Trade remedies are government measures to minimize the adverse impact of imports on domestic industries. Antidumping duties are used to counter the effects of importssold at unfairly low prices on the domestic market. Countervailing duties are used to counter the price effects of imports that benefit from government subsidies in the exporting countries. Safeguard remedies (also called Section 201 and escape clause remedies) are used to reduce the injurious impact of surges in fairly trade imports.
Letter with an extract taken from the "Journal" of an expedition of cadets at the American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy, accompanied by other observations made by the writer (Barnard Shipp) regarding his time as a student at the Academy in 1824 (at Norwich, Vermont) and 1827-1828 (at Middletown, Connecticut); appears to have been written after Alden Partridge's death in 1854; some blank pages not digitized.
Over the past decade, there have been a number of studies that examined either shipper or carrier selection and evaluation factors. However, there has been little comparison between how these two groups perceive these factors with regard to their partners. This study examines the similarities and differences with the rankings of factors between shipper and carrier groups. Furthermore, the results highlight the various levels of satisfaction between the two groups.
Among topics discussed: University of Mississippi riot; role of the media; inaccuracies in reporting; Selma; animosity towards the media; internal dynamics of Atlanta Constitution; Ralph McGill; George Biggers; conflicts over editorials; Jack Tarver; Gene Patterson; Jack Nelson; Civil Rights coverage; Richard Russell; Atlanta Constitution's political coverage; Ivan Allen; Herbert Jenkins; lottery corruption; investigative reporting; Jack Nelson; Milledgeville State Hospital; William B. Hartsfield; desegregation of Atlanta city schools; pressure of advertisers shaping news coverage; Bill Fields; Murder at Broad River Bridge; Newsday; use of FBI to gain story leads; Environmental Protection Agency; Georgia Conservancy; Boulevard, Georgia Baptist Hospital riot; wayne Williams; Atlanta media's relationship with national media; changes in Constitution's political coverage; Watergate; media's influence on politics; television; campaign financing; Bobby Troutman; John Kennedy's 1960 presidential campaign; Griffin Bell; Taxi Smith; county unit system. ; Bill Shipp (b. 1933) has worked as a reporter, editor, and columnist for the Atlanta Constitution and for Newsday.
Among topics discussed: Early career; Horace Ward case; Red and Black; racial politics; Board of Regents and student newspaper; Shipp's ostracism at UGA; Ralph McGill; army career; the Atlanta Constitution during the 1960's; Gene Patterson; Highlander Folk School; left wing elements of the civil rights movement; Jack O'Dell; coverage of the civil rights movement; University of Mississippi desegregation; Selma; General Walker; political rivalries at the Constitution; Public Accommodations Act; the Constitution's impact; Robert Woodruff; Ralph McGill and the reporting staff; McGill and the Talmadges; the Albany Movement; Laurie Pritchett; Martin Luther King Jr.; 1954 Morris Abram‑Jim Davis congressional race; the end of the county unit system; Carl Sanders; Jimmy Carter; Eugene Talmadge; continuing rural domination of Georgia politics; the General Assembly; George L. Smith; First Atlanta Bank; Cheney Griffin; Marvin Griffin; "Joree" birds; Jack Nelson's Pulitzer Prize; Ernest Vandiver; highway department corruption; Marion Gaines's story on liquor monopolies in Atlanta; Marvin Griffin and the Atlanta press; Herman Talmadge; "B" Brooks; Bill Burson and The Statesman; The Constitution's role in Herman Talmadge's 1980 defeat; Zell Miller; politicians courting the black vote; Wyche Fowler; the rise of the Republican Party in Georgia; the 1970 governor's race; Charles Rafshoon; the media in political campaigns; Lester Maddox; Carl Sanders; Jimmy Carter's administration; Reg Murphy; education in Georgia; southern governors; the Republican Party; Wyche Fowler; national Republican strategy; campaign money. ; Bill Shipp (b. 1933) has worked as a reporter, editor, and columnist for the Atlanta Constitution and for Newsday.
Recent rate increases by U.S. freight railroads have refocused attention on regulation, deregulation, and regulatory reforms in the railroad industry. Legislation introduced into Congress would render a variety of railroad behavior newly subject to the jurisdiction of the antitrust statutes, with potential enforcement by the Antitrust Division and the FTC and through lawsuits brought by state attorneys general or private parties. This paper considers the economic issues raised by legislation and the likely impacts on competition and welfare.
PurposePrior research has primarily examined interorganizational relationships from the supplier or customer side or using dyadic pairs. The study aims to offer a comparison of carrier and shipper relationship views using a hybrid research method examining the relationship from both points of view by sampling both populations independently with identical surveys.Design/methodology/approachMail surveys were used to collect data from the two samples. Invariance tests were conducted, and the model was analyzed using structural equation modeling (AMOS 5.0).FindingsInvariance tests of the measurement instrument and comparisons of specific results show that, in the context of shippers and carriers, relationships – specifically trust and commitment and the contribution of dependence to relationship strength – are perceived differently.Research limitations/implicationsEmpirically supporting significant differences in theoretical relationship constructs between the two participants in an interorganizational relationship is important for understanding and advancing knowledge on supply chain relationships.Practical implicationsSuccessful supply chain management can only be achieved when firms successfully develop and manage relationships with other firms in their supply chain; therefore, it is important to recognize and understand any differences in these relationships so that they will be better equipped to manage them. Knowing that the other firm perceives differences in levels of trust and commitment and the contribution of dependence to relationship strength can provide indications of behaviors that are important to a firm in reaching their relationship goals.Originality/valueThe paper applies a method to compare supplier and customer relationship views that has not been used in supply chain management literature to uncover and support relationship differences between carriers and shippers.
William Shipp introduces Barnard Shipp (his son) and Stephen D. Elliott (the son of a deceased friend) to Alden Partridge; the boys are to enter the Academy. ; Transcription by Marcy Dean. Transcriptions may be subject to error.
William O. Shipp of Natchez, Mississippi, introduces Stephen M. Routh, who is to enter the Academy at Middletown, Connecticut. ; Transcription by Joseph Byrne. Transcriptions may be subject to error.
A great deal of attention in physical distribution management has been raised by both practitioners and academicians as to what type of carrier service is desired by shippers and consignees. From the viewpoint of the buying system, the selection of an appropriate transport mode and the selection of a given carrier and particular services offered by the carrier is an important decision. Billions of dollars are spent annually by the shipping public. The sheer magnitude of the expenditure coupled with the limitation on customer service which can result from the carrier selection choice is making it an increasingly important decision. Purchasing systems need better information concerning carrier selection variables than they now have to enable them to design the organisation for buying carrier services, and to select, train, and supervise traffic people as well as to decide how much of the process can be computerised.
A Mr. Shipp (possibly William O. Shipp) wishes to send James Michie, the son of a friend, to the Academy at Middletown, Connecticut; is pleased his boys (Barnard Shipp and Stephen D. Elliott?) are doing well there. Identification of the writer is tentative; could also be a Mr. Fripp. ; Transcription by Joseph Byrne. Transcriptions may be subject to error.
