Suchergebnisse

Understanding Sea-Level Rise and Variability identifies the major impacts of sea-level rise, presents up-to-date assessments of past sea-level change, thoroughly explores all of the factors contributing to sea-level rise, and explores how sea-level extreme events might change. It identifies what is known in each area and what research and observations are required to reduce the uncertainties in our understanding of sea-level rise so that more reliable future projections can be made. A synthesis of findings provides a concise summary of past, present and future sea-level rise and its imp.

With its 3,100 miles of tidal shoreline and low-lying rural and urban lands, "The Free State" is one of the most vulnerable to sea-level rise. Historically, Marylanders have long had to contend with rising water levels along its Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Ocean and coastal bay shores. Shorelines eroded and low-relief lands and islands, some previously inhabited, were inundated. Prior to the 20th century, this was largely due to the slow sinking of the land since Earth's crust is still adjusting to the melting of large masses of ice following the last glacial period. Over the 20th century, however, the rate of rise of the average level of tidal waters with respect to land, or relative sea-level rise, has increased, at least partially as a result of global warming. Moreover, the scientific evidence is compelling that Earth's climate will continue to warm and its oceans will rise even more rapidly. Recognizing the scientific consensus around global climate change, the contribution of human activities to it, and the vulnerability of Maryland's people, property, public investments, and natural resources, Governor Martin O'Malley established the Maryland Commission on Climate Change on April 20, 2007. The Commission produced a Plan of Action1 that included a comprehensive climate change impact assessment, a greenhouse gas reduction strategy, and strategies for reducing Maryland's vulnerability to climate change. The Plan has led to landmark legislation to reduce the state's greenhouse gas emissions and a variety of state policies designed to reduce energy consumption and promote adaptation to climate change.

Discusses impacts of climate change on small island states and low-lying areas of larger countries, based on assessments of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; describes actions of Commonwealth countries.

Intro -- Foreword by Prof. Andrew T. Smith -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Re-Building Coastal Cities: 20 Tactics to Take Advantage of Sea-Level Rise -- 1 Sea-Level Rise (SLR) -- 2 Urban Flooding -- 3 Re-Building Coastal Cities -- 4 Risks as Opportunities -- 5 Urban Elements -- 6 Urban Adaptation Models for SLR -- 7 20 Tactics -- 8 Discussion -- References -- Design Strategies for Coastal Adaptation Urban Speculation in Palm Beach, Gold Coast-Australia -- 1 Introduction: Study Drivers -- 2 Design Strategies -- 3 Project Exegesis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- When It's Time to Let Go: Re-Imagining Coastal Urban Living in the Face of Rising Seas -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Living Harmoniously with Water -- 3 Managed Retreat and Resettlement -- 3.1 Australia -- 3.2 The United States -- 3.3 The Netherlands -- 3.4 The United Kingdom -- 3.5 New Zealand -- 4 Opportunities: Re-Imagining the Future of Sea Cities in a Changing Climate -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Lo-TEK: Underwater and Intertidal Nature-Based Technologies -- 1 Changing Grounds -- 2 Lo-TEK -- 3 Adaptation Pathways -- 3.1 Defend/Protect -- 3.2 Surrender/Accommodate -- 3.3 Offend/Advance -- 3.4 Retreat -- 4 Futures -- 4.1 Hybridizing Ecosystem-Based Approach is the Best Scenario for Infrastructural Resilience -- 5 Conclusion-Further Discussion -- References -- Exploiting Sediment- and Morpho-Dynamics in Coastal Adaptation Strategies to Sea-Level Rise: A Case Study of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of Geomorphology Along the Coast of the Mekong Delta -- 2.1 Sediment Accumulation and Formation of the Mekong Delta -- 2.2 Subaqueous Delta and Longshore Sediment Transport -- 2.3 Shoreline Erosion and Sediment Supply Reduction.