social characteristics. It was discovered that the social anchoring of homicide remained stable in the relative sense that the typical victims and offenders were males from the lowest stratum. However, the absolute societal position of the lowest stratum male transformed as he was made economically redundant, a change that was reflected in homicide populations. The article concludes with a discussion of the paradox between the rise of the welfare state and the expected but unrealized pacification of the lowest stratum male. Four suppressing mechanisms are suggested: alcohol availability, social selection effects, cultural factors and the unintended consequences of social policy measures. The last category refers to changes in social patterns of homicide, which made the reduction of homicide rates more difficult, meaning that the present homicide situation is particularly resistant to efforts of situational crime prevention.