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Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. ; Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. Its counterpart on Earth – geoengineering – is receiving serious consideration as a way to address climate change. Contemporary environmental awareness and our understanding of climate change is influenced by science fiction, and terraforming in particular has offered scientists, philosophers, and others a motif for thinking in complex ways about our impact on planetary environments. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. It traces the growth of the motif of terraforming in science fiction from H.G. Wells's The War of the Worlds (1898) to James Cameron's blockbuster Avatar (2009), in stories by such writers as Olaf Stapledon, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Frank Herbert, Ursula K. Le Guin, Ernest Callenbach, Pamela Sargent, Frederick Turner and Kim Stanley Robinson. It argues for terraforming as a nexus for environmental philosophy, the pastoral, ecology, the Gaia hypothesis, and the politics of colonisation and habitation. Amidst contemporary anxieties about climate change, terraforming offers an important vantage from which to consider the ways humankind shapes and is shaped by their world. ; Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ; Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. ; Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. Its counterpart on Earth – geoengineering – is receiving serious consideration as a way to address climate change. Contemporary environmental awareness and our understanding of climate change is influenced by science fiction, and terraforming in particular has offered scientists, philosophers, and others a motif for thinking in complex ways about our impact on planetary environments. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. It traces the growth of the motif of terraforming in science fiction from H.G. Wells's The War of the Worlds (1898) to James Cameron's blockbuster Avatar (2009), in stories by such writers as Olaf Stapledon, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Frank Herbert, Ursula K. Le Guin, Ernest Callenbach, Pamela Sargent, Frederick Turner and Kim Stanley Robinson. It argues for terraforming as a nexus for environmental philosophy, the pastoral, ecology, the Gaia hypothesis, and the politics of colonisation and habitation. Amidst contemporary anxieties about climate change, terraforming offers an important vantage from which to consider the ways humankind shapes and is shaped by their world. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. Its counterpart on Earth—geoengineering— is receiving serious consideration as a way to address climate change. Contemporary environmental awareness and our understanding of climate change is influenced by science fiction, and terraforming in particular has offered scientists, philosophers, and others a motif for thinking in complex ways about our impact on planetary environments. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. It traces the growth of the motif of terraforming in science fiction from H.G. Wells's The War of the Worlds (1898) to James Cameron's blockbuster Avatar (2009), in stories by such writers as Olaf Stapledon, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Frank Herbert, Ursula K. Le Guin, Ernest Callenbach, Pamela Sargent, Frederick Turner and Kim Stanley Robinson. It argues for terraforming as a nexus for environmental philosophy, the pastoral, ecology, the Gaia hypothesis, and the politics of colonisation and habitation. Amidst contemporary anxieties about climate change, terraforming offers an important vantage from which to consider the ways humankind shapes and is shaped by their world.

In Skeptical environmentalism, Robert Kirkman raises doubts about the speculative tendencies elaborated in environmental ethics, deep ecology, social ecology, postmodern ecology, ecofeminism, and environmental pragmatism. Drawing on skeptical principles introduced by David Hume, Kirkman takes issue with key tenets of speculative environmentalism, namely that the natural world is fundamentally relational, that humans have a moral obligation to protect the order of nature, and that understanding the relationship between nature and humankind holds the key to solving the environmental crisis. Engaging the work of Kant, Hegel, Descartes, Rousseau, and Heidegger, among others, Kirkman reveals the relational worldview as an unreliable basis for knowledge and truth claims, and as harmful to the intellectual sources from which it takes inspiration. Exploring such themes as the way knowledge about nature is formulated, what characterizes an ecological worldview, how environmental worldviews become established, and how we find our place in nature, Skeptical environmentalism advocates a shift away from the philosopher's privileged position as truth seeker toward a more practical thinking that balances conflicts between values and worldviews

How has American environmentalism affected the U.S. scientific enterprise? After two decades of intense and often rancorous debate about environmental protection, has the environmental movement changed the pursuit of scientific knowledge in significant ways? This article examines the relationship between environmentalists and scientists on four dimensions: (a) the degree to which scientific research has become more applied; (b) the relative success or failure of efforts to integrate and coordinate research projects and programs; (c) the amount of synthesis of scientific information for policy purposes that has taken place; and (d) the level of professionalizing that has occurred in environmental science, economics, policy, and management. Results indicate that environmentalism has had little impact on science.

Terraforming is the process of making other worlds habitable for human life. Its counterpart on Earth — geoengineering — is receiving serious consideration as a way to address climate change. Contemporary environmental awareness and our understanding of climate change is influenced by science fiction, and terraforming in particular has offered scientists, philosophers, and others a motif for thinking in complex ways about our impact on planetary environments. This book asks how science fiction has imagined how we shape both our world and other planets and how stories of terraforming reflect on science, society and environmentalism. It traces the growth of the motif of terraforming in science fiction from H.G. Wells's The War of the Worlds (1898) to James Cameron's blockbuster Avatar (2009), in stories by such writers as Olaf Stapledon, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Frank Herbert, Ursula K. Le Guin, Ernest Callenbach, Pamela Sargent, Frederick Turner and Kim Stanley Robinson. It argues for terraforming as a nexus for environmental philosophy, the pastoral, ecology, the Gaia hypothesis and the politics of colonisation and habitation. Amidst contemporary anxieties about climate change, terraforming offers an important vantage from which to consider the ways humankind shapes and is shaped by their world.

"This report reflects the advice and recommendations that resulted from pre-meeting preparations, on-site discussions, public comments, and subsequent analysis."

Cover page -- Halftitle page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF FIGURES -- FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- PREFACE ON WHY HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY MATTER -- 1. THE 'FACTS' OF THE MATTER -- 2. THE IMPORTANCE OF IDEAS AND WHERE THEY COME FROM -- 3. THE CULTURAL FILTER AND THE ROLE OF SCIENCE IN IT -- 4. THE APPROACH AND RATIONALE OF THIS BOOK -- CHAPTER 1 MODERN ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 1.1 DEFINITIONS -- 1.2 THEMES IN RECENT ENVIRONMENTALIST HISTORY -- 1.3 MAJOR CONCERNS OF MODERN ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 1.4 THE 'LIMITS', THE 'BLUEPRINT' AND 'SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL' -- 1.5 ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORKS -- CHAPTER 2 THE ROOTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 2.1 TECHNOCENTRISM AND 'CLASSICAL' SCIENCE -- 2.3 THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND NATURE AS A MACHINE -- 2.4 THE BACONIAN CREED AND ITS HIGH PRIESTS -- 2.5 THE CLASSICAL LEGACY IN TECHNOCENTRIC SCIENCE -- CHAPTER 3 THE NON-SCIENTIFIC ROOTS OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 3.1 PRELUDE: PLENITUDE AND THE GREAT CHAIN OF BEING -- 3.2 THE BASIS OF ROMANTICISM -- 3.3 THE ROMANTIC CONCEPTION OF NATURE -- 3.4 THE COUNTRY AND THE CITY -- 3.5 THE ROMANTIC LEGACY IN MODERN ECOCENTRISM -- CHAPTER 4 THE SCIENTIFIC ROOTS OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 4.1 MALTHUS AND NEO-MALTHUSIANS -- 4.2 DARWIN, THE WEB OF LIFE AND ECOLOGY -- 4.3 ECOSYSTEMS AND ECOCENTRIC PHILOSOPHY -- CHAPTER 5 SCIENCE AND OBJECTIVITY -- 5.1 A PARADOX -- 5.2.1 Determinism in Classical Science -- 5.3 SCIENCE AND IDEOLOGY IN THE PAST 200 YEARS -- 5.4 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND THEIR 20th CENTURY IDEOLOGICAL CONTEXT -- 5.5 THE PARADIGM CONCEPT -- CHAPTER 6 THE MARXIST PERSPECTIVE ON NATURE AND ENVIRONMENTALISM -- 6.1 THE BASIS OF MARXISM -- 6.2 HOW MARXISTS SEE NATURE -- 6.3 HOW MARXISTS SEE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS -- 6.4 MARXIST CRITIQUES OF ENVIRONMENTALISTS.

This fact-sheet by the EPA defines and describes the functions of the Community Multi-scale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ).

"For over half a century, the biologist Barry Commoner has been one of the most prominent and charismatic defenders of the American environment, appearing on the cover of Time magazine in 1970 as the standard-bearer of "the emerging science of survival." In Barry Commoner and the Science of Survival, Michael Egan examines Commoner's social and scientific activism and charts an important shift in American environmental values since World War II." "Throughout his career, Commoner believed that scientists had a social responsibility, and that one of their most important obligations was to provide citizens with accessible scientific information so they could be included in public debates that concerned them. Egan shows how Commoner moved naturally from calling attention to the hazards of nuclear fallout to raising public awareness of the environmental dangers posed by the petrochemical industry. He argues that Commoner's belief in the importance of dissent, the dissemination of scientific information, and the need for citizen empowerment were critical planks in the remaking of American environmentalism." "Commoner's activist career can be defined as an attempt to weave together a larger vision of social justice. Since the 1960s, he has called attention to parallels between the environmental, civil rights, labor, and peace movements, and connected environmental decline with poverty, injustice, exploitation, and war, arguing that the root cause of environmental problems was the American economic system and its manifestations. He was instrumental in pointing out that there was a direct association between socioeconomic standing and exposure to environmental pollutants and that economics, not social responsibility, was guiding technological decision making. Egan argues that careful study of Commoner's career could help reinvigorate the contemporary environmental movement at a point when the environmental stakes have never been so high."--Jacket

"This book provides one of the first systematic introductions to the Japanese concept of life-environmentalism, Seikatsu-Kankyo Shugi. This concept emerged in the 1980s as a shared research framework among Japanese social scientists studying the adverse consequences of postwar industrialization on everyday life in communities. Life-environmentalism offers a lens through which the agency of small communities in sustaining their everyday life and living environment can be understood. The book provides an overview of this approach, including intellectual backgrounds and foundational concepts, along with a variety of empirical case studies that examine environmental and sustainability issues in Japan and other parts of Asia. It also includes critical reflections on the approach in light of contemporary sustainability challenges. The empirical topics covered in the book include local community responses to development projects, resource governance, disaster response and recovery, and historical environmental preservation. The chapters are contributed by researchers working at the forefront of the field. It provides only a glimpse into the vast literature that awaits further exploration and engagement in the future. The book is suitable for upper undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers interested in environmental problems, sustainability and resilience, disaster mitigation and response, and regional development in Asian contexts, particularly Japan. It is well-suited for courses in anthropology, geography, sociology, urban and regional planning, political science, Asian studies, and environmental studies"--